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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (35)
  • Animals
  • 1940-1944
  • 1925-1929  (35)
  • 1928  (35)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1940-1944
  • 1925-1929  (35)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450101
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of certain physical and chemical factors on locomotion and others life-processes in Amoeba proteusThis investigation was suggested by Prof. S. O. Mast and carried out under his direction. He has also furnished valuable aid in the presentation of the results. For these favors, I am greatly indebted to him. (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 97-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Amoeba proteus was raised in a modified and diluted Ringer solution. When the pH of this culture medium became less than 6.0, the normal activities of the amoebae were interfered with; and when a still lower pH was attained, the amoebae died off. The same was true when the pH became greater than 8.0. At neutrality the activities were subnormal, very dark, and rounded. The rate of locomotion of amoebae raised in solutions with a pH less than 7.0 showed a maximum rate of locomotion at pH 6.6, which decreased as the pH changed in either direction, dropping to a very low rate at pH 7.0 and above and also below 6.0. For amoebae raised at a pH above 7.0 the rate was maximum at pH 7.6 and decreased as the pH changed in either direction; it was low at pH 7.0 and below and also above 8.0.On increasing the external osmotic pressure of the medium it was found that the effects caused varied somewhat with the hydrogen-ion concentration. Small increases in osmotic pressure decreased the rate from the normal at pH 6.0 and 8.0, increased it at pH 6.6 and 7.6, and did not affect it at pH 7.0. Osmotic pressures above that produced by M/20 lactose caused locomotion to cease in a short time at all pH values.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cranial musculature of the toadfish (Opsanus tau) (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 209-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The highly specialized cranial musculature of the toadfish is characterized by the following features: 1Absence of intermandibularis and branchiomandibularis muscles.2Presence of levator premaxillaris muscle.3Very large branchial chamber, the outer wall of which is formed by seven branchiostegal rays connected by a strong fascia provided with muscles (oblique levators and adductors).4Highly developed masticator muscles (adductor mandibularis and pterygoids).5The rectus abdominis, sternohyoid, and hyohyoid muscles are attached by a median aponeurosis to the hyoid and basibranchial elements and directly to the hypobranchial cartilages; this muscle complex depresses the buccal floor in opposition to the geniohyoid.6The pelvic fins are in the jugular position.7Two narrow muscles connect the cleithrum with the fourth ceratobranchial.8The cranial musculature is obviously adapted to a carnivorous habit and particularly for increasing respiratory capacity under asphyxial conditions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiral movement in man (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 293-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Blindfolded persons walk, run, swim, row, and drive automobiles in clock-spring spiral paths of greater or less regularity when attempting a straightaway. The spirals turn either right or left in one and the same individual, and may do so even in one experiment. But either right or left turns predominate in the great majority of individuals, often to a high degree. The paths show marked individuality, and there is some ground for thinking there exists a correlation between temperamental differences and general character of path.The mechanism which produces the spiral path is not located in the locomotor organs, but in the central nervous system and is probably identical essentially with the spiral mechanism in other motile organisms, all of which move in spiral paths when there are no guiding senses to direct the path. The clock-spring spiral in man is interpreted as the expression in two dimensions of space of a helical spiral mechanism which seems to exist in all motile organisms moving in three dimensions of space and in amebas which move in two dimensions. In a large number of lower organisms the number of body lengths per spiral turn is almost constant, being about 4.5. The smallest regular swimming spirals in man are very close to this value, but the smallest regular walking spirals are somewhat larger. The fundamental spiral mechanism seems to be of molecular dimensions, and there seems to exist a demonstrable locomotor bilateral asymmetry in very nearly, if not quite, all organisms.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The anatomy and life-history of a freshwater mollusk of the genus sphaeriumContributions from the Zoölogical Laboratory of the University of Illinois, no. 317. (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 473-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A detailed study has been made of the anatomy of one of the fingernail shells, and preliminary observations on the life-history have been carried out. In its general organization Sphaerium notatum is very similar to the larger fresh-water lamellibranchs. A gastric shield, crystalline style, and style sac, very similar to those found in the stomach and intestine of Lampsilis, are present. A pair of slender muscles extending from the dorsal side of the body into the gills, and evidently not previously described, have been found. The nervous system consists of the typical three pairs of lamellibranchiate ganglia, with their connectives, accessory ganglia, and nerve fibers. Particular study was given to the statocysts and osphradia, and attention is called to the fact that the function commonly ascribed to the osphradia is incompatible with their position in the roof of the cloacal chamber.S. notatum, like all the Sphaeriidae, is hermaphroditic and viviparous. The gonads are paired racemose glands lying behind and below the stomach. The sperm-producing follicles form the anterior portion of each gonad and are somewhat smaller and more numerous than the ova-producing follicles which form the posterior portion. The young pass through the early stages of development in brood pouches in the gills and are expelled as relatively enormous individuals.Preliminary observations on the life-history indicate that reproduction reaches its height in the summer and that fertilization probably takes place during the late summer and fall.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450204
