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  • Springer  (13,692)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1955-1959  (13,692)
  • 1958  (13,692)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 20 (1958), S. 71-93 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A somewhat different approach to the principle of biotopological mapping, discussed in previous publications, is given. The organism is considered as a set of properties, each of which is in its turn a set of numerous subproperties which are logically included in the corresponding properties. Topology is introduced by an appropriate definition of neighborhoods, and four postulates are stated which concern the mapping of the spaces corresponding to higher organisms on those of lower ones. A number of conclusions are drawn from the postulates. Some of them correspond to well-known facts. For example, in man and some higher organisms appropriate emotional stimuli should produce gastrointestinal or cardiovascular disturbances; or some microorganisms should produce substances harmful to other microorganisms (antibiotics). Some other conclusions are still awaiting verification. One of them is, for example, that there must exist unicellular organisms which produce antibodies to appropriate antigens.
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  • 2
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    Bulletin of mathematical biology 20 (1958), S. 25-32 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Für die Praxis der Pflanzenernährung ist es wichtig, zu wissen, in welcher Weise die Ertragsbildung von der Konzentration eines mineralischen Nährstoffes in der Umgebung der Pflanze abhängt. Da nur diejenigen Nährstoffmengen das physiologische Geschehen in der Pflanze unmittelbar zu beeinflussen vermögen, die sich in der Pflanze befinden, wird angenommen, dass das Wachstum zum Zeitpunktt, d.h. die Geschwindigkeit der Trockensubstanzzunahme zu diesem Zeitpunkt, eine Funktion der zur Zeitt in der Pflanze enthaltenen Nährstoffmenge ist. Diese Nährstoffmenge wird natürlich im Intervall vor dem Zeitpunktt aufgenommen. Deshalb und auch noch aus anderen Gründen hängt das Wachstum zur Zeitt davon ab, wie die in der Umgebung der Pflanze herrschende Konzentration des betrachteten Nährstoffes in demjenigen Zeitintervall verläuft, das sich von der Aussaat bis zum Zeitpunktt erstreckt. Die angegebene Annahme fürhrt zusammen mit einigen weiteren naheliegenden Annahmen zu einem Ansatz, der Ergebnisse liefert, die in verschiedener Hinsicht gut mit der Erfahrung übereinstimmen. Jedoch gibt es auch noch Widersprüche zwischen Theorie und Erfahrung. Durch weitere Ausgestaltung der Theorie lassen sich diese Widersprüche beseitigen. Es wird angeregt, Versuche durchzuführen, deren Resultate Hinweise für die weitere Ausgestaltung der Theorie liefern.
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  • 3
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    Bulletin of mathematical biology 20 (1958), S. 33-70 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of cell multiplication and differentiation in tissues in asteady state and the kinetics of isotope incorporation into the DNA have been theoretically analyzed. Equations have been derived, with the aid of which thegeneration time, thelife span, and the distribution or rate of death of the cells can be obtained if the tissue is in asteady state, i.e., if the number of cells is maintained constant by constant, equal rates of cell division and cell death and if the mean DNA content per cell is also constant. An equation has also been derived which gives thegeneration time in the case of logarithmic multiplication of cells. Two special cases have been analyzed: InCase 1, the isotope is considered as being introduced into the metabolic system at zero time only; inCase 2, the specific activity of the DNA precursor is considered as being maintained constant. The use of the method has been illustrated by an example in which thegeneration time and themean, themedian, and themode life span, as well as the curve of the rate of death of leukocytes in a patient with chronic leukemic granulocytic leukemia, have been obtained from the rate of P32 incorporation into the DNA. The merits and the limitations of the method are discussed.
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  • 4
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    Bulletin of mathematical biology 20 (1958), S. 95-95 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
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  • 5
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    Bulletin of mathematical biology 20 (1958), S. 1-23 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract To account for some of the more important aspects of drug interaction we shall consider a model which can also account for certain general properties of the action of a single drug. A simple model in which there may be enzymatic detoxification of a drug is studied theoretically. The relation between time for appearance of an effect due to the drug and the size of the dose is found to contain the same parameters as the relation between the effectiveness of paired doses and the interval of time between doses. A similar situation holds when the drug is given at a constant rate. When two drugs are administered together, their effect will depend on the manner of interaction, how much of each drug is given, which is given first, and on the interval of time between each administration. A number of plausible types of interaction is considered theoretically in terms of the model, analytical expressions being given for a number of cases. The interaction may be synergistic or antagonistic. In the former case the potentiation may be more than or less than additive depending on the order of delivery and on the time between injections. Methods for the estimation of the parameters from data are discussed.
