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  • bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues  (120)
  • Nanotechnology
  • Q1-390
  • KIT Scientific Publishing  (124)
  • English  (124)
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  • English  (124)
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  • 1
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, a novel measurement system for the analysis of the gyrotron RF output spectrum was developed. It enables unprecedented time dependent measurements within a large bandwidth, dynamic range and unambiguous RF indication in the entire D-Band (110-170 GHz). Special attention was given to the investigation of parasitic RF oscillations, and the analysis of the interplay of thermal cavity expansion and ionization-based space charge neutralization at the start of long RF pulses.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; spectrum analysis ; Mikrowellenmesstechnik ; millimeter waves ; Gyrotron ; Spektralanalyse ; Millimeterwellen ; microwave measurement techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The gas phase direct hydroxylation of benzene into phenol with hydrogen and oxygen, as initially described by Niwa in 2002, was realized in a newly developed double-membrane reactor. In the concept described by Niwa, a dense Pd membrane is used for the (safe) dosage of dissociated hydrogen species into the tubular reaction zone, where it reacts with gas phase oxygen to form surface species capable of directly converting benzene into phenol in a single-step process.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Pd-Membran ; Katalyse ; Phenol ; Benzol ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 3
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: High temperature superconducting (HTS) bulks and stacks of coated conductors can be magnetized to become trapped-field magnets that provide much stronger magnetic fields than those reachable with conventional permanent magnets. This work investigates the flux dynamics during the magnetization of HTS trapped-field magnets and proposes possible strategies to improve the trapped field produced by the pulsed field magnetization method that is promising for practical applications.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; trapped-field magnet ; Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter ; pulsed field magnetization ; High temperature superconductor ; Supraleiter mit eingeschlossenem Magnetfeld ; gepulste Feldmagnetisierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 4
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: At the 37th Prandtl memorial lecture on Regions of Viccous Flow, H.Oertel 1994 developed for the first time the stability theory of local perturbations in boundary layers and wake flows, as well as their practical application in the flow control of vehicle flows and the boundary layer of civil aircraft wings.This work presents how the stability theory concept of absolute instability has advanced and proven in practice in the last 15 years in terms of the efficient flow control.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Flow Control ; Fluid Mechanics ; Stability Theory ; Wake Flow ; Bundary Layer Transition ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Several in-depth studies have verified the positive impact of lean techniques on performance indicators in production environments. Studies performed on warehouse environments have partially confirmed this. This thesis helped to close the gap between the disparities in the level of evidence mentioned above. A study was conducted that included 16 warehouses in an observation group and 56 warehouses in a control group. These significant results help close the gap in the evidence.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Lean Management ; Lean Production ; schlanke Produktionssysteme ; Lager ; LogistikLean Management ; KPI ; Logistikzentren ; Lean Warehousing ; Logistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents two image-based inspection approaches for the quality evaluation of cylinder bore surfaces. In the first algorithm, metal folds on plateau-honed surfaces are inspected with scanning electron microscopy. An edge-aware structure tensor is proposed for feature extraction and localization of surface defects. The second algorithm uses a morphgraphical method for detecting graphite grains in optical micrographs. Based on the inspection results, quality parameters are proposed.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; image processing ; Bildverarbeitung ; Kantendetektion ; Mikrographhoning ; micrograph ; automated vision inspection ; Honung ; edge detection ; Automatische Sichtprüfung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work investigates the capability of the high-temperature superconductor YBCO to sense the evolution of the electrical field of THz pulses. A deposition process for ten unit-cell thin films and a sub-µm patterning process were developed to enable high sensitivities. The detector response to THz exctiations and its electrical-field sensitivity were studied. This unique characteristic allows for the investigation of instabilities of the THz radiation emitted from synchrotron storage rings.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; electrical-field sensitivity ; E-Feld Sensitivität ; synchrotron ; terahertz radiation ; YBCO ; Dünnfilmabscheidung ; Synchrotron ; thin film deposition ; Terahertzstrahlung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gyrotrons are high-power mm-wave tubes. Here, the design, construction and experimental investigation of a 20 kW, 28 GHz gyrotron (2nd harmonic) are reported. This tube was designed to evaluate new emitters for future highly efficient and reliable fusion gyrotrons and for material processing applications. Following experimental results have been achieved in CW operation: 22.5 kW output power at 23.4 kV electron beam voltage and 2.23 A beam current with the world record efficiency of 43 %.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Microwave-Materials-Processing ; Wirkungsgrad ; Efficiency ; Kernfusion ; Emitter-Technologien ; Nuclear-Fusion ; Emitter-Technologies ; Gyrotron ; MikrowellenmaterialprozesstechnikGyrotron ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 9
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work we present a system to fully automatically create a highly accurate visual feature map from image data aquired from within a moving vehicle. Moreover, a system for high precision self localization is presented. Furthermore, we present a method to automatically learn a visual descriptor. The map relative self localization is centimeter accurate and allows autonomous driving.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Maschinelles Sehen ; Lokalisierung ; Kartierung ; Autonomes Fahren ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This works describes an approach to lane-precise localization on current digital maps. A particle filter fuses data from production vehicle sensors, such as GPS, radar, and camera. Performance evaluations on more than 200 km of data show that the proposed algorithm can reliably determine the current lane. Furthermore, a possible architecture for an intuitive route guidance system based on Augmented Reality is proposed together with a lane-change recommendation for unclear situations.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; localization augmented Reality navigation route guidance particle filter ; Lokalisierung Erweiterte Realität Navigation Routenführung Partikelfilter ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 11
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book presents, validates and applies a fast, accurate and general measurement and modeling technique to obtain spectral near field data of LED systems for optical simulations in order to address the steadily increasing requirements of modern high quality LED systems. It requires only a minimum of goniophotometric near field measurements and no time-consuming angularly resolved spectral measurements. The obtained results can be used directly in state-of-the-art ray tracers.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Leuchtdioden (LED) ; Strahlverfolgung ; Radiometrie ; Ray tracing ; Radiometry ; Light-emitting diodes (LED) ; Lighting technology ; Lichttechnik ; Photometry ; Photometrie ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-07-05
    Description: This book describes the development of a new method for personalisation of efficiency factors in partial body counting. Its achieved goal is the quantification of uncertainties in those factors due to variation in anatomy of the measured persons, and their reduction by correlation with anthropometric parameters. The method was applied to a detector system at the In Vivo Measurement Laboratory at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology using Monte Carlo simulation and computational phantoms.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; Computational phantom ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Anthropometry ; Partial body counter ; Efficiency calibration ; Machine learning ; Teilkörperzähler ; Computerphantom ; Effizienzkalibrierung ; Anthropometrie
