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  • 1
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    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The activities of the NASA Geodynamics Program in 1981 both in achieving improved measurement precision and in establishing the foundation for the acquisition and analysis of scientific data are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-85126 , EL-4 , NAS 1.15:85126
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  • 2
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The cesium-vapor scalar and fluxgate vector magnetometers aboard the Magsat spacecraft, which has a twilight, sun-synchronous orbit with a 96.76-deg inclination, have together measured the earth's magnetic field magnitude to accuracies better than 2 nT, and the magnitude of each field component to better than 6 nT. The magnetometers are located at the end of a boom to isolate them from the effects of spacecraft fields, and an optical system was used to measure the attitude of the vector magnetometer and sun sensor at the boom relative to the two star cameras of the main spacecraft structure. The data gathered is available from the National Space Science Data Center in several formats and is currently undergoing analysis. Scalar and vector error budget values are given for the spacecraft's five error sources, which include the instrument, position and time errors, digitization noise, attitude errors, and spacecraft fields.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 9; Apr. 198
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A series of experiments conducted in December 1979 to investigate the structure of plasma depletions in the low latitude, nighttime ionosphere is discussed. Density biteouts of about one order of magnitude in the dominant ion, O(+), are mapped to lower altitudes along magnetic field lines for comparison with 6300-A and 7774-A O I airglow depletions. Owing to the different airglow production mechanisms (dissociative recombination of O2(+) for 6300 A and radiative recombination of O(+) for 7774 A), the 6300-A depletions reflect plasma depletions near the bottomside of the F layer, while those at 7774 A are located near the peak of the layer. The O(+) biteouts map directly into the 7774-A airglow depletions in the same hemisphere and also when traced into the opposite hemisphere, which suggests magnetic flux tube alignment over north-south distances of approximately 2220 km. The 6300-A (bottomside) depletions are found to be wider in longitude than the 7774-A (F-peak) depeletions near the equatorward edge of the Appleton anomaly.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AD-A123689 , AFGL-TR-83-0004 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 87; Dec. 1
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Publication of the magnetic maps in 1880 has made it possible to make the first continuation of the foundations for the Earth's magnetism established by Gauss in the general theory of Earth magnetism. A new calculation based on the maps valid for 1880, makes it possible to express the changes which have occurred over the last 50 years in numbers and only within the liability limits of the maps themselves.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-77058 , NAS 1.15:77058
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: After a historical review of the theory of the Earth's magnetism, the author indicates how the theory may be improved and gives results of his own calculations for the Epoch 1842.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-77100 , NAS 1.15:77100
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The atmospheric and potential climatic aspects of a volcanic eruption were discussed. Measurements and techniques used in collecting the data are summarized.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-SP-458 , NAS 1.26:458 , LC-82-8005
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  • 7
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The goals of the NASA geodynamics program comprise the study of the interior structure and composition of the earth, its crustal motions and deformations, the rotational dynamics, and the terrestrial potential fields. Laser ranging an VLBI techniques are being applied in cooperation with 16 other countries. Reflectors on the moon are illumined with laser beams from earth, which are also bounced off the Lageos and French Starlette satellites, permitting monitoring of polar motion, earth rotation, and distance to the moon within 5 cm. Mobile laser systems are being deployed for developing a gravity field model and examining crustal deformation regionally. The VLBI installations use quasars as reference objects and the GPS satellites will give position accuracy within 1-2 cm. Satellite-to-satellite tracking, Magsat, and Shuttle timing experiment data are providing geopotential field data and timing synchronization.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: 1982 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; Jun 01, 1982 - Jun 04, 1982; Munich
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The temperature dependence of absorption coefficients of ozone was studied between 7567 A and 3630 A. When the gas was cooled from room temperature to -108 C, an overall increase in the absorption coefficients was noticed. The maximum increase of 5% occurred at lambda = 6020 A. In general, the absorption is linearly dependent on temperature.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-169073 , NAS 1.26:169073 , PTR-82-5
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Echo program's use of large sounding rockets to inject electron beams into the outer trapping region where the earth's plasma sheet interacts with the inner magnetosphere is discussed. The beams pass through the plasma sheet and the trapping region, reflect at the southern hemisphere conjugate point and return to the vicinity of the rocket where they are detected and analyzed for acceleration and diffusion processes which may also be responsible for the radiation belts. The motion of electron beams in the magnetosphere is discussed from the standpoint of single particle motion, and the trajectories of electrons injected with known energy, known angle between the electron velocity vector and the local magnetic field vector, and known position are examined. The interaction between the rocket motion and the electron drift motion is described, and the advantages and drawbacks of beam detection by optical methods and by throwaway detectors are compared. Planned Echo experiments using the Space Shuttle are discussed
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 82-1718 , Sounding Rocket Conference; Oct 26, 1982 - Oct 28, 1982; Orlando, FL
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The short campaign of MERIT (a program of international collaboration to Monitor Earth Rotation and Intercompare the Techniques of observation and analysis) was held during the three-month period August to October, 1980. Based on the analysis of polar motion behavior, the possibility of predicting polar motion for a long time interval (1-2 years in advance) with sufficient accuracy has been found. The predicted polar motion can be used for geodetic purposes. It appears that the accuracy of the prediction is high enough for any practical purpose which requires real time polar motion up to an accuracy of approximately 50 cm. This would include applications such as control of space probes. Attention is given to a MERIT data intercomparison based on raw data, and a MERIT data intercomparison after smoothing.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: High-precision earth rotation and earth-moon dynamics: Lunar distances and related observations; May 22, 1981 - May 27, 1981; Alpes-Maritimes; France
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