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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1,110)
  • GEOPHYSICS  (823)
  • 1985-1989  (1,933)
  • 1988  (1,933)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1985-1989  (1,933)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (2′-5′)An-dependent endoribonuclease: Enzyme levels are regulated by IFNβ, IFNγ, and cell culture conditions (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 38 (1988), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: interferon β ; interferon γ ; (2′-5′)oligoadenylates ; RNase L ; anti-oncogenes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The levels of a (2′-5′) An-dependent endonuclease (RNase L) were determined in extracts prepared from murine L cells and Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells by measuring specific binding of protein to a labeled derivative of (2′-5′)An, (2′-5′)A3[32P]pCp. RNase L levels were found to depend both on interferon (IFN) treatment and on cell growth conditions. Treatment of murine L cells and EAT cells with 100-2,000 IRU IFNβ or IFNγ resulted in a similar 2-4-fold increase in the levels of RNase L when cells were present at low density. The levels of RNase L were also shown to increase 2-3-fold as cells approached saturation density. Serum-starved cells also displayed relatively high levels of RNase L. RNase L levels in cells maintained at high cell density did not change appreciably following treatment with IFNβ or IFNγ. Regulation of RNase L levels by cell growth conditions as well as by IFNβ or IFNγ treatment suggests that RNase L may play an important role in regulating the levels of cellular mRNAs as well as acting to degrade viral RNAs.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240380103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    51-kd protein, a component of microtubule-organizing granules in the mitotic apparatus involved in aster formation in vitro (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 9 (1988), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: centrosome ; aster-forming activity ; tubulin polymerization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mitotic apparatuses (MAs) isolated from sea urchin metaphase eggs were chilled on ice to depolymerize microtubules, homogenized, and incubated with tubulin. This caused formation of many small asters with microtubules focusing on granules which were probably fragments of the centrosome. The aster-forming protein components of the granules in the homogenized MAs were solubilized in 0.5 M KCl containing 50% glycerol. After dialysis against low-ionic-strength buffer solution, proteins congregated to form granular assembly capable of initiating aster formation. Phosphocellulose column chromatography enabled the separation of the aster-forming protein fraction which contained a 51,000 molecular weight protein (51-kd protein) as a major component. The protein fraction possessing the aster-forming activity was also prepared from methaphase whole egg homogenate, and the elution profile of the 51-kd protein on phosphocellulose column also coincided with that of the aster-forming activity. The granular assembly reconstituted from the phosphocellulose fraction formed asters whose microtubules show the same growth rate and length distribution as those of asters reconstructed from the granules in the homogenized MAs. Anti-51-kd protein antibody that was raised in rabbit and affinity-purified stained the center of asters which were reconstructed either from the granules in the homogenized MAs or from the granular assembly reconstituted from the phosphocellulose fraction. These results suggest that the 51-kd protein is a component in the aster-forming activity of the centrosomal component in vitro.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970090204
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  • 3
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    A case study of magnetotail current sheet disruption and diversion (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: On June 1, 1985 the AMPTE/CCE spacecraft (at a geocentric distance of about 8.8 earth radii at the midnight neutral sheet region) observed a dispersionless energetic particle injection and an increase in magnetic field magnitude, which are features commonly attributed to disruption of the near-earth cross-tail current sheet during substorm expansion onsets. An analysis based on high time-resolution measurements from the magnetometer and the energetic particle detector indicates that the current sheet disruption region exhibited localized (less than 1 earth radius) and transient (less than 1 min) particle intensity enhancements, accompanied by complex magnetic field changes with occasional development of a southward magnetic field component. Similar features are seen in other current disruption/diversion events observed by the CCE. The present analysis suggests that the current disruption region is quite turbulent, similar to laboratory experiments on current sheet disruption, with signatures unlike those expected from an X-type neutral line configuration. No clear indication of periodicity in any magnetic field parameter is discernible for this current disruption event.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 15; 721-724
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    A case study of mobilization and transport of Saharan dust (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The mobilization and transport of the Saharan dust over the West Africa and the tropical Atlantic Ocean during the days of August 23-28, 1974, were investigated using the data set developed by GFDL, together with numerical models of the atmosphere and aerosol. It was found that the mobilization of dust during this period was related to the passage of a shallow easterly wave; mobilization was effected by dry convective mixing of low-level jets associated with the easterly wave. Model simulations show that the aerosol at any one point can be a complicated mixture of particles lifted at different times and different places; bimodal size distributions developed when dust was mobilized within a dust plume that was generated on a previous day.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 45; 2145-217
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    A comparative study of plasma expansion events in the polar wind (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The temporal characteristics of the polar wind have been studied using a simplified set of collisionless equations and a full set of hydrodynamic equations which contained continuity, momentum, and energy equations for H(+), O(+), and electrons, including collisional conductivities and variable isotropic, ion and electron temperatures. The temporal evolution of the polar wind was modeled for initial, extended density depletions of factors of 3, 10, and 100 starting at several altitudes for each model. Comparison of the results from the two models showed the same temporal characteristics for the polar wind densities, flow velocities, and escape fluxes. The characteristics of plasma expansion are presented. It is found that the propagation velocities of the disturbance vary with the level of the depletion.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 36; 753-764