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In the second edition of the article a virtual heart modelsimulating the flow in the active left human ventricle andatrium is presented. Because in vivo myocardium data is notavailable, the movement of the active ventricle and its atriumis given by three-dimensional, time-dependent invivo image dataof a nuclear spin MRI tomograph. The passive part of the virtualheart model consists of a model aorta and of two-dimensionallymodelled heart valves. As the flow is actively driven by theventricle and atrium, a coupling off low and structure isnecessary to take into account the deviation of the aorta andthe closing and opening of the heart valves. This coupling isreplaced by the movement given by MRI tomograph and ultrasonicDoppler echocardiography, since we focus on the flow simulationin the left pumping ventricle. The flow simulation is performedby a validated commercial software package that uses the finitevolume method. The flow resistance of the circulation throughthe body is taken into account with a simplified circulationmodel. The article shows how the virtual heart model can be usedto predict flow losses and flow structures due to pathologicalventricle contraction defects. It provides as an example theflow simulation of an unhealthy human ventricle with ananeurysm. The flow structure and flow losses are consideredbefore and after surgery.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Herzmuskel ; NMR-Tomographie ; Herzkrankheit ; Numerische Strömungssimulation ; Herz ; in vivo ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Superconducting nanowire singe-photon detectors (SNSPD) are promising detectors in the field of applications, where single-photon resolution is required like in quantum optics, spectroscopy or astronomy. These cryogenic detectors gain from a broad spectrum in the optical and infrared range and deliver low dark count rates and low jitter times. This thesis improves the understanding of the detection mechanism of SNSPDs and intodruces new and promising multi-pixel readout concepts.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; superconductivity ; Multi-pixelsingle-photon detector ; Echtzeitauslese ; SNSPD ; Supraleitung ; real-time readout ; multi-pixel ; Einzelphotonendetektor ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Engineering materials show a pronounced heterogeneity on a smaller scale that influences the macroscopic constitutive behavior. Algorithms for the periodic discretization of microstructures are presented. These are used within the Nonuniform Transformation Field Analysis (NTFA) which is an order reduction based nonlinear homogenization method with micro-mechanical background. Theoretical and numerical aspects of the method are discussed and its computational efficiency is validated.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; microstructure ; order reduction method ; mesh generation ; computational homogenization ; composite materials ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 16
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this book, the first high-speed silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) modulator is demonstrated by exploiting a highly-nonlinear polymer cladding and a silicon waveguide. By using a liquid crystal cladding instead, an ultra-low power phase shifter is obtained. A third type of device is proposed for achieving three-wave mixing on the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform. Finally, new physical constants which describe the optical absorption in charge accumulation/inversion layers in silicon are determined.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; optical absorption ; high-speed modulators ; mid-IR ; Silicon photonics ; liquid crystals ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Multiscale modeling of cardiac electrophysiology helps to better understand the underlying mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, acute cardiac ischemia and pharmacological treatment. For this purpose, measurement data reflecting these conditions have to be integrated into models of cardiac electrophysiology. Several methods for this model adaptation are introduced in this thesis. The resulting effects are investigated in multiscale simulations ranging from the ion channel up to the body surface.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; acute cardiac ischemia ; parameter adaptation ; pharmacological therapy ; atrial fibrillation ; cardiac modeling ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Solid oxide fuel cells offer great prospects for the sustainable, clean and safe conversion of various fuels into electrical energy. In this thesis, the performance-determining loss processes for the cell operation on reformate fuels are elucidated via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Model-based analyses reveal the electrochemical fuel oxidation mechanism, the coupling of fuel gas transport and reforming chemistry and the impact of fuel impurities on the degradation of each loss process.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Reforming Chemistry ; Impedance Spectroscopy ; Electrochemistry ; Modeling ; SOFC ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: A single-crystal plasticity model as well as a gradient crystal plasticity model are used to describe the creep behavior of directionally solidi?ed NiAl based eutectic alloys. To consider the transition from theoretical to bulk strength, a hardening model was introduced to describe the strength of the reinforcing phases. Moreover, to account for microstructural changes due to material ?ux, a coupled diffusional-mechanical simulation model was introduced.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Crystal plasticity ; Creep ; Directional solidification ; Gradient plasticity ; Finite element simulation ; Kriechen ; Gerichtete Erstarrung ; Finite Elemente Methode ; Kristallplastizität ; Gradientenplastizität ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Silicon nitride is used for challening applications like cutting inserts or forming rolls. The extreme strength and toughness of the material is achieved by an interaction between the microstructure and fracture behaviour on the microlevel. In order to understand these mechanisms, detailed unit cells have been defined and used for the determination of the effective fracture properties. The results have been used for the implementation of an effective continuum damage mechanics model.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; silicon nitride ; finite element simulation ; toughness ; structure ; fracture ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 21
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Dual-phase steels exhibit good mechanical properties due to a microstructure of strong martensitic inclusions embedded in a ductile ferritic matrix. This work presents a two-scale model for the underlying work-hardening effects; such as the distinctly different hardening rates observed for high-strength dual-phase steels. The model is based on geometrically necessary dislocations and comprises the average microstructural morphology as well as a direct interaction between the constituents.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; two-scale model ; Kompositwerkstoffdual-phase steel ; composite ; material modelling ; dislocation mechanism ; Zweiskalenmodell ; Versetzungsmechanismen ; Dualphasenstahl ; Materialmodellierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 22
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, an intelligent human-machine interface (HMI) for human worker activity recognition in industrial environments is presented. The interface consists of components for robust and accurate 3D position estimation in workspace environments, the recognition of task-related worker activities and human-computer interaction via gestures. All components of the presented HMI are flexible with respect to applications and can be transferred to other activity recognition problems, as well.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; inertial navigation ; gesture recognition ; human machine interface ; activity recognition ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this dissertation, concepts of the electronic architecture of automotive Integrated Safety System are developed as a cooperative approach of engineering process, dependable hardware architecture and software platform. The development process covers distributed rapid prototyping with virtual front-loading and correct-by-construction. Concepts of fault tolerant hardware architecture and dependability software services are discussed with design guidelines.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; dependable software platform ; Agreement ; dependability software services ; E/E-Architecture ; Integrated Safety System ; SW-Watchdog ; fault-tolerant hardware ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of functionalized and non-functionalized nanoparticle dispersions was pursued. Besides improving the understanding of the relationship between process variables and the resulting nanoparticle dispersions, the usability of this process was extended by introducing clickable organic modifiers, a step toward the development of a convenient and versatile process for the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles with universal anchors on their surface.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Click-ChemieHydrothermal synthesis ; Kern-Schale-Nanopartikel ; Hydrothermale Synthese ; Supercritical water ; Differential centrifugal sedimentation ; Core-shell nanoparticles ; Click chemistry ; Überkritisches Wasser ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book discusses design, modeling, and the characterization of slow-light photonic crystal waveguides. Guidelines are developed to obtain slow-light waveguides with broadband characteristics and with low disorder-induced losses. Three functional devices are proposed and studied: A tunable dispersion compensator, a tunable optical delay line, and a high-speed electro-optic modulator. Optical and microwave measurements confirm the designs.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Slow Light ; Optical Delay Line ; Silicon Photonics ; Photonic Crystal ; Electro-Optic Modulator ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 26
