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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-02-28
    Description: This data set contains the results from a 2023 GFZ Innovative Research Expedition project to explore for natural hydrogen gas (H2) occurrences in the NW Pyrenean foreland, near the town of Biarritz in France. The data represent in-situ measurements of soil and spring water gas, as well as in-situ spring water property measurements, complemented with laboratory analysis results of gas contents and noble gas isotopic compositions of gas and spring water samples collected during the expedition. This GFZ Innovative Research Expedition was inspired by previous exploration efforts in the region by Lefeuvre et al. (2021, 2022). These authors detected elevated concentrations of natural H2 gas in the soil and interpreted this natural H2 to be derived from serpentinizing mantle rocks below the Pyrenees. The main aims of this expedition were the following: (1) in-situ measuring soil gas contents and taking soil gas samples for laboratory analysis at a site near the town of Peyrehorade in the NW of the general study area of Lefeuvre et al. (2021), thus improving the soil gas data coverage along the NW end of the North Pyrenean Frontal Thrust (NPFT); (2) taking gas samples from degassing springs (or water samples from non-degassing springs to be degassed in the lab) in the general Lefeuvre et al. (2021) study area for additional laboratory analysis of gas contents and noble gas isotopic compositions, which may be indicative of (deep) gas origins; and (3) performing a detailed soil gas analysis by means of a portable mass spectrometer at Sauveterre-de-Béarn, a site along the NPFT where Lefeuvre et al. (2022) measured elevated concentrations of natural H2 in the soil. Furthermore, we also measured the properties of the visited springs (temperature, pH, conductivity) while on site, and performed additional in-situ soil gas measurements from manual drillholes. Details on the measurement and sampling methods, on the laboratory analyses, as well as the results of these measurements and analyses are provided in the data description file The expedition involved six field days in July 2023, during which a total of 26 sites were visited. These sites were selected for their vicinity near a major geological contact or fault zone that could have facilitated upward circulation of gas or (thermal) water from the (deep) subsurface (i.e., potentially from the mantle).
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-10
    Description: In near-Earth space, a large population of high-energy electrons are trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. These energetic electrons are trapped in the regions called Earth’s ring current and radiation belts. They are very dynamic and show a very strong dependence on solar wind and geomagnetic conditions. These energetic electrons can be dangerous to satellites in the near-Earth space. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mechanisms which drive the dynamics of these energetic electrons. Wave-particle interaction is one of the most important mechanisms. Among the waves that can be encountered by the energetic electrons when they move around our Earth, whistler mode chorus waves can cause both acceleration and the loss of energetic electrons in the Earth's radiation belts and ring current. Using more than 5 years of wave measurements from NASA’s Van Allen Probe mission, Wang et al (2019) developed chorus wave models which depend on magnetic local time (MLT), Magnetic Latitude (MLat), L-shell, and geomagnetic condition index Kp. To quantify the effect of chorus waves on energetic electrons, we calculated the bounce-averaged quasi-linear diffusion coefficients using the chorus wave model developed by Wang et al (2019) and extended to higher latitudes according to Wang and Shprits (2019). Using these diffusion coefficients, we calculated the lifetime of the electrons with an energy range from 1 keV to 2 MeV. In each MLT, we calculate the lifetime for each energy and L-shell using two different methods according to Shprits et al (2007) and Albert and Shprits (2009). We make the calculated electron lifetime database available here. Please notice that the chorus wave model by Wang et al (2019) is valid when Kp 〈= 6. If the user wants to use this lifetime database for Kp 〉6, please be careful and contact the authors.
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: This publication provides the codes produced for the article "Temporally dynamic carbon dioxide and methane emission factors for rewetted peatlands. Nature Communications Earth and Environment" by Aram Kalhori, Christian Wille, Pia Gottschalk, Zhan Li, Josh Hashemi, Karl Kemper, and Torsten Sachs (https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01226-9). In the article, the authors estimate the cumulative GHG emissions of a rewetted peatland in Germany using the long-term ecosystem flux measurements. They observe a source-to-sink transition of annual carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and decreasing trend of methane (CH4) emissions. This software is written in R and MATLAB. Running the codes ([R files and .m files](Code)) and loading the data files ([CSV files and .mat files](Data)) requires the pre-installation of [R and RStudio] (https://posit.co/downloads/) and ([MATLAB]. The RStudio 2022.07.2 Build 576 version has been used for the R scripts. The land cover classification work was performed in QGIS, v.3.16.11-Hannover. Data were analyzed in both MATLAB and R and plots created with R (R Core Development Team 2020) in RStudio®.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: The data provided here is an exemplary dataset for the flux site Zarnekow from one year (2018). The complete dataset that is needed to run the codes for all the years can be obtained from the European Fluxes Database Cluster under site ID DE-Zrk (Sachs et al., 2016) or provided upon request. This repository is intended to provide the necessary MATLAB and R code to reproduce the results by Kalhori et al. (2024). The data are provided as zip folder containing (1) a csv file with associated definition of variables and units (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_README_2018_units.txt), (2) a shapefile (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_2018_LAiV_DOP.shp) and (3) a Geotiff (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_2018_LAiV_DOP.tiff).
