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  • 1
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    The Soviet-American Conference on Cosmochemistry of the Moon and Planets, Part 2 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The origin and evolution of the solar system is discussed based on ground and satellite observations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-SP-370-PT-2 , LC-75-600013 , Soviet-American Conference on Cosmochemistry of the Moon and Planets; Jun 04, 1974 - Jun 08, 1974; Moscow; Russia
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    X-ray bursts - The maximum mass of a neutron star (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A review of the great variety of observed properties of X-ray burst sources is presented, including the MXB 1730-355, called the rapid burster. Hypotheses regarding the sources of bursts are discussed, and two models for the rapid burster are described. The first postulates that they are caused by a collapsed object with a mass of approximately 10 solar masses surrounded by a disk of gas spiralling inward. The second posits a neutron star with a strong magnetic field. Theoretical questions regarding the mass of neutron stars are discussed, and prerequisites for such research are identified. Various research projects investigating these questions are described.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Mercury; 6; July-Aug
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Contraction of the Orion Nebula cluster-molecular cloud A complex (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Observational evidence is presented in support of the view that the width of the molecular lines in Orion is produced by a contraction of the cloud with a velocity directly proportional to the distance from the cloud center. The main support is provided by close agreement between the motions of the cloud and that of the stars embedded in it. A further implication of this agreement is that star formation occurred throughout the Orion cloud, rather than only in the dense center as predicted by the conventional picture of star formation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 217
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Evolution of the moon: The 1974 model (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The interpretive evolution of the moon can be divided now into seven major stages beginning sometime near the end of the formation of the solar system. These stages and their approximate durations in time are as follows: (1) The Beginning: 4.6 billion years ago, (2) The Melted Shell: 4.6 to 4.4 billion years ago, (3) The Cratered Highlands: 4.4 to 4.1 billion years ago, (4) The Large Basins: 4.1 to 3.9 billion years ago, (5) The Light-colored Plains: 3.9 to 3.8 billion years ago, (6) The Basaltic Maria: 3.8 to 3.0(?) billion years ago, and (7) The Quiet Crust: 3.0(?) billion years ago to the present. The contributions of the Apollo and Luna exploration toward the study of those stages of evolution are reviewed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: The Soviet-Am. Conf. on Cosmochem. of the Moon and Planets, pt. 1; p 63-80
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  • 5
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    On the emission of neutrinos and gravitational waves in the formation of neutron stars (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The various modes in which the energy generated by the formation of a neutron star or black hole due to collapse of a stellar core can appear are investigated, and physical constraints are placed on this energy distribution by noting that neutron stars appear to have been found in at least six X-ray binaries and one binary pulsar. The energy generated by a supernova during the collapse of a stellar core to a neutron star is considered along with the manner in which this energy is distributed in the different modes. It is shown that the gravitational binding energy of a neutron star is converted mostly into kinetic energy of rotation or is emitted as neutrinos, gravitational waves, or both. The energy release through mass ejection and cosmic rays is suggested to be no more than a few percent of the total energy involved. A possible scenario is outlined for the case where the initial rotation velocity of the collapsing core exceeds some critical limit. It is concluded that gravitational radiation will be the ultimate outlet for most of the binding energy in this case.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysics and Space Science; 51; 1, Se; Sept
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  • 6
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    Results of special mechanical analyses of Luna 16 material (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The studies carried out on the Luna 16 regolith have confirmed the data that were already published internationally. By means of activation analysis under irradiation in the reactor, activation analysis with a 14 MeV U-generator, and mass spectroscopy on samples of 10 or 20 mg, six main and 63 trace elements were quantitatively determined and compared with known data.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: The Soviet-Am. Conf. on Cosmochem. of the Moon and Planets, Pt. 2; p 697-702
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  • 7
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    Metal abundance in the Praesepe and Hyades clusters (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Calcium K-line photometry is reported for 27 A-type stars in the Praesepe cluster, and the data obtained are compared with previous K-line observations of Hyades stars. It is found that calcium and other metals are generally overabundant in Praesepe relative to field stars and that there is a considerable scatter in metal-abundance indices. Comparison with the Hyades results indicates that the Praesepe stars are as metal-enriched as the Hyades stars. These results are taken as evidence favoring Eggen's (1960) proposal that the Hyades and Praesepe clusters should be regarded as a single group having, on the average, about a factor-of-two higher metal abundance than solar-neighborhood field stars as well as a high internal dispersion in metal-line strengths. The questions of where and how the Praesepe-Hyades stars acquired their high average metal abundances, K-line strengths, and associated dispersions are briefly considered.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 214
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Exploding stars, pulsars and black holes in space (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Brief factual reviews are provided for supernovae, pulsars and neutron stars, and black holes. Also discussed in general terms are red giants, white dwarfs, quasars and radio galaxies.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-NEWS-RELEASE-77-243 , P77-10242
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  • 9
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    Arguments and evidence concerning non-cosmological redshifts - A partial summary (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Theories which imply an unconventional interpretation of the redshifts are examined, taking into account a new theory of cosmology reported by Segal, scenarios in which the redshifts do not arise from the expansion, and studies concerning a possible existence of systematic effects in the distribution of redshifts. Attention is given to rapidly varying QSOs and BL Lac objects, VLBI studies of a number of QSOs and related objects, and physical associations between objects with very different redshifts. It appears that observational evidence concerning these physical associations is the strongest evidence that objects with large noncosmological redshift components exist. On the other hand, there are a number of cases of QSOs close to galaxies at the same redshifts.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: International Conference on the evolution of the galaxies and its cosmological implications; Sep 08, 1976 - Sep 09, 1976; Paris; France
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  • 10
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    Temperature of solid particles in colloidal plasmas in space (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Lehnert (1970) has investigated the question of the relationship between the kinetic temperature and the internal temperature at which a solid coexists with a plasma in a thermal steady state. The reported investigation is a more refined version of Lehnert's preliminary analysis of this relationship. The electric potential of grains is considered along with the ambient radiation field and the grain temperatures in the thermal steady state. An illustrative calculation is conducted of the grain temperatures in the dense regions of the primordial circumsolar colloidal plasma envelope such as envisioned in the Alfven-Arrhenius model (1976) of the origin of the solar system. It is shown that under certain conditions the solid grains can coexist with the plasma phase up to fairly high plasma densities and temperatures.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 14, 1977 - Mar 18, 1977; Houston, TX
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