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, new concepts of body-matched antennas for microwave medical applications were developed, where the antennas are placed directly on or in the human body. Two types of antennas were designed - on-body matched antennas for diagnosis and implantable antennas for data telemetry with the main focus of miniaturization yet maintained a high radiation performance. The applicability of the antennas was verified using a medical imaging system for the detection of hemorrhagic stroke.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; body-matched antenna ; Ultra Wideband ; medical application ; microwave Imaging ; implantable antenna ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 27
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Scope of this work is the development of appropriate models for the evaluation of batch processes in material flow systems. The presented analytical methods support the long range planning in an early planning stage, in which capacities are determined to minimize the facility costs under the condition of cycle time targets.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Performance evaluation ; Batch processes ; Discrete time ; Queueing theory ; Material flow planning ; Logistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 28
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: A speckle pattern is a quasi-random interference pattern which typically emerges when lasers are used as illumination sources in projection applications and which severely degrades the image quality. Since in most projection applications high speckle disturbance is not tolerable, speckle reduction is a major issue. This work gives an introduction into the theoretical description of speckle and investigates different practical methods for speckle reduction in laser projection systems.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; speckle ; speckle-reduction ; laser-projection-systems ; optical coherence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Thermal and neutron physics analysis show that above certain concentrations of the isotope Pu-238 hypothetical nuclear explosive devices, made of reactor-grade plutonium, are technically not feasible. Future proliferation-proof fuel cycles are proposed which make use of methods of actinide tansmutation.Reactors operating in the thorium/uranium fuel cyce are loaded with 〈20% U-235 uranium fuel which can be made proliferation-proof against re-enrichment by adding a certain ppm level of U-232.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Enrichment ; Anreicherung ; Wiederaufarbeitung ; hochangereichertes Uran ; Plutonium ; Proliferation ; Reprocessing ; high enriched Uranium.Proliferation ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Worldwide simultaneous effects of technologies, international challenges such as climate change as well as shifting relationships between science and society call for approaches that can address these issues on a global level. This book examines the potential of Technology Assessment (TA), as an until now mainly national and Western concept, to take on this global level and provide answers to these pressing questions.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Technologiepolitik ; science & technology governance ; Technikfolgenabschätzung ; globalization ; Globalisierung Technology Assessment ; policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book deals with the development of constitutive models for the mechanical behavior of amorphous thermoplastic polymers at large strains. A special emphasis lies on the temperature dependency so that the altered material behavior at high temperatures can be considered. To implement the developed constitutive models the software tool AceGen is used by which program code is generated and optimized as well as derivatives are calculated automatically.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; modelling process chain ; amorphe Thermoplaste ; Thermoformen ; Modellierung Prozesskettematerial modelling ; automatization of computational mechanics ; automatisierte Modellierung ; amorphous thermoplastic poylmers ; Materialmodellierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The DEMOnstration fusion power plant (DEMO) will be the first fusion reactor, which is intended to generate net electrical power. For successful operation of DEMO, high-power gyrotrons with operating frequencies up to 240 GHz are required for plasma heating and stabilization. In this work, a systematic feasibility study and tolerance analysis are performed for the conventional-type hollow-cavity DEMO gyrotrons. The various approaches are also suggested to identify its operational limits.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Hollow-cavity ; Hohlleitergyrotron ; Kernfusion ; Frequenz durchstimmbarkeit ; Gyrotron ; DEMO ; Nuclear Fusion ; Frequency Tunability ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 33
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: High index-contrast nanophotonic devices are key components for future board-to-board and chip-to-chip optical interconnects: The strong confinement of light enables dense integration, and nonlinear effects can be exploited at low power levels. Cheap large-scale production is possible by using highly parallel microfabrication techniques, and semiconductor-based nanophotonic devices can be integrated together with electronic circuitry on a common chip. Particularly intense research is carried out to realise optical devices on silicon substrates, using mature complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication techniques.This book discusses the modelling, fabrication and characterization of linear and nonlinear nanophotonic devices. Roughness-related scattering loss in high index-contrast waveguides is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and methods of loss reduction are developed. Novel silicon-based devices for electro-optic modulation and for all-optical signal processing are presented. Nonlinear dynamics in active quantum-dot devices are studied, and resonant field enhancement is exploited to improve the efficiency of nonlinear interaction.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Optische Signalverarbeitung ; Optische Nachrichtentechnik ; Silizium-Photonik ; PhotonikIntegrierte Optoelektronik ; SOI-Technik ; Nanophotonik ; Silizium-Optik ; Nichtlineare Optik ; Integrierte Optik ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 34
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work has studied the crosswind stability of vehicles under nonstationary wind excitation in various scenarios. Railway vehicles running on curved and straight track with varying vehicle speed are studied. Road vehicles are classified into different categories. For each vehicle class, a corresponding worst-case vehicle model has been built. As the wind excitation on the vehicle is a stochastic process, a risk analysis has to be carried out and failure probabilities are computed and analyzed.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; RisikoanalyseCrosswind stability ; Vehicle ; instationär ; Stochastik ; Fahrzeug ; Seitenwindstabilität ; Nonstationary ; Stochastic ; Risk analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung einer Technologie für die Herstellung hochqualitativer sub-µm Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb-Josephson-Kontakte. Mit den dadurch entstandenen Bauteilen wurden verschiedene experimentell zuvor noch nicht beobachtete makroskopische Quanteneffekte nachgewiesen. Weiterhin wurden Nb-basierte Phasen-Qubits entworfen, hergestellt und gemessen, die längere Kohärenzzeiten als vergleichbare Bauelemente aus der Literatur aufweisen.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; MQT ; Nb/AlOx/Nb technology ; decoherence ; quantum bits ; thin film technology ; macroscopic quantum effects ; Josephson junctions ; dielectric losses ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is developing the parallel computational fluid dynamics code GASFLOW-MPI as a best-estimate tool for predicting transport, mixing, and combustion of hydrogen and other gases in nuclear reactor containments and other facility buildings. GASFLOW-MPI is a finite-volume code based on proven computational fluid dynamics methodology that solves the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for three-dimensional volumes in Cartesian or cylindrical coordinates.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; containment ; CFD code ; hydrogen safety ; nuclear safety ; GASFLOW ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 37
