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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (728)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (100)
  • Elasticity  (2)
  • 1930-1934  (830)
  • 1934  (830)
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  • 1930-1934  (830)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of the ovary in the grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae; orthoptera)The author is indebted to the National Research Council for a Fellowship during the year 1929-1930 during which the work herein described was partially completed; also, to the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, for facilities for work during the summer of 1930. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 515-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Each indifferent genital rudiment in the grasshopper embryo is composed of the following: (1) a terminal filament membrane; (2) an epithelial plate of indifferent cells, the dorsal cell mass; (3) the central cell mass containing germ and indifferent cells; (4) the ventral cell strand, and, (5) a delicate, investing membrane, the outer limiting membrane. It is roughly spindle-shaped in transverse section and extends from the first to the eighth abdominal segments.In the sexual differentiation of the genital rudiment the dorsal cell mass is retained as a definite embryonic rudiment in the female, but becomes an indistinguishable part of the central cell mass in the male.Ovarian development is initiated in the dorsal cell mass area, where cell aggregations are formed. Each aggregation is ultimately surrounded by the ingrowing outer limiting membrane to form distinct cellular columns. A latero-ventrad extension of this ingrowing process into the central cell mass continues the column formation process into the latter and results in the formation of a distally tapering structure composed of indifferent cells distad and germ cells and indifferent cells proximad. This structure constitutes the rudimentary ovariole which finally differentiates to form the terminal filament, germarium, and vitellarium.The ovarian portion of the oviduct and the tubular connection between the ovariole and oviduct are differentiated from the ventral cell strand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mesodermal relations of the pars buccalis of the hypophysis in the duck (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 611-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper describes the cellular relations between the prechordal mesoderm and the hypophyseal analage in duck embryos from the first to the eighth day of incubation.At nineteen somites the ectoderm destined to form hypophysis is seen as a plate of cells lying under the mesodermal mass anterior to the notochord. It extends anteriorly in intimate contact with the base of the forebrain, and posteriorly for about the same distance to the oral membrane. Following the lateral growth of the prechordal mesoderm and the rapid overgrowth of the forebrain, Rathke's pouch is definitely outlined. The upward expansion of the pouch, concomitant with the lagging of some of the prechordal mesoderm in the midline, effects a very close relation between these cells and those at the tip of the pouch. With the lateral expansion of the premandibular head cavities, some of the mesoderm adheres to walls of Rathke's pouch in the form of rods or knobs. As development proceeds the inherent growth tendencies of ectoderm and mesoderm express themselves differently and the rods or knobs become constricted off from the pouch, forming in its vicinity vesicles which exhibit a definite lumen.The question of an entodermal contribution to the hypophysis in this form is briefly considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550309
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of chitin in an insect (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: By treating the clean skeletal tissue of an insect with concentrated KOH at 160° C., the contained chitin is converted to chitosan, and all pigmentation and admixtures are removed. The per cent distribution of chitin, expressed as chitosan, in the exoskeleton of the cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa, ranges from 37.65 in the dorsal abdomen to 18.22 in the hindwings. Other regions contain the following per cents: ventral abdomen, 37.11; metathoracic legs, 35.55; mesothoracic legs, 33.28; prothoracic legs, 32.24; pronotum, 31.55; head, 31.07; genitalia, 29.28; dorsal thorax, 29.07; ventral thorax, 28.33; antennae, 27.77; cerci, 25.65; and forewings, 19.99. Regional variations are constant in different individuals of the same species. The crop and gizzard contain 18.69 per cent; the hindgut, 18.15 per cent. The remainder of the alimentary tract contains no chitin. Traces of chitin are found in the trachea. No chitin is found in the egg-cases of this species. No correlation between chitin content and pigmentation or hardness is shown. Based on results from three trials, using thirty insects, the per cent of chitosan in the clean, dry chitinous material from the entire animal is 29.60; the per cent of chitosan based on the weight of the live animal averages 2.01.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the spermatozoon of the fowl, with particular reference to osmiophilic bodies in the sperm head (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 325-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to learn something of the nature of the bead-like bodies which occur in the head of the sperm of the fowl since it was found in a previous study that they are apparently affected in a characteristic manner by vitamin E deficiency.Staining tests indicate that these bodies are composed of fats and fatty acids since they respond to osmic acid and Nile blue sulphate. They are also impregnated with silver nitrate and hence may be associated with the so-called Golgi materials of the cell.The beads first appear as a complete single row but subsequently they undergo fragmentation and redistribution. The whole process is probably a final transitory step in sperm transformation.The presence of this fatty material may signify that the sperm of the fowl, in contrast to that of most other animals, carries a store of food material to support its activity after liberation. The sperm may also be the carrier of a definite amount of vitamin E. Furthermore, the presence of this material may offer an explanation of the high resistance of the testis of the fowl to vitamin E deficiency because, since this vitamin is fat soluble, the testis as a whole would probably receive a disproportionately large share of the vitamin E stores of the individual.