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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (41)
  • 1960-1964  (41)
  • 1960  (41)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Combined irradiation-heat processing is shown to be syner-gistic for killing anaerobic bacterial spores inoculated into canned green peas. Following 1·2 megarad of gamma irradiation an F0 of 0·5 sterilized green peas inoculated with either 5,000,000 Clostridium botulinum 213 B or 300 PA 3679 spores per can. This processing schedule must be considered a minimum since it is based on a limited number of cans. Because sterilization by either irradiation or heat alone can damage the organoleptic properties of canned foods, the lowered schedules possible with combined processing may prove to be of value for preserving vegetables as well as meats.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 25-29 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hydrogenase system of Hydrogenomonas facilis could be induced by either hydrogen or deuterium and the rate of deuterium uptake by the induced cells was the same as that of hydrogen.An attempt has been made to detect discriminate use of hydrogen and deuterium by bacteria. No discrimination could be detected during hydrogenation of methylene blue by Escherichia coli, under the experimental conditions.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960) 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 205-214 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen tension in aqueous media of the order of 10-6 to 10-9 molar is measured amperometrically by means of a stationary inert metal electrode. The electrolytic cell is connected into a high resistance bridge circuit, which is energized from a low resistance d.c. source of voltage adjusted to give a potential difference across the cell corresponding to a position on the diffusion current plateau of the first oxygen wave. This cell potential is monitored by means of a vacuum tube millivoltmeter and maintained constant. A vacuum tube millivoltmeter measures the bridge output. The bridge is initially balanced with the medium deoxygenated; subsequent introduction of low concentrations of oxygen dissolved in the medium unbalance the bridge. Either the resulting bridge output voltage, as read on the millivoltmeter, or the resistance change in the bridge arm opposite the cell, is related to the oxygen tension by means of a previous calibration. Both quantities are directly proportional to oxygen concentration, at least over limited ranges of such concentration changes. The method is also applicable to the estimation of other substances which can be discharged under amperometric conditions at a stationary electrode.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A composite of several studies by the authors is presented in an attempt to illustrate the use of the suspension culture method to analyze population dynamics of an animal cell strain. On the basis of these studies the nature of the lag and plateau phases is discussed. More extensive discussions of the various studies in relation to the work of others appear elsewhere.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 299-311 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A system is described which uses photosynthesis to regenerate oxygen from exhaled carbon dioxide in sealed cabins in the absence of gravity. Design considerations as to choice of algal strain, illumination, nutrients and gas-exchange methods are discussed. Details are given of such an apparatus, of laboratory size, used to evaluate selected semipermeable gas-exchange membranes. Data is presented and extrapolated to estimate size and weight of a possible manned space system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 267-285 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fourteen mammalian cell strains were studied in the ‘stirrer culture’. Fair to excellent growth was obtained with twelve of these strains while two strains failed to show evidence of proliferation. Growth curves, maximal population densities, and recovery following subculture of various cell strains, cultivated in this system, were described. Factors effecting the growth of cells under these conditions were outlined. Growth of cells in methods other than the ‘stirrer culture’ were reported. The practical importance of fluid suspension culture of mammalian cells, the potentialities and the problems involved in scaling such cultures to industrial size were discussed.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 313-325 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new strain of cells, designated as PD-MEK-I, and derived from the kidneys of a rhesus monkey embryo, has been isolated and utilized as a prototype for mass propagation in suspended cell cultures, using techniques similar to those developed for antiobiotic fermentations. The use of the large-volume units for cultivation of tissue cells has been applied. These units are useful for preparing masses of cells for studies of cellular antigens, virus assays, antitumour cytotoxicity studies, and other biologically active materials, as well as seed for continuing cultures. In addition, other methods of roller bottle cultures, shaker flask cultures, spinner cultures, and disposable 1-litre prescription bottles, have been modified so that over 35 different human and animal cell lines are being maintained in continuous culture. Any one of these procedures may be modified for preparing and handling large numbers of replicate cultures as well as for maintaining stock seed cultures. The characteristics of growth of cells utilizing these methods are similar to those encountered in microbial populations and the principles of antibiotic fermentation have been applied appropriately.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 327-338 
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pilot plant is described for the mass cultivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus, in vitro, on calf kidney cell monolayers. The pilot plant produces up to 400 litres of virus per week; it can be enlarged with ease to a sufficient capacity to meet any requirements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The submerged propagation of plant tissue and cell cultures has now reached the stage where mass amounts of material can be produced. In discussing these advances, various aspects of the technology involved are discussed: the methods of isolation and establishment of cultures, the media used for culture and their effects on growth, the systems used for growth and a comparison of their effectiveness.Biochemical differences are shown between cultures grown under in vitro conditions and the organ from which they were derived. These differences are found among amino acids, organic acids, nucleic acids, and sugars. The potential use of the tissue culture approach for the study of the biosynthesis of ‘secondary compounds’ such as alkaloids and steroids is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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