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This thesis analyzes the impact of various loss processes on the threshold current density of organic semiconductor laser diodes by numerical simulation. Design concepts based on organic double-heterostructures are evaluated and design rules are derived which can be used in order to reduce the impact of loss processes and in order to improve the device performance.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; organic laser diodes ; simulation ; loss processes ; design rules ; organic semiconductor ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents approaches to extend limits of scanning probe microscopy techniques towards more versatile instruments using integrated sensor concepts. For structural surface analysis, magnetoresistive sensing is introduced and thermoresistive sensing is applied to study nanoscale phonon transport in chain-like molecules. Investigating with these techniques the properties of shape memory polymers, a fabrication method to design application-inspired micro- and nanostructures is introduced.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Formgedächtnis ; Magnetoresistive ; Thermoresistive ; Leitfähigkeit ; Magnetismus ; TunnelwiderstandScanning Probe Microscopy ; Rasterkraftmikroskopie ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 39
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The present work deals with a highly resolved radar with a synthetic aperture (synthetic aperture radar - SAR), which uses a beam steering to improve performance. The first part of this work deals with the influence of various effects occurring in the hardware of the High-Resolution Wide-Swath SAR (HRWS SAR) system. A special focus was set to single bit quantization in multi-channel receiver. The second part of this work describes SAR processors for Sliding Spotlight mode.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Datenverarbeitung ; SAR ; Radar ; data processing ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents the application of organic semiconductor distributed feedback laser as free-space excitation source in Raman spectroscopy. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect is exploited to improve the detection sensitivity. The SERS conditionis achiedved by using substrates consisting of gold-coated polymeric nanopillar arrays. The organic-laser-excited SERS measurements are applied to verify the concentration variation of biomolecule adenosine in aqueous solutions.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Lab-on-Chiporganic semiconductor ; lab-on-a-chip ; oberflächenverstärkte Raman-Spektroskopie ; Organischer Halbleiter ; DFB-laser ; DFB-Laser ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 41
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The aerodynamics of flying birds and insects plays a crucial role in the domain of aeronautical engineering. The energy-efficient construction of winglets for airplanes, the formation flight of tactical aircraft or the drone engineering or military applications are inspired by birds. This holds also for flow and structure simulation of flapping wing motion, taking the unsteady aerodynamics and corresponding wing deformations into account at high flow velocities and flapping frequencies.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Unsteady Aerodynamics ; Bird Flight ; Model Validation ; Flow-Structure Coupling ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 42
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Nowadays, the manufacturing of electrical machines based on electrical steel laminations has been well established worldwide. Compared with the electrical steel, the soft magnetic composites (SMC) shows magnetic isotropy and lower eddy current losses. Thus, it becomes an important impulse promoting the development of new topologies of electrical machine. The application of SMC in the electrical traction machine for hybrid electrical vehicle or electrical vehicle has been researched in the work.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Finite-Elemente-MethodeSoft Magnetic Composites ; Finite element method ; Axial flux machine ; Elektrische Traktionsmaschine ; Pulververbundwerkstoff ; Electrical traction machine ; Axialflussmaschine ; Transversalflussmaschine ; Transverse flux machine ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The High Performance Light Water Reactor is a nuclear reactor concept of the 4th generation which is cooled and moderated with supercritical water. The concept has been worked out by a consortium of European partners, co-funded by the European Commission. It features a once through steam cycle, a pressure vessel type reactor, and a compact containment with pressure suppression pool. The conceptual design enables to assess its feasibility, its safety features and its economic potential.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Supercritical Water ; Light Water Reactor ; Conceptual Design ; Nuclear Power Plant ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 44
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Optical communication systems carry the bulk of all data traffic worldwide. This book introduces multi-Terabit/s transmission systems and three key technologies for next generation networks. A software-defined multi-format transmitter, an optical comb source and an optical processing scheme for the fast Fourier transform for Tbit/s signals. Three world records demonstrate the potential: The first single laser 10 Tbit/s and 26 Tbit/s OFDM and the first 32.5 Tbit/s Nyquist WDM experiments.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Comb Generation ; Advanced Optical Multiplexing ; Terabit/s Communication ; Multi-Format Transmitter ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In experiments on metallic microwires, size effects occur as a result of the interaction of dislocations with, e.g., grain boundaries. In continuum theories this behavior can be approximated using gradient plasticity. A numerically efficient geometrically linear gradient plasticity theory is developed considering the grain boundaries and implemented with finite elements. Simulations are performed for several metals in comparison to experiments and discrete dislocation dynamics simulations.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Finite element method ; Microwires ; Einkristallplastizität ; Finite Elemente MethodeGradient plasticity ; Korngrenzeffekte ; Single-crystal plasticity ; Mikrodrähte ; Grain boundary influence ; Gradientenplastizität ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: To increase the flexibility of continuous conveyor systems, a completely decentralized control system for a modular conveyor system was developed. The system is able to carry conveyor units without any centralized infrastructure. Based on existing methods of data transfer in IT networks, single modules operate autonomously and, after being positioned into the required topology, independently connect together to become a functioning conveyor system.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Continuous conveyor ; Flexible ; Conveying technology ; Modular ; Autonomous ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 47
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work deals with the experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of nanowires. Experiments are conducted in a dedicated system inside the electron microscope. The mechanical response of various material systems is probed, the underlying deformation mechanisms are elucidated and subsequently put into context with mechanical size effects.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Size-Effect ; Scanning-Electron Microscopy ; mechanical Properties ; Nanowires ; Nanotechnology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 48