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-03
    Description: This data set includes the results of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM) and digital image correlation (DIC) analysis applied to analogue modelling experiments. Twenty generic analogue models are extended on top of a rubber sheet. Two benchmark experiments are also reported. Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Liu et al. (submitted) to which this data set is supplement. The data presented here are visualized as topography and the horizontal cumulative surface strain (principal strain and slip rake).
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-05-17
    Description: This dataset is the result of an experimental series that was carried out in September/October 2022 at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany to observe biosorption of lead under extreme conditions. Synthetic solutions, simulating the geothermal fluids from the Heemskerk geothermal power plant were were prepared in 30 ml glass vials (Rotalibo screw neck ND24 EPA). To prepare the stock solutions, sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.8 %, Cellpure, Merck, DE) was added at 265 g/L and Pb(II), in form of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3 )2 , Merck, DE), at 1 g/L to ultrapure water. To assess the impact of acetic acid on lead biosorption, two treatments were done: one without acetic acid and one where acetic acid (100 %, Merck, DE) was added at 60 mg/L. Finally, dead biomass of the fungus Penicillium citrinum was added in the samples at a concentration of 4 g/L (Wahab et al., 2017). The samples were incubated in an autoclave at a pressure of 8 bars on a rotative shaker. The temperature was set at 25 °C, 60 °C or 98 °C with three contact times (1, 2 and 3 h). All treatments were performed in triplicates. For each treatment, two controls without biomass were done. Control samples without the addition of NaCl were done in duplicate, at 25 °C and for 2 h. After incubation, samples were filtered through a 0.22 µm nitrocellulose filter (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, FR) to separate the biomass from the liquid. The biomass on the filters was dried for 24 h at 45 °C before being scraped from the filter and kept in a Falcon tube at room temperature.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-05-22
    Description: The EU funded project CRM-geothermal aims to establish an overview of the potential for critical raw materials (CRM) in geothermal fluids across the EU and third countries (Ref). Within this framework, the geothermal sites of Tuzla, Seferihisar and Dikili in eastern Turkey have been visited in March 2023. To estimate the potential of CRM at these sites, a comprehensive sampling program was performed. Rock samples (drill gravel) of the production borehole and scaling from gas-water separators were obtained. Furthermore, sampling of geothermal fluids (gas and brine) and precipitates (salt) along the production line was performed. Here, the results of the geochemical analyses of solid sample materials (drill gravel, scales and salt) are presented. All analyses were performed in the ElMiE-Lab (Elements and Minerals of the Earth Laboratory) at German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam, Germany (https://labinfrastructure.geo-x.net/laboratories/8). For their major and minor element compositions, bulk samples of drill gravel and scales were analyzed with XRF and ICP-MS, respectively. Salt precipitates were analyzed for dry loss and mineral composition using XRD
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-05-22
    Description: In autumn 2022, an expedition to Tanzania was undertaken within the framework of the research project “CRM-geothermal” and Scintific Priority Program (SPP) 2238 “Dynamics of Ore Metal Enrichment”. Within „CRM-geothermal“ we are looking for an environmentally friendly co-production of critical raw materials together with the provision of geothermal energy. In the EARS, high levels of rare earth elements (REE), Sr, Ba and Mg are expected in waters and solids in areas with alkaline volcanic rocks, while other critical elements, including helium, have been sought in other localities. In particular, the eastern branch is the most juvenile sector and has increased geothermal potential related to hot fluids migrating along permeable faults. Tanzania was crossed from north to south, along the eastern arm of the EARS, to collect gas, water, rock and sediment samples associated with natural hot springs, lakes and vents. On site, physical and chemical parameters were measured in-situ and documented together with the geology, infrastructure and the domestic use of the hot site. In the south, existing drill sites and geothermal development areas were visited and gas and water samples were taken from boreholes and rocks sampled from drill cores. The survey covered 13 sites, from Lake Natron in the north to Lake Malawi in the south (see map).
