ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (22,751,955)
Collection
Years
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Description: Mangrove forests provide valuable ecosystem services to coastal communities across tropical and subtropical regions. Current anthropogenic stressors threaten these ecosystems and urge researchers to create improved monitoring methods for better environmental management. Recent efforts that have focused on automatically quantifying the above-ground biomass using image analysis have found some success on high resolution imagery of mangrove forests that have sparse vegetation. In this study, we focus on stands of mangrove forests with dense vegetation consisting of the endemic Pelliciera rhizophorae and the more widespread Rhizophora mangle mangrove species located in the remote Utría National Park in the Colombian Pacific coast. Our developed workflow used consumer-grade Unoccupied Aerial System (UAS) imagery of the mangrove forests, from which large orthophoto mosaics and digital surface models are built. We apply convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for instance segmentation to accurately delineate (33% instance average precision) individual tree canopies for the Pelliciera rhizophorae species. We also apply CNNs for semantic segmentation to accurately identify (97% precision and 87% recall) the area coverage of the Rhizophora mangle mangrove tree species as well as the area coverage of surrounding mud and water land-cover classes. We provide a novel algorithm for merging predicted instance segmentation tiles of trees to recover tree shapes and sizes in overlapping border regions of tiles. Using the automatically segmented ground areas we interpolate their height from the digital surface model to generate a digital elevation model, significantly reducing the effort for ground pixel selection. Finally, we calculate a canopy height model from the digital surface and elevation models and combine it with the inventory of Pelliciera rhizophorae trees to derive the height of each individual mangrove tree. The resulting inventory of a mangrove forest, with individual P. rhizophorae tree height information, as well as crown shape and size descriptions, enables the use of allometric equations to calculate important monitoring metrics, such as above-ground biomass and carbon stocks.
    Keywords: mangrove forests ; forest inventory ; monitoring ; habitat mapping ; UAV ; UAS ; artificial ; intelligence ; machine learning ; instance segmentation ; semantic segmentation ; above ground biomass ; carbon stock
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Description: Coral reefs are the most biodiverse marine ecosystems, and host a wide range of taxonomic diversity in a complex spatial community structure. Existing coral reef survey methods struggle to accurately capture the taxonomic detail within the complex spatial structure of benthic communities. We propose a workflow to leverage underwater hyperspectral image transects and two machine learning algorithms to produce dense habitat maps of 1150 m2 of reefs across the Curaçao coastline. Our multi-method workflow labelled all 500+ million pixels with one of 43 classes at taxonomic family, genus or species level for corals, algae, sponges, or to substrate labels such as sediment, turf algae and cyanobacterial mats. With low annotation effort (only 2% of pixels) and no external data, our workflow enables accurate (Fbeta of 87%) survey-scale mapping, with unprecedented thematic detail and with fine spatial resolution (2.5 cm/pixel). Our assessments of the composition and configuration of the benthic communities of 23 image transects showed high consistency. Digitizing the reef habitat and community structure enables validation and novel analysis of pattern and scale in coral reef ecology. Our dense habitat maps reveal the inadequacies of point sampling methods to accurately describe reef benthic communities.
    Keywords: coral reefs ; habitat mapping ; hyperspectral imaging ; machine learning ; survey scale mapping ; thematic detail
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Description: Shallow-water rhodolith beds are rare in the Mediterranean Sea and generally poorly known. The Punta de la Mona rhodolith bed extends for 16,000 square meters in shallow and oligotrophic waters at the southern coast of Spain, off Almuñecar in the Alborán Sea. We present a detailed analysis of the structure (rhodolith cover and density, rhodolith size and shape, sediment granulometry) and morphospecies composition of the bed along a depth gradient. A stratified sampling was carried out at six depths (9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 m), estimating rhodolith cover and abundance; rhodoliths were collected from one 30 by 30 cm quadrat for each transect, resulting in 18 samples and a total of 656 rhodoliths. The collected rhodoliths were measured and the coralline algal components identified morphoanatomically through a stereomicroscope and SEM. Sediment on the seafloor mainly consisted of pebbles and cobbles; the highest rhodolith cover occurred between 15 and 18 m, and the lowest at the shallowest and deepest transects (9 and 24 m). Mean Rhodolith size was similar throughout the depth range (23–35 mm) with a slight increase at 24 m, although the largest rhodoliths occurred at 21 m. In monospecific rhodoliths, size depended more on the forming species than on depth. We found 25 non-geniculate coralline morphospecies, nearly all rhodolith-forming morphospecies reported in the Mediterranean Sea in recent accounts. The highest morphospecies richness (18–19) and proportional abundance were found at intermediate depths (15–18 m), where rhodolith cover is also highest. Lithophyllum incrustans and Lithophyllum dentatum dominated at shallow depths (9–12 m), whereas Lithothamnion valens was the dominant species at intermediate and greater depths. Overall, the latter species was the most common in the rhodolith bed. The shallow-water rhodolith bed in Punta de la Mona is probably the most diverse in the Mediterranean Sea. This highlights the importance of the conservation of this habitat and, in general, emphasizes the role of the Alborán Sea as a diversity center of coralline algae. The Punta de la Mona example contradicts the common assumption in the geological literature that rhodolith beds are indicative of oligophotic environments with high nutrients levels.