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Kanban is a representative control policy pursuing cost-efficient features for the material flow system. However, the Kanban mechanism increases the system vulnerability especially when the environment is uncertain. Therefore, we proposed a robust Kanban system model for the supply chain system based on the Kanban mechanism. The model can use robust approaches from strategic, tactical, and operational levels to deal with the risks in an uncertain environment.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; risk management ; Kanban ; robust ; supply chain ; simulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents a virtual prototyping methodology for the design and verification of industrial devices in the field level of industrial automation systems. This work demonstrates that virtual prototypes can help increase the confidence in the correctness of a design thanks to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between hardware, software, analog and mixed-signal components of embedded systems and the physical processes they interact with.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Modeling and Simulation ; System Level Design ; Virtual Prototyping ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: GNSS is often inaccurate and satellite signals are not always available, which results in ambiguous situations. In order to reduce their negative effects on train-borne localization, this work proposes an approach for the detection of tracks, turnouts, and branching directions solely from 2d lidar sensor measurements. The experimental evaluation shows highly correct and complete results. In summary, these detections are sufficient to reduce ambiguity problems in train-borne localization.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; lidar-basierte Eisenbahn-Infrastruktur-Detektion (Schienen ; Gleise ; lidar based railway infrastructure detection (rails ; bordautonome Lokalisierung ; Topologie- und Befahrrichtungserkennung ; determination of topology and branching direction ; train-borne localization ; Weichen) ; turnouts) ; tracks ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Most ceramics show an increase of the crack growth resistance during crack propagation (R-curve behaviour). Reasons for such behaviour are bridging effects between opposite crack surfaces, phase transformations around the tip of a crack, and development of micro-cracking zones. This booklet predominantly deals with the bridging behaviour and the discussion of the observed effects in terms of the fracture mechanics weight function procedure.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Bridging stresses ; Crack-growth resistance ; weight function ; silicon nitride ; Siliziumnitrid ; R-curve ; Keramik ; R-Kurven ; Gewichtsfunktionen ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book investigates the fatigue mechanisms and crack initiation of Ni, Al and Cu on a small-scale in the Very High Cycle Fatigue regime by means of innovative fatigue experimentation. A novel custom-built resonant fatigue setup showed that the sample resonant frequency changes with increasing cycle number due to fatigue damage. Mechanisms such as slip band formation have been observed. Cyclic hardening, vacancy and oxidation formation may be considered as early fatigue mechanisms.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Ermüdung ; Rissinitiierung ; kubisch flächenzentriert ; unendliche Lebensdauercrack initiation ; infinite lifetime ; very high cycle fatigue ; face-centered cubic ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents a solution for autonomous vehicles to detect arbitrary moving traffic participants and to precisely determine the motion of the vehicle. The solution is based on three-dimensional images captured with modern range sensors like e.g. high-resolution laser scanners. As result, objects are tracked and a detailed 3D model is built for each object and for the static environment. The performance is demonstrated in challenging urban environments that contain many different objects.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; mapping ; self-localization ; object detection ; laser scanner ; tracking ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: A discontinuous fiber-reinforced thermoset material produced by the Sheet Molding Compound process is investigated. Due to the process-related fiber orientation distribution, a composite with an anisotropic microstructure is created which crucially affects the mechanical properties. The central objectives are the modeling of the thermoelastic behavior of the composite accounting for the underlying microstructure, and the experimental characterization of the pure resin and the composite material.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Dynamisch-mechanische Analyse ; Thermoelastic properties ; Langfaserverstärkter Komposit ; Mean- und Full-Field Homogenisierung ; Thermoelastische Eigenschaften ; Long fiber-reinforced composite ; Mean- and full-field homogenization ; Dynamic mechanical analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This thesis introduces (i) amendments to basic electrochemical measurement techniques in the time and frequency domain suitable for electrochemical energy conversion systems like fuel cells and batteries, which enable shorter measurement times and improved precision in both measurement and parameter identification, and (ii) a modeling approach that is able to simulate a technically relevant system just by information gained through static and impedance measurements of laboratory size cells.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) ; Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) ; Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 56
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Failure of cracked components is governed by the stresses in the vicinity of the crack tip. The singular stress contribution is characterised by the stress intensity factor K, the first regular stress term is represented by the so-called T-stress. Sufficient information about the stress state is available, if these two parameters are known Results for K and T are compiled in form of figures, tables, and approximate relations.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Cracks ; stress intensity factor ; stress fields ; T-stress ; fracture mechanics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This work describes the qualification of the airborne Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding-STRatospheric aircraft (MIPAS-STR) and studies on ozone-relevant processes in the Arctic winter stratosphere. Using MIPAS-STR measurements, correlative in-situ measurements and simulations of the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS), the processes denitrification and chlorine deactivation are investigated.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; chlorine deactivation ; spectroscopy ; stratosphere ; denitrification ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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  • 58
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work focuses on the analysis and design of multiple element antennas (MEA) and their interaction with the propagation channel. In particular, attention is given to urban channels and how its information throughput, i.e. capacity, can be improved. With this in mind, this work extends an existing network model of the communication system in order to reduce computation time, investigates the communicational limits of MEA systems and proposes a synthesis method for capacity maximization.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Capacity maximization ; Multiple Element Antennas ; MIMO ; Antenna Synthesis ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Several novel diagnostic systems based on the detection of coherent THz radiation are presented. The investigation of the photon beam properties allow for bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn diagnostics of the emitting electron bunches in the accelerator. It is used for time-resolved studies of the micro-bunching instability. Accompanying simulations with Inovesa show a good agreement with the measurement which enhances the knowledge of the physics behind the micro-bunching instability.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Spektrum ; Synchrotronstrahlung ; THz ; Impedanz ; Terahertz ; Impedance ; Synchrotron radiation ; Spectrum ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Monte Carlo radiation transport codes were used with virtual models of in vivo measurement equipment. Software was coded to handle memory intensive anthropomorphic voxel models for simulation of measurement scenarios. Tools, methods and models have been validated. Various parameters have been investigated for their sensitivity. Methods based on image registration techniques have been developed to transform existing human models to match with an individual test person.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; voxel model ; efficiency calibration ; in vivo measurement ; Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations ; incorporated radionuclides ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) excimer lamps emit vacuum-UV optical radiation. This work presents novel methods for efficiently operating DBDs with short, high-voltage pulses. Transformer-less systems utilising SiC power semiconductor switches are presented. Pulse frequencies of up to 3.1 MHz and peak inverter efficiencies of 92 % were achieved. The work encloses both mathematical backgrounds of pulsed resonant circuits and practical implementation of low-inductive power stages.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; low inductance ; high frequency ; high voltage ; Silicon Carbide ; gate drive ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 62
