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  • 1
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    Springer
    In:  In: World Atlas of Submarine Gas Hydrates in Continental Margins. , ed. by Mienert, J., Berndt, C. 〈https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-0180〉, Tréhu, A. M., Camerlenghi, A. and Liu, C. S. Springer, Cham, pp. 451-461.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-06
    Description: The Black Sea has undergone several limnic and marine stages due to fluctuations in the global sea level. The exchange of saline water from the Mediterranean Sea to the Black Sea through the Bosporus Strait was interrupted when the sea level dropped below the Bosporus sill. This induced limnic conditions, while marine conditions were established after the reconnection to saline Mediterranean seawater. Extended river fan systems developed during sea level low-stands, providing large amounts of organic material being buried by rapid sedimentation on the slopes of the Black Sea margins. The biogenic degradation of this material produces most of the methane gas expelled into the anoxic water column today. This largely happens by ubiquitous cold vents at ~700 m water depth (i.e. at the stability boundary of methane hydrates) and by mud volcanoes in ~2000 m water depth. A significant amount of gas is expected to accumulate in the sediment within the methane hydrate stability zone. However, bottom-simulating reflectors, the seismic indicator for gas hydrates, are not found everywhere along the margin. Recent analyses of the Danube and Dniepr fans have revealed a discontinuous gas hydrate formation in an area with no active seeps, while areas of active seepage located in the vicinity of BSR reflections held no gas hydrates. In addition, the ongoing diffusion of salt into the uppermost Black Sea sediment pore space since the last glacial maximum further reduces the volume of the gas hydrate stability zone. Estimates of the total amount of gas stored in gas hydrates therefore require a detailed structural analysis prior to regional- or basin-scale modelling attempts.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 2
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    Springer
    In:  In: World Atlas of Submarine Gas Hydrates in Continental Margins. , ed. by Mienert, J., Berndt, C. 〈https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-0180〉, Tréhu, A. M., Camerlenghi, A. and Liu, C. S. Springer, Cham, pp. 73-85.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-20
    Description: Marine electromagnetic methods provide useful and independent measures for the identification and quantification of submarine gas hydrates. The resistivity of seafloor sediments, drawn from area-wide electromagnetic data, mainly depends on the sediment porosity and the nature of the pore fluid. Gas hydrates and free gas are both electrically resistive. The replacement of saline water, thus conductive pore water with resistive gas hydrate or free gas, increases the sediment resistivity and can be used to provide accurate saturation estimates if the background lithology is known. While seismic methods are predominantly used to study the distribution of submarine gas hydrates, a growing number of global field studies have demonstrated that the joint interpretation of marine seismic and electromagnetic methods improves the evaluation of submarine gas hydrate targets. This article discusses the relationship between resistivity and free gas/gas hydrate saturation levels, how the resistivity of the sediment may be measured and summarizes the status and results of current and past field studies.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
    In:  GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-21
    Description: 15.01.2022 – 15.02.2022, Guayaquil (Ecuador) – Valparaiso (Chile)
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Wissenschaftsrat
    In:  Wissenschaftsrat, Köln, Germany, 132 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-28
    Description: Das wissenschaftliche Publizieren hat im Zuge der Digitalisierung große Veränderungen erfahren. Angetrieben von der wissenschaftlichen Community ist in den letzten zwanzig Jahren nicht zuletzt die Umstellung auf einen offenen Zu-gang zu Forschungsergebnissen (Open Access) vorangeschritten, auch wenn sie noch keineswegs flächendeckend erfolgt ist. Wenn von der „Transformation“ des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens die Rede ist, so ist deshalb häufig primär die Umstellung der hinter der Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Publikationen stehenden Geschäftsmodelle gemeint, die darin besteht, für das Publizieren statt für den Lesezugriff zu zahlen. Dieser Paradigmenwechsel verändert die Finanzströme und die Rollen der Akteure im wissenschaftlichen Publikationssystem grundlegend. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich der Wissenschaftsrat mit der Transformation des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens zu Open Access befasst. In den Empfehlungen wird das Ziel der unmittelbaren und dauerhaften offenen Zugänglichkeit von wissenschaftlichen Publikationen genauer umschrieben. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen dazu gezogen, welche institutionellen und finanziellen Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden müssen, um dieses Ziel zu erreichen. Der Wissenschaftsrat richtet sich mit diesen Empfehlungen sowohl an die Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, die wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen, ihre Leitungen und die Forschungsförderorganisationen als auch an die Bibliotheken, deren Aufgaben und Selbstverständnis sich durch die Transformation erheblich verändern. Mit dem vorliegenden Papier möchte der Wissenschaftsrat dazu beitragen, dass diese Transformation zügig voranschreitet und dabei die Leistungsfähigkeit des Publikationssystems für Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft gesteigert wird. Angesichts der ständigen Weiterentwicklung von Publikationen als digitale Objekte ist es weiterhin die Absicht des Wissenschaftsrats, das Publikationssystem mit seinen Vorschlägen für weitere, derzeit noch nicht absehbare Veränderun-gen offen zu halten. Zur Vorbereitung dieser Empfehlungen hat der Wissenschaftsrat eine Arbeitsgruppe eingesetzt, die im April 2020 ihre Arbeit im virtuellen Raum aufgenommen hat. In ihr haben auch Sachverständige mitgewirkt, die nicht Mitglieder des Wissenschaftsrats sind. Ihnen weiß sich der Wissenschaftsrat zu besonderem Dank verpflichtet. Ebenso dankt der Wissenschaftsrat weiteren Sachverständigen, die den Beratungsprozess im Rahmen von Expertengesprächen und mit Hintergrundinformationen konstruktiv unterstützt haben. Besonderer Dank gilt außerdem der Zentralbibliothek des Forschungszentrums Jülich sowie der Max Planck Digital Library für die Unterstützung mit Daten und Analysen. Der Wissenschaftsrat hat die Empfehlungen zur Transformation des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens zu Open Access am 21. Januar 2022 verabschiedet.
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  • 5
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    In:  UNSPECIFIED, 5 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Fahrtabschnitt 24.01. – 30.01.2022
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The opening of the North Atlantic about 56 My ago was associated with the emplacement of the North Atlantic Igneous Province, including the deposition of voluminous extrusive basaltic successions and intrusion of magma into the surrounding sedimentary basins. The mid-Norwegian Margin is a global type example of such volcanic rifted margins and is well suited for scientific drilling with its thin sediment cover and good data coverage. During International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 396, 21 boreholes were drilled at 10 sites in five different geological settings on this volcanic margin. The boreholes sampled a multitude of igneous and sedimentary settings ranging from lava flow fields to hydrothermal vent complexes, along with thick successions of upper Paleocene and lower Eocene strata. A comprehensive suite of wireline logs was collected in eight boreholes. The main goals of the expedition were to provide constraints for geodynamic models to test different hypotheses that can explain the rapid emplacement of large igneous provinces and the hypothesis that the associated Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum was caused by hydrothermal release of carbon in response to magmatic intrusions. Successful drilling, combined with high core recovery of target intervals of all nine primary sites and one additional alternate site, should allow us to achieve these goals during postcruise work.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
    In:  Alkor-Berichte, AL553 . GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 17 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Description: April 15th – April 24th 2021 Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany) BALTIC APRIL 2021
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
    In:  GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-02-07
    Description: 15.01.2022 – 15.02.2022, Guayaquil (Ecuador) – Valparaiso (Chile)
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
    In:  GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2022-02-07
    Description: 15.01.2022 – 15.02.2022, Guayaquil (Ecuador) – Valparaiso (Chile)
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
    Publication Date: 2022-02-16
    Description: 15.01.2022 – 15.02.2022, Guayaquil (Ecuador) – Valparaiso (Chile)
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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