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    A comparison of mapped and measured total ionospheric electron content using global positioning system and beacon satellite observations (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Total ionospheric electron contents (TEC) were measured by global positioning system (GPS) dual-frequency receivers developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The measurements included P-code (precise ranging code) and carrier phase data for six GPS satellites during multiple five-hour observing sessions. A set of these GPS TEC measurements were mapped from the GPS lines of sight to the line of sight of a Faraday beacon satellite by statistically fitting the TEC data to a simple model of the ionosphere. The mapped GPS TEC values were compared with the Faraday rotation measurements. Because GPS transmitter offsets are different for each satellite and because some GPS receiver offsets were uncalibrated, the sums of the satellite and receiver offsets were estimated simultaneously with the TEC in a least squares procedure. The accuracy of this estimation procedure is evaluated indicating that the error of the GPS-determined line of sight TEC can be at or below 1 x 10 to the 16th el/sq cm. Consequently, the current level of accuracy is comparable to the Faraday rotation technique; however, GPS provides superior sky coverage.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Radio Science (ISSN 0048-6604); 23; 483-492
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    A comparison of ozone trends from SME and SBUV satellite observations and model calculations (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Data on monthly ozone abundance trends near the stratopause, observed by the Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UVS) on the SME and by the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument (SBUV) on NIMBUS-7 are presented for June, September, and January of the years 1982-1986. Globally averaged trends determined from the SME data (-0.5 + or - 1.3 percent/yr) were found to fall within model calculations by Rusch and Clancy (1988); the SBUV trends, on the other hand, were found to exceed maximum predicted ozone decreases by a factor of 3 or more. Detailed comparison of the two data sets indicated that an absolute offset of 3 percent/yr accounts for much of the difference between the two trends; the offset is considered to be due to incomplete characterization of the SBUV calibration drift. Both the UVS and SBUV data exhibited similar seasonal and latitudinal variations in ozone trends, which were reproduced by photochemical model calculations that included latitude-dependent NMC temperature trends over the 1982-1986 period.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 15; 776-779
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    A comparison of solar irradiances measured by SBUV, SME, and rockets (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In this paper, Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) measurements of solar irradiance and predictions from the Mg 280-nm index are compared with each other and with coincident Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) and rocket measurements. The SBUV irradiances show a systematic decrease with time not seen in the rocket measurements; a correction for this decrease is introduced. The scatter and overall structure in the SME spectra is 3-5 percent, of the order of or larger than most of the changes predicted by the Mg index. The corrected SBUV ratio and the Mg index prediction for it agree to within 1 percent. Such agreement supports a common origin for variations between solar maximum and minimum and those for individual rotations: the degree to which active regions cover the visible hemisphere of the sun.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 7091-710
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A comparison of the plasma wave spectra for the eight AMPTE chemical releases (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) IRM spacecraft performed a series of eight chemical releases in essentially comparable pairs. There were two lithium releases in the solar wind, two lithium and two barium releases in the near-Earth magnetotail, and two barium releases to simulate artificial comets, one in the solar wind and the other in the magnetosheath. A variety of plasma waves were observed in conjunction with each of the releases. Although there were unique features associated with some of the individual releases, the comparable releases generally produced similar wave emissions. This paper discusses the similarities and differences among the releases.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 10016-10
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the structure of the spermatozoa and spermatogenesis of 16 species of patellid limpet (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Archaeogastropoda) (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 195 (1988), S. 205-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and transmission electron microscopy of the spermatozoa and spermatogenesis of 16 species (in three genera, Patella, Helcion, Cellana) of patellid limpet have shown that head lengths of the sperm range from 3 to 13 μm, and each species has a sperm with a unique morphology, indicating that the spermatozoa can be used as a taxonomic character. Although spermatozoon structure is species specific, five types can be recognized, based on the size, shape, and structure of the nucleus and acrosome. The occurrence of five morphological types of sperm, one of which (Cellana capensis) is particularly different from other patellids, suggests that the taxonomy of the family Patellidae be re-examined. The morphological changes that occur during spermatogenesis are very similar in all species, although two patterns of chromatin condensation are found. Those species with sperm that have short squat nuclei (length:breadth 〈 3.5:1) have a granular pattern of condensation. Species with sperm that have more elongate nuclei (length:breadth 〉 5:1) have an initial granular phase followed by the formation of chromatin fibrils. These fibrils become organized along the long axis of the elongating nucleus. The absence of a manchette suggests that nuclear elongation is brought about from within the nucleus.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051950207
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