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In optically powered networks, both, communication signals and power for remotely located sensor nodes, are transmitted over an optical fiber. Key features of optically powered networks are node operation without local power supplies or batteries as well as operation with negligible susceptibility to electro-magnetic interference and to lightning. In this book, different kinds of optically powered devices and networks are investigated, and selected applications are demonstrated.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; powered ; Optically ; sensor ; network ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 63
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Efficient inbound networks in the European automotive industry rely on a set of different transport concepts including milk runs - understood as regularly scheduled pickup tours. The complexity of designing such a mixed network makes decision support necessary: In this book we provide definitions, mathematical models and a solution method for the Milk Run Design problem and introduce indicators assessing the performance of established milk runs in relation to alternative transport concepts.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Mathematical Optimization ; Supply Chain Management ; Lean Manufacturing ; Mathematische Optimierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The distribution of the electrostatic potential in and between the materials in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells has a major impact on their superior performance. This thesis reported on the nanoscale imaging of the electrostatic potential on untreated cross sections of operating Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells using Kelvin probe force microscopy.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; electrostatic potential distribution ; CIGS ; thin-film solar cell ; KPFM ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 65
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Energy-efficient Tbit/s optical interconnects are key elements for future communication systems. Three novel optical frequency comb sources are investigated, which have the potential of being integrated in chip-scale Tbit/s transmitters. Such frequency combs provide a large number of carriers. The equidistance of the comb lines helps to minimize spectral guard bands. For each type of comb source, coherent data transmission experiments show the potential for Tbit/s data transmission rates.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; kohärent ; Terabit ; coherent ; data transmittion ; Datenübertragung ; optische Frequenzkammquelle ; Optical Frequency comb ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 66
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The 1/2〈111〉 screw dislocations in bcc iron are studied by atomistic simulations. An analytical yield criterion captures correctly the non-Schmid plastic behavior. A model Peierls potential develops a link between the atomistic modeling at 0 K and the thermally activated dislocation motion. All predicted features agree well with experimental observations. This work establishes a consistent bottom-up model that provides an insight into the microscopic origins of the plastic behavior of bcc iron.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; dislocation ; plastic ; simulation ; yield ; iron ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work deals with the process of photon upconversion in surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks. During the upconversion, two low-energy photons are absorbed and fused into a higher-energy photon, which is emitted. In this work, this process is analyzed in surface-bound metal-organic frameworks by spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the application for increasing the efficiency of solar cells is discussed.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Spektroskopie ; organische Halbleiter ; Upconversion ; spectroscopy ; Hochkonversion ; organic semiconductor ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents a comprehensive investigation of the influence of geometry-dependent factors on performance metrics of superconducting single-photon detectors. With fundamental knowledge, main investigations are focused to extend the spectral bandwidth and to enhance the detection efficiency, especially in infrared range. The developed technology of single-spiral detectors and unconventional electron-beam lithography allows to improve the performance of superconducting detectors.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; NanotechnologieSuperconductivity ; supraleitenden Film ; single-photon detector ; nanotechnology ; superconducting film ; Supraleiter ; Einzelphotonen-detector ; optic ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 69
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: There are thousands of indicators produced to understand and govern our societies. Studies about the way indicators are used in technological innovation are significantly rare, despite the centrality of these decisions to promote growth in our technology-intensive civilization. This book presents what is known and what was discovered in a doctoral research, which analysed innovative business leaders, policymakers and public researchers responsible for technological innovations.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; evidence ; Technology innovation ; indicators ; Technologieinnovation ; Indikatoren ; Entscheidung fällen ; decision-making ; Technikfolgenabschätzung ; technology assessment ; Politikgestaltung ; Beweis ; policy-making ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In EC3, the fatigue life of a steel structure subjected to a cyclic load is estimated by its detail category. This category is based on the S-N, curves which are obtained by applying the Basquin model. Statistically, this model does not allow extrapolating the S-N curves in the HCF region, neither does it consider the runouts. This affects the fatigue life estimation when a structure bears loading in HCF. To overcome these deficiencies, a new method based on a Weibull distribution is applied.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Ermüdung ; zyklische Beanspruchung ; Weibull ; S-N Curves ; Wöhlerkurven ; Cyclic Loading ; Runouts ; Fatigue ; Durchläufern ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Complexity science aims to better understand the processes of both natural and man-made systems which are composed of many interacting entities at different scales. A disaggregated approach is proposed for simulating electricity systems, by using agent-based models coupled to continuous ones. The approach can help in acquiring a better understanding of the operation of the system itself, e.g. on emergent phenomena or scale effects; as well as in the improvement and design of future smart grids.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; multi agent systems ; complexity ; smart grids ; emergence ; demand side management ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The emergence of a global and technological world and its accelerating, dissemination before the beginning of the 21st century does not only give rise to technological, economic, social, environmental, political, and educational tasks. Significant philosophical questions, epistemic reflections, and cultural debates result. The aim of this book is to provide information about epistemic, ethical, and cultural implications of sustainable development on an interdisciplinary and international level.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Ethics ; Sustainable Development ; Knowledge ; Culture ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 73
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) through biventricular pacing (BVP) has been demonstrated by numerous studies in patients suffering from congestive heart failure. In order to achieve a guideline for optimal treatment with BVP devices, an automated non-invasive strategy based on an electrophysiological computer model of the heart is presented. The presented research investigates an off-line optimization algorithm based on different electrode positioning and timing delays.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; biventricular pacing ; heart failure ; cardiac resynchronization therapy ; computer simulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, the ratcheting-behavior of 9%Cr-1%Mo ferritic–martensitic steel is studied with uniaxial cyclic loading. To describe the ratcheting-behavior of this steel, a visco-plastic constitutive model with consideration of cyclic softening of Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic steels is further modified, based on the analysis of back stress.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Ratcheting-Verhalten 9%Cr–1% Mo ferritisch-martensitischen Stahl ; ratcheting-behavior 9%Cr–1% Mo ferritic-martensitic steel ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Fission product yield data play an important role in simulations of nuclear fission reactors, aimed at fuel cycle and safety analyses. The respective evaluated data libraries still have shortcomings regarding the treatment of energy dependencies and uncertainty information. This work has been aimed at the development of a fission model for future fission product yield evaluations as well as its validation on the levels of cross-sections, fission product yields and time dependent decay radiation.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Modellierung von Kernreaktionen ; delayed neutrons ; fission product yields ; inventory calculation ; Spaltproduktausbeuten ; decay radiation ; Nachzerfallsstrahlung ; Inventarrechnung ; nuclear reaction modeling ; verzögerte Neutronen ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 76