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental factors in teleost hybrids. I. The early mitotic behavior in the cross between menidia menidia notata ♀ and Prionotus carolinus ♂ (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 579-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: When Menidia eggs are fertilized with Prionotus sperm, the Prionotus chromosomes react in the Menidia cytoplasmic medium just as they do in the cytoplasm of Fundulus eggs. There is lagging, non-disjunction, and elimination of chromosomes during the early cell divisions. The mitotic behavior of the Prionotus sperm in the Menidia egg also resembles the behavior of the sperm of Ctenolabrus in the same medium. This behavior which was expected from what was known concerning the mitotic behavior of the reciprocal crosses between Menidia and Fundulus and between Ctenolabrus and Prionotus and other intercrosses between the members of these two groups is regarded as a function of the physical state of the egg cytoplasm during the division phase of mitosis. This physical character forms the earliest differential factor in the development of these hybrids and shows no correlation with the width of the cross.A comparison of nine teleost crosses, in which both the development and the early mitotic behavior are known, with a rough numerical estimate of the width of the cross brought out the fact that development is most successful in crosses between nearly related species if mitosis is normal and in distantly related crosses if mitosis is abnormal. This indicates that nuclear relationship is also a factor in the development of hybrids.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450208
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of paramecia in pure cultures of pathogenic bacteria and in the presence of soluble products of such bacteriaSubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the University of Missouri. (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 46 (1928), S. 85-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Virulent hay-infusion cultures of Bacillus pyocyaneus are toxic to pure-line races of three species of paramecia, but these races may acquire a tolerance for this toxic agent. Races with acquired tolerance have been grown for long periods of time in toxic, pure cultures of B. pyocyaneus by means of the daily-isolation culture method, and here the average division rate is as high as, or higher than, in the chance-mixed bacterial cultures in which these protozoa are usually maintained in the laboratory. The tolerance is lost, however, when the paramecia are removed from the toxic cultures and grown for a number of generations in cultures of non-toxic bacteria.The toxic agent that is lethal to paramecía is probably the soluble toxin of B. pyocyaneus. The investigation shows that the agent is soluble and either thermolabile or volatile. It also shows that all deleterious substances, other than the soluble toxin, known to be produced in cultures of this bacillus, are non-lethal to paramecia.Hay-infusion cultures of Bacillus enteritidis were lethal to paramecia. All attempts to develop tolerance in paramecia for the toxic agent in these cultures failed.Under the experimental conditions that prevailed, diphtheria toxin was found to have no appreciable effect upon the division rate or death rate in three species of paramecia.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050460104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the fat-body in Hymenoptera (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 121-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An histological and cytological study of the postembryonic history of the fat-body in Pteronidea ribesi (Scopoli) and Diphadnus appendiculata (Hartig) (both Tenthredinidae) and in Macrocentrus ancylivora Rohwer (Ichneumonidae).The two principal components of the fat-body are the urate-storing excretory cells and the fat-cells.The development and behavior of the excretory cells, especially during the metamorphosis, are described, and in Pteronidea their origin is traced to leucocytes which have become associated with the fat-cells.In the albuminoid inclusions found in the fat-cells two types of substance are distinguished: (a) a basophile material, of nuclear origin, which appears only during the metamorphosis; (b) an acidophile material which appears already during the early larval stages in Macrocentrus, but in Pteronidea is formed only during the metamorphosis and in association with the basophile material. It is thus found that albuminoids formed slowly during larval life may exist from the beginning in the form of acidophile spheres, as occurs in Macrocentrus. But those formed rapidly during the metamorphosis, in all the forms studied, are formed in association with a basophile material derived from the nucleus.The significance of intracellular changes during the metamorphosis is discussed, and the final disposition of the cell inclusions as well as of the fat-cells themselves is described.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the tonsillar developments in the lingual region of anurans (1928)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 45 (1928), S. 399-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this study the problem of the tonsil is considered in anurans. The common toad (family Bufonidae) is used as the type, and representative species of the other families are compared.In each species representative stages beginning before transformation were selected, and the lingual region of each was sectioned. Some thyroid-fed toad tadpoles which had prematurely transformed were examined. The investigations led to the following conclusions: 1Accumulations of lymphocytes occur in all the families except Hylidae.2A pair of tonsils located on either side of the tongue appear before transformation in Bufo, and persist, increasing in size through old age.3This pair has its developmental origin at or near the cephalic end of pouch II. In no other species examined do the tonsils appear as early; in almost all forms the accumulations are inconstant in occurrence, as are also some in Bufo.4The cells of the ‘tonsils’ are lymphocytes of varying sizes. They arise from the mesenchyme; later their accumulations become sites of lymphopoiesis.5This type of lympho-epithelial mass is simple in structure and has a greatly thickened epithelium, due to extensive infiltration by lymphocytes. In the connective tissue the vascular supply is abundant.6The differentiation of lymphocytes may be due to a factor of strain, arising through adjustments made during metamorphosis.7Thyroid-fed toad tadpoles transform, apparently without developing tonsils.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050450202
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