    Keywords: coralline red algae ; depth-gradient patterns ; rhodolith cover and size ; rhodolith diversity ; Alboran sea
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Description: An essential question in ecology relies on whether to analyze functional diversity through species traits or to explore the traits' variability at the individual level. Traditionally, several studies have been based on unique values to represent species traits, assuming that intraspecific trait variation (ITV) has minimal impact on overall community trait variability. However, ITV can significantly influence assessments of individual and species adaptation to environmental disturbances, providing insights concerning density patterns, speciation, dispersal, and biological interactions. Thus, the importance of ITV was assessed from two perspectives: (i) community assembly rules and (ii) biological invasions. A dataset comprising ten morphological traits related to habitat use and diet of 5226 fishes belonging to 49 species that occupy the marginal areas of the Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil) was used as a case study. First, the relative contributions of ITV and species turnover (interspecific variability) to overall trait variability and the strength of internal and external filters on fish assemblages using individual traits were investigated. Species turnover accounted for most trait variance within assemblages, but ITV also played an important role for specific traits. Internal filters such as competition highly influence the functional diversity of fish species in an old reservoir. Alternatively, external filters (i.e., regional processes) did not present significant effects on functional traits, which may be related to their greater influence during the reservoir's filling phase. The difference between the functional niche occupied by native species and non-native ones, and the impact of non-native species dominance on the functional diversity patterns of native assemblages (indexed by functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence, and functional redundancy) was also investigated. It was observed that the functional niche occupied by native species differs from non-native species, suggesting that non-native species have traits that enable them to exploit resources differently. Non-native species presented negative effects on the functional attributes of native fish populations, even in highly impacted environments such as reservoirs, reinforcing the importance of understanding the dynamics between native and non-native species in specific ecosystems. It is expected that the results of this study will assist in the development of public policies in the area of reservoir conservation, offering new insights into critical mechanisms associated with the biodiversity of the marginal regions of reservoirs that are exploited by human activities.
    Description: Uma questão fundamental na ecologia consiste na escolha entre analisar a diversidade funcional por meio de traços a nível de espécie ou explorar a variabilidade dentro de cada espécie, a nível de indivíduo. Tradicionalmente, a maioria dos estudos têm se baseado em valores únicos para representar os traços das espécies, assumindo que a variabilidade intraespecífica dos traços (VIT) tem um impacto mínimo na variabilidade geral dos traços em uma comunidade. No entanto, a VIT pode influenciar significativamente a adaptação das espécies a perturbações ambientais, fornecendo insights sobre padrões de densidade, especiação, dispersão e interações biológicas. Assim, a importância da VIT foi avaliada a partir de duas perspectivas: (i) regras de montagem de comunidades e (ii) invasões biológicas, utilizando como estudo de caso um conjunto de dados composto por 10 traços morfológicos relacionados ao uso de habitat e dieta de 5226 peixes pertencentes a 49 espécies que ocupam as margens do reservatório de Itaipu. Primeiro, investigou-se a contribuição relativa da VIT versus turnover de espécies (variabilidade interespecífica) para a variabilidade geral dos traços, e também quais filtros atuam sobre as assembleias de peixes utilizando dados a nível de indivíduo. O turnover de espécies representou a maior parte da variância dos traços dentro das assembleias, mas a VIT também exerceu um papel significativo, especialmente para alguns traços. Observou-se que os filtros internos, como a competição, parecem atuar sobre a diversidade funcional das espécies de peixes em um reservatório antigo. Filtros externos (ou seja, processos regionais) não apresentaram efeitos significativos, o que pode ser atribuído à sua provável maior influência durante a fase de formação do reservatório, onde mudanças ambientais ocorreram de forma mais frequente. Investigou-se também a diferença entre o nicho funcional ocupado por espécies nativas e não nativas, e o impacto da dominância de espécies não nativas sobre a riqueza, equitabilidade, divergência e redundância funcional das assembleias de peixes nativas. Observou-se que nicho funcional ocupado por espécies nativas difere das espécies não nativas, sugerindo que as espécies não nativas possuem traços que lhes permitem explorar recursos de maneira diferente. Também se demonstrou que espécies não nativas exerceram efeitos negativos nos atributos funcionais das populações de peixes nativos, mesmo em ambientes altamente impactados como os reservatórios, destacando a importância de compreender a dinâmica entre espécies nativas e não nativas dentro de ecossistemas específicos. Espera-se que os resultados deste estudo auxiliem na elaboração de políticas públicas na área da conservação de reservatórios, oferecendo novos insights sobre mecanismos críticos associados à biodiversidade das áreas marginais de reservatórios que são exploradas por atividades humanas.
