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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (125)
  • GEOPHYSICS
  • 1935-1939  (125)
  • 1938  (125)
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  • 1935-1939  (125)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the gonads and gametes in the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 91-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The clam Mya differs from other pelecypods which have been investigated in this respect in having most of the reserve nutritive materials formed within the vacuolated follicle cells of the gonads instead of within the very limited amount of mesenchymatous connective tissue of the visceral mass. The profusely branching tubular gonads originate from two groups of primordial germ cells situated in the position of the future genital apertures. The germinal primordia soon become differentiated into two types of nuclei, one of which becomes associated with the large, vacuolated follicle cells, which form the principal volume of the gonadal tissue, while the other type proliferates to form the primary gonia which become widely scattered along the walls of each alveolus.There is much degeneration and cytolysis during gametogenesis in both sexes, with the accumulation of characteristic inclusions within the follicle cells. Atypical spermatogenesis followed by cytolysis occurs throughout the year but the normal method only in preparation for spawning. No evidence of protandry or change of sex was obtained; only three hermaphrodites were found in the examination of more than 1000 individuals.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620102
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The histogenesis of muscle in the regenerating fore limb of larval Amblystoma punctatumThesis presented to the faculty of Princeton University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy. (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 17-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The regeneration of muscle in larval Amblystoma punctatum is preceded by an extensive dedifferentiation of the old muscles of the limb stump. The process of muscle dedifferentiation consists in a separation of muscle nuclei, surrounded by a small amount of cytoplasm, from the injured ends of the muscle fibers. The dedifferentiation of the cut muscles of the limb stump progresses proximad as far as the origin of the muscles on the humerus and results in a complete transformation of these muscles into undifferentiated cells which appear to contribute to the formation of the regeneration blastema. Shoulder muscles, which were attached to the humerus, also undergo a partial dedifferentiation when their points of insertion on the humerus are destroyed by the degeneration of the perichondrium. These muscles never dedifferentiate, however, for more than one-fourth their original length. The process of dedifferentiation in the shoulder muscles is similar to that found in the cut muscles of the limb stump.The regeneration of the injured muscles occurs in two ways. The shoulder muscles reconstitute themselves by means of terminal and lateral sarcoplasmic buds formed near the distal regions of the muscle fibers. The muscles of the limb proper, distal to the shoulder, differentiate out of local aggregations of blastema cells. No myoblasts were observed.The regeneration blastema arose chiefly from dedifferentiated cells of muscle, nerve connective tissue sheath, perichondrium and cartilage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620201
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphogenesis of the architecture of hip and thigh (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 177-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The original innominate bone consisted of ischiopubis only. From this developed a dorsally-directed ilium, upon which the dorsal limb muscles, originally arising from fascia, settled, and which thrust dorsalward between roots of the limb plexus, thus dividing the nerves into prozonal (dorsal and ventral) and metazonal (dorsal and ventral) groups. The primitive muscles of the tetrapod hip and thigh comprised a dorsal mass, soon divisible into sheets, innervated by both prozonal and metazonal dorsal nerves, and a similar ventral mass comparably innervated. The original two elements thus became four basic elements, and probably in early mammals or mammal-like reptiles all dually innervated muscles split into singly innervated units. With this four-group basis as the chief criterion, but considering other factors as well, it is possible to homologize the muscles of urodeles (ventral components only), lacertilians, mammals, and birds in entirely satisfactory manner, except for doubt in several instances in which specialization has secondarily obscured the precise relationships. In different mammals there is shown a tendency toward a final fusion of certain unrelated muscle units (biceps plus gluteus longus, human type of biceps, adductor magnus, and tensor fasciae femoris with gluteus maximus).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620301
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The early development of the avian embryo. I. Endoderm formation (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 415-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the blastula stage the roof of the subgerminal cavity is composed of an irregular layer of cells, the nuclei of which lie in the upper or middle part of the cytoplasm.On the floor of the subgerminal cavity groups of already degenerating cells occur. They represent the vegetative pole of the blastula. Almost every cell contains glycogen, and mitotic cells show no special orientation.In the gastrula stage the cells of the area pellucida become regularly arranged as a single-layered, cylindrical epithelium with basally situated nuclei.The yolk endoderm cells are formed from the proliferating upper layer of the area opaca.The embryonic endoderm is formed at the posterior end of the area pellucida by outgrowth of single cells from a circumscribed area, the primitive plate.This plate eventually bends inward to form a typical archenteric canal, through which endoderm continues to invaginate from the epiblast.The endoderm spreads in a cranial and lateral direction until it has formed a complete layer.The epiblast cells lose their glycogen as they invaginate to form endoderm, which is free of glycogen.In the area opaca the upper layer and the yolk endoderm contain glycogen.The mitotic cells of the epiblast of the area pellucida are always orientated horizontally, but in the primitive plate and archenteric canal they are orientated vertically as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The morphology of the aortic arches in four genera of plethodontid salamanders (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 62 (1938), S. 559-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The larval, metamorphosing and definitive aortic arches of Desmognathus fuscus, Plethodon cinereus, Eurycea bislineata, and Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, described in this paper, were investigated because it was thought possible that, if the fourth or pulmonary arch failed to develop in these lungless forms, a new factor associated with the loss of lungs might be revealed.The salient points of structure disclosed, so far as the problem involved is concerned, are: D. fuscus and P. cinereus develop fourth arches which remain functional in the larvae and adults and supply the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach and skin of the shoulder region. In some instances the fourth arch in the larvae of P. cinereus is reduced in length or entirely lacking in which cases correspondingly less of the fourth arch and more of the third arch is present in the adult. E. bislineata and undoubtedly G. porphyriticus fail to develop fourth arches and hence do not possess these in either the larval or adult states.It is concluded, therefore, that the failure of the fourth arch to develop has evidently not been a factor involved in the advent of lunglessness in plethodontid salamanders. Also, the fact that E. bislineata never develops a fourth arch, yet is able to transform, furnishes additional evidence against Figge's view that Necturus fails to metamorphose because the ventral portion of the fourth arch is absent.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050620308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 63 (1938) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050630101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Notes on the brain case of a therocephalian (1938)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 63 (1938), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study is based on serial sections of the occipital and otic regions of a therocephalian from the Tapinocephalus zone. The occipital region as preserved consists of the basioccipitals and exoccipitals. The basioccipital is long and slender and is separated from the more anterior basisphenoid by an unossified zone. The exoccipitals are large and contain a part of the jugular foramen and two foramina for cranial nerve XII.The otic bones are fused together to form a periotic. The most striking feature of the inner ear is the medioventral position of the vestibule. Passing back into the periotic from the vestibule is a deep recessus scala tympani. This recess opens anteriorly into a ventral fenestra in the vestibule, the fenestra rotunda. These structures are similar to those of Dimetrodon and the gorgonopsian.The anterior part of the periotic is projected ventrally to form a basicranial process. This probably arose by intramembranous ossification. The unossified zone between the basioccipital and basisphenoid may represent a persistent basicranial fenestra.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050630104
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