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cytological study on the liver of the rat, with special reference to the ‘intracellular blood canaliculi,’ inter- and intracellular bile canaliculi, mitochondria and Golgi apparatus (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 407-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In sections from livers injected through the vascular system with Carter's carminegelatin or Berlin-blue gelatin masses at known, constant pressures, many cells were observed to contain ovoid or spherical bodies of the colored injection masses, similar to those described by Schäfer and his students, Herring and Simpson, as intracellular blood canaliculi.' In these livers practically all the cells were vacuolated. However, with livers injected with Berlin-blue gelatin mass dissolved in Locke's solution instead of distilled water, there were no intracellular masses and the cells appeared normal, though the sinusoids were completely filled with injection mass. The so-called ‘intracellular blood canaliculi’ described by Schäfer are interpreted as artefacts produced by a combination of factors, the most important of which is the difference in osmotic pressure. This is produced by the hypotonicity of the injection masses that are usually used, augmented perhaps by the effect of mechanical pressure used in administering the injection mass.Following impregnation of liver tissue by Golgi's rapid method, the usual network of intercellular bile canaliculi was revealed, but the presence of a permanent system of intracellular canaliculi was not observed. A few short, knobbed intracellular projections from the intercellular bile canaliculi were noticed; these probably represent the passage of secretion material into the intercellular bile canaliculi at the moment of excretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early development in some sciuridaeContribution no. 234 from the Zoölogical Laboratory of Indiana University. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Doctor of Philosophy, in the Department of Zoölogy in the Graduate School of Indiana University. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 477-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The early developmental history of Sciuridae (squirrel family), from the ovarian egg to the establishment of the germ layers, was studied in fixed material comprising ova and embryos from six species of five genera. No significant differences were noted in the major processes of development in the six species. Continuous diminution in the size of the ova occurs from the beginning of follicular vesiculation up to the early blastocyst stages. Corpora haemorrhagica are present in most of the recently ruptured follicles of all the species.Cleavage is regular, though adequal, up to the eight-cell stage, the blastomeres clustering into a compact mass. There is desquamation of cellular material from the periphery of the ovum between morula and blastocyst stages. At the same time cells within the blastocyst degenerate to add to the cavity originally formed by confluence of intercellular spaces. The cavity forms among the inner cells, an inner cell mass being left at one pole and an anti-embryonic mass at the other. The anti-embryonic cells produce much of the yolk-sac entoderm and contribute to the implantation mass. The latter mass forms a temporary attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine mucosa in these species. The definitive entoderm arises by migration and delamination of certain of the inner cell mass cells. A transitory notochordal canal, passing in a vertical plane through Hensen's node, is strongly suggested.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the arterial system of the common Indian rat-snake, Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 533-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The arterial system of Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) reveals the following interesting features: (1) A prominent diverticulum given off from the inner antero-dorsal edge of the left auricle. (2) Ridge-like continuation of the median hanging valve of the sinus venosus lining the ventral edge of the opening of the right precaval vein. (3) Guarding of the opening of the pulmonary vein by a portion of the inter-auricular septum abutting against it. (4) Presence of two longitudinal trunks on either side of the hepatic portal vein formed by the hepatic branches of the hepato-oesophageal arteries, which, uniting with one another, form a peculiar arrangement looking almost like a looped chain. (5) A complete arterial circuit in the female formed by the combination of the genital, supra-renal, and the anterior-most renal arteries of either side. (6) Chain-like arrangement formed by the alternate bifurcation and union of the posterior-most part of the longitudinal fat-body artery and also by its lateral branches, which unite with it here and there after giving off twigs to the fat bodies. (7) A pair of small arteries (or in some cases only one) called ‘arteria complexa’ which take their origin from the dorsal aorta opposite the openings of the iliac veins into the afferent renals.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560306
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The developmental anatomy of male genitalia in Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae) orthoptera) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 577-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An investigation has been conducted to ascertain the relationship of certain structures in the embryo of the grasshopper known as Melanoplus differentialis with reproductive organs in the adult male.The order of development of these structures was traced through the entire life history.It was determined that they are the rudiments of certain reproductive organs and that the knowledge obtained serves as an aid in more accurately classifying insects.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The segregation of the germ cells in the grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae; orthoptera)Much of the work outlined in this paper was completed during the year 1929-1930 while the writer was a National Research Fellow in biology. I am indebted to the National Research Council for this courtesy. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 545-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The segregation of the germ cells is related in time and differentiation to the ectoderm (ventral plate), the inner germ-band layer (lower layer) and the mesenteron (entoderm) rudiments. The inner germ-band layer is formed by invagination of cells from a median blastoporic groove and by cellular proliferations among the invaginating cells and from the median line of the ectoderm immediately caudad of the blastoporic groove. The mesenteron material is derived from inner germ-band layer material associated with the internal ends of the stomodaeum and proctodaeum. The germ cells are segregated from the lateral margins of the abdominal lobe ectoderm in the region of the amnion attachment as segmentation of the abdominal lobe is initiated. They ultimately become separated from the ectoderm cells of the lateral wall and from the amnion and migrate in a passive manner onto the coelomic sacs where they become associated with the inner walls of the sacs. When the coelomic sacs unite the germ cells and the splanchnic wall mesoderm cells form two continuous cell strands from the first to the eighth abdominal segments, inclusive. These strands form the indifferent genital rudiments. An endeavor is made to correlate the segregation of the germ cells in the grasshopper with that of various other insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550306
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560101
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