    Description: PhD
    Keywords: Peixes de água doce ; Comunidades, Ecologia de ; Invasões biológicas ; Diversidade funcional ; Ecomorfologia ; Variabilidade intraespecífica dos traços (VIT) ; Reservatórios ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater fish ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater ecology ; ASFA_2015::C::Communities (ecological) ; ASFA_2015::D::Dams ; ASFA_2015::B::Biodiversity ; ASFA_2015::D
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 77pp.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Description: The State of the Ocean Report (StOR) has the ambition to inform policymakers about the state of the ocean and to stimulate research and policy actions towards ‘the ocean we need for the future we want’, contributing to the 2030 Agenda and in particular SDG 14, which reads ‘Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources’, as well as other global processes such as the UNFCCC, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Structured around the seven UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development Outcomes, the Report provides important information about the achievements of the UN Ocean Decade and, in the longer term, about ocean well-being. The StOR will be used to inform policy and administrative priorities and identify research focus areas that need to be strengthened or developed.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Plastic pollution ; Ecosystem restoration ; Deoxygenation ; Blue carbon ecosystems ; Marine spatial planning (MSP) ; Sustainable production ; Sustainable food prduction ; Carbon dioxide ; Harmful algal blooms ; Global Ocean Observing System ; Data sharing ; ASFA_2015::P::Plastics ; ASFA_2015::A::Acidification ; ASFA_2015::G::Global warming ; ASFA_2015::C::Carbon
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 92pp.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: The dataset contains source parameters of acoustic emission (AE) events recorded during triaxial friction (stick-slip) experiments performed on the Westerly Granite sample WgN05. In addition we provide raw waveform data of AE events recorded in triggered mode with a network of 16 AE sensors. Basic seismic catalog associated with the stick-slip experiment contains origin time, hypocentral location in local Cartesian coordinate system of the sample (with associated uncertainties), and AE-derived magnitude. In addition, for a subset of AEs we provide full moment tensors. This catalog include information on fault parameters (strike, dip and rake of the two nodal planes), percentage of isotropic, compensated linear vector dipole and double-couple components of the full moment tensor, P, T, B axes orientations in the coordinate system of the sample, uncertainty assessment, as well as the six independent moment tensor components. Finally, we provide a time series of axial stress values as presented in the Kwiatek et al. (2023) as well as the coordinates of the AE sensors. The catalog and parametric data is supplemented with the raw waveform recordings stored in HDF5 format from 16 acoustic emission sensors placed on the surface of the sample.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Highly fragmented rocks (i.e., pulverized rocks) in the fault damage zone presumably develop during co-seismic deformation processes. These pulverized rocks close to the fault core are generally thought to originate from high strain rates, whereas the genesis of pulverized rocks that can be found several hundred meters away from the fault core – where quasi-static conditions prevail – remains unclear. We thus conducted uniaxial cyclic loading experiments with axial strain rate of ∼10−3 s−1 on Leiyang marble in a stress-controlled manner in order to produce crushed rocks for analysis. We found that cyclic loading between 0.8 σc and 1.3 σc can simultaneously compact pre-existing cracks and generated new cracks in marble, which strengthened and stiffened the rock. The stiffened marble developed a higher crack density and energy density before rupture, thereby facilitating rock fragmentation compared with the reference sample, which was fractured monotonically in one cycle. Our results provide a plausible explanation for the genesis of pulverized marble at quasi-static strain rate in the field.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Microbes residing in cryoconite holes (debris, water, and nutrient-rich ecosystems) on the glacier surface actively participate in carbon and nutrient cycling. Not much is known about how these communities and their functions change during the summer melt-season when intense ablation and runoff alter the influx and outflux of nutrients and microbes. Here, we use high-throughput-amplicon sequencing, predictive metabolic tools and Phenotype MicroArray techniques to track changes in bacterial communities and functions in cryoconite holes in a coastal Antarctic site and the surrounding fjord, during the summer season. The bacterial diversity in cryoconite hole meltwater was predominantly composed of heterotrophs (Proteobacteria) throughout the season. The associated functional potentials were related to heterotrophic-assimilatory and -dissimilatory pathways. Autotrophic Cyanobacterial lineages dominated the debris community at the beginning and end of summer, while heterotrophic Bacteroidota- and Proteobacteria-related phyla increased during the peak melt period. Predictive functional analyses based on taxonomy show a shift from predominantly phototrophy-related functions to heterotrophic assimilatory pathways as the melt-season progressed. This shift from autotrophic to heterotrophic communities within cryoconite holes can affect carbon drawdown and nutrient liberation from the glacier surface during the summer. In addition, the flushing out and export of cryoconite hole communities to the fjord could influence the biogeochemical dynamics of the fjord ecosystem.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...