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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (379)
  • 1975-1979  (379)
  • 1978  (379)
  • 1
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    Stellar map of neolithic man (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Observations made by ancient man are of great interest to present day astronomers. Drawings made by neolithic man in caves show a surprising sense of perspective. The discoveries in the Fern Grotto in California are of special interest. Photographs of cave drawings are included.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-75468
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Planets of the solar system (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Venera and Mariner spacecraft and ground based radio astronomy and spectroscopic observations of the atmosphere and surface of venus are examined. The composition and structural parameters of the atmosphere are discussed as the basis for development of models and theories of the vertical structure of the atmosphere, the greenhouse effect, atmospheric circulation and cloud cover. Recommendations for further meteorological studies are given. Ground based and Pioneer satellite observation data on Jupiter are explored as well as calculations and models of the cloud structure, atmospheric circulation and thermal emission field of Jupiter.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-75299
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  • 3
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    Invited papers presented to a workshop on thermodynamics and kinetics of dust formation in the space medium (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Abstracts of 25 papers relating to condensation processes in the early solar system are presented. Special emphasis is given to the transition of an initial vapor phase in the space medium, the characterization of condensation environments, and condensation processes in the space medium. The question of whether some fraction of the solar system solids (particularly exemplified by meteoritic solids) may be interstellar grains that gathered in the region of the proto-sun, rather than being products of local condensation is addressed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-157824 , LPI-CONTRIB-330 , Sep 06, 1978 - Sep 08, 1978; Houston, TX; United States
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  • 4
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    M2 ocean tide parameters and the deceleration of the moon's mean longitude from satellite orbit data (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An estimation was made of the principal long period spherical harmonic parameters in the representation for the M sub 2 ocean tide from the orbital histories of three satellites - 1967-92A (TRANSIT), Starlette, and GEOS-3. The data used were primarily the evolution of the orbital inclinations of the satellites, with the addition of the longitude of the ascending node from GEOS-3. The results are: (1) C sub 22 superscript + = 3.42 plus or minus 0.24 cm; (2) sub 42 superscript + = 0.97 plus or minus 0.12 cm; (3) epsilon subscript 22 superscript + = 325 D.5 plus or minus 3.D9; (4) epsilon subscript 42 superscript + = 42 = 124D.0 plus or minus 6 D.9. These values agree quite well with recent numerical models and another recent determination from satellite data. The M sub 2 parameters obtained here infer an N of -25 plus or minus 3 arc seconds/century squared, in good agreement with other investigators. The range of current determinations of N is from -24.6 to 27.2 arc second/century squared.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-79571 , Ann. Spring Meeting of Am. Geophysical Union; Apr 17, 1978 - Apr 21, 1978; Miami Beach, FL; United States
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  • 5
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    Research in space physics at the University of Iowa (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Specific fields of current investigation by satellite observation and ground-based radio-astronomical and optical techniques are discussed. Topics include: aspects of energetic particles trapped in the earth's magnetic field and transiently present in the outer magnetosphere and the solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena associated with them; plasma flows in the magnetosphere and the ionospheric effects of particle precipitation, with corresponding studies of the magnetosphere of Jupiter, Saturn, and possibly Uranus; the origin and propagation of very low frequency radio waves in the earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere; solar particle emissions and their interplanetary propagation and acceleration; solar modulation and the heliocentric radial dependence of the intensity of galactic cosmic rays; radio frequency emissions from the quintescent and flaring sun; shock waves in the interplanetary medium; radio emissions from Jupiter; and radio astronomy of pulsars, flare stars, and other stellar sources.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-157235
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  • 6
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    Grain formation in astronomical systems: A critical review of condensation processes (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An analysis is presented of the assumption and the applicability of the three theoretical methods for calculating condensations in cosmic clouds where no pre-existing nuclei exist. The three procedures are: thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, nucleation theory, and a kinetic treatment which would take into account the characteristics of each individual collision. Thermodynamics provide detailed results on the composition temperature and composition of the condensate provided the system attains equilibrium. Because of the cosmic abundance mixture of elements, large supersaturations in some cases and low pressures, equilibrium is not expected in astronomical clouds. Nucleation theory, a combination of thermodynamics and kinetics, has the limitations of each scheme. Kinetics, not requiring equilibrium, avoids nearly all the thermodynamics difficulties but requires detailed knowledge of many reactions which thermodynamics avoids. It appears to be the only valid way to treat grain formation in space. A review of experimental studies is given.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-79542 , Conf. on Protostars and Planets; Nov 01, 1978; Tucson, AZ; United States
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  • 7
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    Survey of some recent stellar-evolution calculations (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The stellar-evolution program developed by Sweigart (1973) was used to compute main sequence turnoff, red giant sequences, and horizontal branch sequences for many values of helium abundance and heavy-element abundance. The immediate aim has been to produce a self-consistent set of evolutionary sequences for wide ranges in the composition and mass. The long-term aim involves application to cluster HR diagrams and the integrated properties of galaxies. Turnoff sequences, red giant sequences, and horizontal branch sequences are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: The HR diagram - The 100th anniversary of Henry Norris Russell; Proceedings of the Symposium; Nov 02, 1977 - Nov 05, 1977; Washington, DC
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Gas in galaxy clusters (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: X-ray, radio, and optical evidence for the existence of a hot intracluster gas in clusters of galaxies is reviewed. X-ray observations of the 6.7-keV emission feature identified with Fe XXV and Fe XXIV line emission are emphasized, and it is noted that the iron abundance in at least three cluster sources is similar and generally within a factor of seven of the solar iron abundance. The interaction of tailed radio galaxies with intracluster gas is examined along with correlations between X-ray luminosity, on the one hand, and cluster morphological type, cluster richness, fraction of spirals, and velocity dispersion, on the other. Implications of the observations for cluster evolution are discussed, and the possibility that galaxies may undergo strong mutual interactions when clusters form is considered together with the notion of coeval galaxy formation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: The large scale structure of the universe; Symposium; Sep 12, 1977 - Sep 16, 1977; Tallin; Soviet Union
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  • 9
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    Infrared, optical, and X-ray properties of the nuclei of nearby galaxies (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper considers nuclear activity of galaxies and models for violent activity and surveys observations that the nucleus of almost every galaxy is able to release energy in many exotic forms. Observations of galaxies characterized by obscured nuclei, powerful infrared sources, or ejection of large gas masses from nuclei are described. It is suggested that, although the nucleus is active for a large fraction of the life of the galaxy, it may, for long periods operate at a low level of activity.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: Structure and properties of nearby galaxies; Proceedings of the Symposium; Aug 22, 1977 - Aug 26, 1977; Bad Muenstereifel
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  • 10
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    Temporal and spatial variations of the interplanetary dust flux (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The heliocentric radial and latitudinal distributions of both small and large meteoritic particles appear to demonstrate that these particles have largely derived from comets in short-period orbits. Asteroids are unlikely to be a major source for the dust. There appears to be a spatial density depletion near the orbit of the earth, indicating significant control by the earth over particles or source bodies that come near it. Although many short-term fluctuations of meteoritic activity are observed, the content of the overall interplanetary meteoritic complex has probably been stable to within a factor of 2 within approximately the last 10,000 yr. This conclusion, together with meteoroid impact-pit and solar-flare track data on lunar rocks, suggests that solar flare activity may have been much higher about 10,000 yr ago than the present average rate.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Space research XVIII; Proceedings of the Open Meetings of the Working Groups on Physical Sciences; Jun 07, 1977 - Jun 18, 1977; Tel Aviv; Israel
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