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, a deeper understanding of the electrochemical oxidation at SOFC anodes was gained by the experimental characterization of patterned Ni anodes in H2-H2O and CO-CO2 atmosphere. By high resolution data analysis, the Line Specific Resistance attributed to charge transfer and its dependencies on gas composition, temperature and polarization voltage were identified. Furthermore, the comparison of the performance of patterned and cermet anodes was enabled using a transmission line model.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; electrochemical oxidation ; anode ; SOFC ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 77
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: A nonparametric identification method for highly nonlinear systems is presented that is able to reconstruct the underlying nonlinearities without a priori knowledge of the describing nonlinear functions. The approach is based on nonlinear Kalman Filter algorithms using the well-known state augmentation technique that turns the filter into a dual state and parameter estimator, of which an extension towards nonparametric identification is proposed in the present work.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; nichtlineare dynamische System ; Kalman Filter ; nonlinear dynamic system ; nonparametric identification ; nichtparametrische Identifikation ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 78
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This thesis describes the detection and reconstruction of traffic accidents with event data recorders.The underlying idea is to describe the vehicle motion and dynamics up to the stability limit by means of linear and non-linear vehicle models. These models are used to categorize the driving behavior and to freeze the recorded data in a memory if an accident occurs.Based on these data, among others the vehicle trajectory is reconstructed with fuzzy data fusion. The side slip angle which is a crucial quantity describing the vehicle stability is estimated with non-linear state observers and Kalman-Filters. The methodologies presented may lead from accident reconstruction considered here to accident avoidance.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Side Slip Angle ; Accident Detection ; Modelling ; Accident Reconstruction ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work provides novel robust and regularized algorithms for parameter estimation with applications in vehicle tractive force prediction and mass estimation. Given a large record of real world data from test runs on public roads, recursive algorithms adjusted the unknown vehicle parameters under a broad variation of statistical assumptions for two linear gray-box models.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Total Least Squares ; errors-in-variables ; robust estimation ; Onlinefilter ; recursive estimation ; Robuste Schätzer ; Systemidentifikation ; system identification ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work deals with microstructural characterisation, modelling and simulation of SOFC electrodes with the goal of optimizing the electrode microstructures. Methods for a detailed electrode analysis based on focused ion beam (FIB) tomography are presented. A 3D FEM model able to perform simulations of LSCF cathodes based on 3D tomography data is shown. A model generating realistic, yet synthetic microstructures is presented that enables the optimization of microstructural characteristics.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Tomographie ; Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ; 3D Reconstruction ; 3D Rekonstruktion ; Microstructure Modelling ; Microstructural Characterisation ; focused ion beam (FIB) tomography ; Mikrostrukturelle Charakterisierung ; Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle ; Mikrostrukturmodellierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work furthers the overall understanding of a 3w-measurement, by considering previously unexamined macroscopic influence factors within measurement by Finite Element simulations (FES). Moreover, new measuring configurations are developed to determine (an)isotropic thermal conductivities of nanoscale samples. Since no analytic solutions are available for these configurations, a new evaluation methodology is presented to determine emergent thermal conductivities by FES and Neural Networks.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; JOULE'sche-ERWAERMUNG 3-OMEGA-METHODE FINITE-ELEMENTE-SIMULATIONEN NEURONALE-NETZE ; JOULE-HEATING 3-OMEGA-METHOD FINITE-ELEMENT-SIMULATIONS NEURAL-NETWORKS ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Moderne Methoden wurden kombiniert, um die topographische Änderungen von gleitenden geschmierten metallischen Oberflächen on-line zu untersuchen. Die Experimente wurden mit einem neuartigen Tribometer durchgeführt, welches in-situ topographische Messungen ermöglicht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, wie lamellare Verschleißpartikel auf gleitende Kupfer Oberflächen entstehen. Weitere Versuche ermöglichten die Entwicklung einer Näherungsmethode zur Trennung von Pflüg- und Scherbeiträge der Reibkraft.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Tribologie ; Topographie ; Reibung ; in-situ ; Verschleiß ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The present thesis deals with large deformation contact problems of flexible bodies in the field of nonlinear elastodynamics. Special emphasis will be placed on a consistent spatial and temporal discretization. For the spatial discretization of the underlying bodies, the finite element method will be used. For the contact boundaries the collocation type node-to-surface method as well as the variationally consistent Mortar method will be applied.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Koordinatenaugmentierungstechnik ; contact constraints ; Nichtlineare Elastodynamik ; KKT conditions ; Kontaktzwangsbedingungen ; KKT Bedingungen ; Nonlinear elastodynamics ; coordinate augmentation technique ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work new methods and criteria for the analysis of Ultra Wideband (UWB) components and systems are introduced. This permit to have a deeper insight into the component characteristics like signal distortion, ringing and dispersion, introduced by the non-ideal behavior of the UWB components over the wide frequency band. The developed analyses are the basis for correction and optimization strategies for the features of the UWB components and systems, compensating for their non-idealities.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; UWB-filters ; UWB-antennas ; Ultrawideband ; UWB-Radar ; UWB-Systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this doctoral thesis, performance parameters of multi-server queueing systems are estimated under general stochastic assumptions. We present an exact calculation method for the discrete time distribution of the number of customers in the queueing system at the arrival moment of an arbitrary customer. The waiting time distribution and the sojourn time distribution are estimated exactly, as well. For the calculation of the inter departure time distribution, we present an approximation method.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; discrete time ; multi server ; queueing system ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work proposes advanced emulation of the physical layer behavior of NB-PLC channels and the application of a channel emulator for the evaluation of NB-PLC systems. In addition, test procedures and reference channels are proposed to improve efficiency and accuracy in the system evaluation and classification. This work shows that the channel emulator-based solution opens new ways toward flexible, reliable and technology-independent performance assessment of PLC modems.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; transfer function ; channel emulator ; channel modeling ; powerline communications ; physical layer performance ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, an innovative real-time microwave control approach is proposed, to improve the temperature homogeneity under microwave heating. Multiple adaptive or intelligent control structures have been developed, including the model predictive control, neural network control and reinforcement learning control methods. Experimental results prove that these advanced control methods can effectively reduce the final temperature derivations and improve the temperature homogeneity.