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  • 6
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    European journal of wildlife research 4 (1958), S. 48-56 
    ISSN: 1439-0574
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
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    European journal of wildlife research 4 (1958), S. 93-99 
    ISSN: 1439-0574
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The fortunate circumstance that the world of ancient Mesopotamia from the third up to the first millenium b. C. has preserved not only proofs of plastic art and reliefs, but also thousands of seal pictures, which often show animals, enables us to study the fauna of the ancient Orient much better than that of many other periods and territories. Especially about 2800, 2300, and 1300 b. C. people were very diligent with animal portraits, and naturally they chose in the first place to illustrate chase or chaseable animals. Starting with the lion the bear, wild oxen, wild sheep and goat, the oriental kinds of antelopes and stags up to the ostrich and the wild boar we find here almost complete documentary evidence of the animals to be hunted, which will be continued once more in the later Assyrian reliefs — here not treated. These testimonies are the more valuable because they are generally very animated and prove a surprising capacity of observation of these creatures.
    Abstract: Résumé C'est un fait heureux que du monde de l'ancienne Mésopotamie du troisième jusqu'au premier millénaire a. J.-C. nous sommes remis à coté des pièces justificatives de l'art plastique et de l'art du relief aussi des images de sceaux présentant très souvent des animaux, ce que nous donne la possibilité d'étudier de beaucoup mieux la faune de l'ancien Orient que celle de beaucoup d'autres époques et régions. C'est surtout vers le temps de 2800, 2300 et 1300 a. J.-C. qu'on soignait très bien le portrait d'animaux et ce n'est que trôp compréhensible que se sont surrout les représentations de chasse ou au moins des bêtes bonne à chasser qui y sont en vedette. Commancé par le lion en passant par l'ours au boeuf sauvage, le mouton et la chèvre sauvage, les espèces d'antilopes se trouvant en Asie antérieur, jusqu'au cerf, l'autruche et le sanglier; on y trouve une documentation presque complète sur tous les bêtes bonne à chasser; documentation qui sera encore continuée dans les reliefs de l'ancien Assyrie, quoique ces derniers ne soient pas traités dans cet ouvrage. Ces témoignages sont d'autant plus précieux, qu'ils font le plus souvent épreuve d'une grande vivacité et qu'ils accusent un talent d'observations étonnant chez leurs créateurs.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der glückliche Umstand, daß die Welt Altmesopotamiens vom 3. bis zum 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. uns neben Belegen der Vollplastik und Reliefkunst Tausende von Siegelbildern aufbewahrt hat und auf diesen häufig Tiere abgebildet sind, ermöglicht es uns, die Fauna des Alten Orients weit besser studieren zu können als die vieler anderer Zeiten und Gebiete. Besonders um 2800, um 2300 und um 1300 v. Chr. hat man sich um Tierporträts sehr bemüht, und hierbei steht verständlicherweise das Jagdbild oder zum mindesten das jagdbare Wild im Vordergrund. Vom Löwen angefangen über Bär, Wildrind, Wildschaf und-ziege, die vorderasiatischen Antilopenarten und den Hirsch bis hin zum Strauß und das Wildschwein wird hier eine nahezu vollständige Beurkundung der jagdbaren Tiere geboten, die dann in den — hier nicht behandelten —spätassyrischen Reliefs noch einmal fortgesetzt wird. Diese Zeugnisse sind um so kostbarer, als sie meist von großer Lebendigkeit sind und eine erstaunliche Beobachtungsgabe ihrer Schöpfer beweisen.
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  • 8
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 62 (1958), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 9
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 62 (1958), S. 16-55 
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 10
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 62 (1958), S. 56-75 
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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