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Bestärkendes Lernenmicrowave heating ; Künstliches neuronales Netz ; Mehrgrößenregelung ; Mikrowellenerwärmung ; multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ; Modellprädiktive Regelung ; neural network ; model predictive control (MPC) ; reinforcement learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work different methods for the calculation of diffraction and scattering in launchers of quasi-optical mode converters for gyrotrons are compared, ranked and extended. The extension gives the opportunity to take a tapered average radius of the waveguide antenna into account. The comparison and the extension of the fast field calculation methods for component synthesis opens the possibility to reduce diffraction and stray radiation of reliable and powerful millimeter wave sources.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Diffraction ; Scattering ; Oversized Waveguides ; Waveguide Antennas ; Mode converters ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The non-invasive reconstruction of cardiac activity can significantly improve the quality of cardiac diagnostics. Two major approaches are considered. The model-based method consists in the optimization of an electrophysiological cardiac model until the measured and simulated ECGs are similar. The inverse problem of electrocardiography is solved to compute the cardiac sources distributions from body surface potential maps. The results and their interpretation are shown for several patients.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; ECG simulation ; inverse problem of electrocardiography ; Cardiac modeling ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The present work focuses on tyres for passenger cars, especially on its influence on power loss, lateral dynamics, ride comfort and interior noise. The objective of the work is the quantification of conflicts between four selected requirements considering the physical constraints given by the tyre. The method proposed in the present book is based on a set of functional tyre characteristics, a physical tyre model and a procedure for identifying and quantifying the conflicts.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; rolling resistance ; Tyres ; Reifen ; Objektiv ; acoustics ; Akustik ; Rollwiderstand ; Grundauslegung ; objective ; influence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 91
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: ECG imaging was performed in humans to reconstruct ventricular activation patterns and localize their excitation origins. The precision of the non-invasive reconstructions was evaluated against invasive measurements and found to be in line with the state-of-the-art literature. Statistics were produced for various excitation origins and reveal the beat-to-beat robustness of the imaging method.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; inverses Problem ; klinische Studieinverse problem of electrocardiography ; clinical study ; ECG imaging ; EKG-Bildgebung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In the last two decades, the reliability of small electronic devices used in automotive or consumer electronics gained researchers attention. Thus, there is the need to understand the fatigue properties and damage mechanisms of thin films. In this thesis a novel high-throughput testing method for thin films on Si substrate is presented. The specialty of this method is to test one sample at different strain amplitudes at the same time and measure an entire lifetime curve with only one experiment.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; damage structure ; Fatigue ; thin film ; cantilever bending ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Heart Failure is the most common cardiac disease worldwide; supraventricular arrhythmia the most common cardiac arrhythmia. The understanding of these diseases advances treatment options. Ablation therapy and atrial antitachycardial pacing are non-pharmacological options in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Cardiac resynchronization therapy with biventricular pacing devices has been shown successful in patients with severe heart failure. However, an optimization or even individual therapy planning is not standard or not even carried out today.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Herzinsuffizienz ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The demand for smart grid and smart home applications has raised the recent interest in power line communication (PLC) technologies, and has driven a broad set of deep surveys in low-voltage (LV) power line channels. This book proposes a set of novel approaches, to characterize and to emulate LV power line channels in the frequency range from0.15to 10 MHz, which closes gaps between the traditional narrowband (up to 500 kHz) and broadband (above1.8 MHz) ranges.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Stromnetz ; Emulation ; Powerline Kommunikation ; Kanalmodel ; Channel Model ; Power Line Communication ; Power Grid ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Hot stamping is a hot drawing process which takes advantage of the polymorphic steel behavior to produce parts with a good strength-to-weight ratio. For the simulation of the hot stamping process, a nonlinear two-scale thermomechanical model is suggested and implemented into the FE tool ABAQUS. Phase transformation and transformation induced plasticity effects are taken into account. The simulation results regarding the final shape and residual stresses are compared to experimental findings.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Presshärten ; Two-Scale Modeling ; Phasenumwandlung ; Zweiskalige Modellierung ; Warmumformung ; Hot Stamping ; Semi-Analytical Homogenization ; Semi-analytische Homogenisierung ; Phase Transformation ; Hot Working ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This thesis discusses deflectometry as a reconstruction method for highly reflecting surfaces. It focuses on deflectometry alone and does not use other reconstruction techniques to supplement with additional data. It explains the measurement process and principle and provides a crash course into an efficient mathematical representation of the principles involved. Using this, it reformulates existing three-dimensional reconstructing methods, expands upon them and develops new ones.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; deflectometry reflective surfaces measurements ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: We discuss theory and application of extended object tracking. This task is challenging as sensor noise prevents a correct association of the measurements to their sources on the object, the shape itself might be unknown a priori, and due to occlusion effects, only parts of the object are visible at a given time. We propose an approach to track the parameters of arbitrary objects, which provides new solutions to the above challenges, and marks a significant advance to the state of the art.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Tracking Bayesschätzer Microsoft Kinect Formschätzung Partial LikelihoodTracking Bayesian Estimation Microsoft Kinect Shape Fitting Partial Likelihood ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The grain microstructure and damage mechanisms at the grain level are the key factors that influence fatigue of metals at small scales. This is addressed in this work by establishing a new micro-mechanical model for prediction of multiaxial high cycle fatigue (HCF) at a length scale of 5-100?m. The HCF model considers elasto-plastic behavior of metals at the grain level and microstructural parameters, specifically the grain size and the grain orientation.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Mehrachsige hochzyklische Ermüdung (HCF) Korngröße und Kornorientierung Mikroschädigung Probabilistische Methoden MEMSMultiaxial high cycle fatigue (HCF) Grain size and grain orientation Micro-damage Probabilistic methods MEMS ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Shuttle-based storage and retrieval systems (SBS/RSs) are an important part of today‘s warehouses. In this work, a new approach is developed that can be applied to model different configurations of SBS/RSs. The approach is based on the modeling of SBS/RSs as discrete-time open queueing networks and yields the complete probability distributions of the performance measures.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Leistungsbewertung ; queueing theory ; Shuttle-System ; performance evaluation ; shuttle-based storage and retrieval system ; Bedientheorie ; automatisierte Lagertechnik ; automated storage and retrieval system ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Three concepts of high temperature superconductor cables carrying kA currents (RACC, CORC and TSTC) are investigated, optimized and evaluated in the scope of their applicability as conductor in fusion magnets. The magnetic field and temperature dependence of the cables is measured; the thermal expansion and conductivity of structure, insulation and filling materials are investigated. High temperature superconductor winding packs for fusion magnets are calculated and compared with corresponding low temperature superconductor cases.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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