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: To enhance the EU's economic autonomy, feasible options for local sourcing of critical raw materials that would allow for shorter supply routes along with ethical and responsible value chains are under contemplation. Social acceptance of mining in Europe is, however, low, and the establishment of new mining sites faces strong public opposition. Therefore, innovative solutions for the production of primary raw materials need to be developed. A new idea for raw material extraction is the extraction of essential elements from geothermal fluids. Deep geothermal fluids, increasingly used for energy production, often contain high concen-trations of dissolved ions and gases in commercially interesting concentrations. The EU-funded project CRM-geothermal aims to develop new technologies to extract these highly relevant elements, including helium, during geothermal production cycles. In this way, an environmentally friendly and socially acceptable exploration and exploitation method could be deployed. One aim of the CRM-geothermal project is to gain an overview of the actual quantities of critical raw materials in various geothermal fluids in Europe by taking and analyzing fluid samples. In Turkey for instance, classical high enthalpy (volcanic) systems exist, which are representative for many geothermal areas worldwide. The sites are located at the edges of tectonic plates and close to areas undergoing volcanic activity. The brines are mixed with seawater and circulate in the deeper crust. The data publication contains analyses results of three gas samples from Tuzla, two samples from Seferihisar geothermal power plant and one sample from the Dikili geothermal field in Turkey, taken in 2023 as part of the CRM-geothermal project.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-06-13
    Description: The here referenced dataset provides eventbased Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) recordings made with an approximately 22 km long dark telecommunication fiber lying in urban Potsdam and surroundings. For each of 164 Mgt;=5 earthquakes occurring in February 2023 and listed by the USGS, one hour of data is provided starting with the event's origin time. Additionally, the whole day of February 14 is provided in hourly files. The data was recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: This data set is digital image correlation data, including surface displacement and strain data from laboratory subduction megathrust earthquake cycles. The data consists of grids of surface strain (elastic and permanent), trench-normal surface displacement, vorticity and divergence maps over analog seismic cycles, and time series of surface displacement. The data have been derived using a stereo camera setup and processed with LaVision Davis 10 software. Detailed descriptions of the experiments and results regarding the surface pattern of the strain can be found in Kosari et al. (2023), to which this data set is supplementary. We use three configurations to mimic the along-strike heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution of frictional locking (Rosenau et al., 2019; Kosari et al., 2022b). A central patch separates two stick-slip zones as an aseismic barrier in all configurations. The frictional properties of the central patch vary as a velocity-strengthening (VS configuration), a velocity-neutral (VN), and a velocity-weakening (VW configuration). The VW zone generates smaller slip events with a higher frequency (i.e., recurrence interval) than the stick-slip zones. Four frictionally different materials have been emplaced on the interface: The sticky-rice as velocity-weakening material (a-blt;0) resulting in stick-slip cycles simulating earthquake cycles, fine-grained sugar and rubber-sand mixture as velocity-strengthening (a-bgt;0) and velocity-neutral (a-b=0) material, and fine-grained salt as velocity-weakening material (a-blt;0) (Kosari et al., 2023).
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2023-06-22
    Description: This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, digital image correlation [DIC] analysis, and topography analysis), and internal evolution (X-ray CT-imagery and DIC analysis) of four laboratory experiments (analogue models) simulating lithospheric-scale rifting. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan amp; Schreurs (2023a and b).
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-06-22
    Description: The present dataset is a comprehensive earthquake catalogue for the Northern Chile subduction zone forearc covering the period 2007-2021, determined from IPOC seismic station data (GFZ and CNRS-INSU 2006; https://doi.org/10.14470/pk615318) plus some auxiliary stations (IPOC = Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile; http://www.ipoc-network.org). The method of automatized earthquake catalogue retrieval, the different relocation steps as well as the different earthquake class labels, and the structures outlined by the seismicity are described in detail in Sippl et al. (2023). The catalogue builds on the one from Sippl et al. (2018; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2018.001), but uses a slightly deviating parameter set and a new event category. The columns of the data files are: year, month, day, hour, minute, second, latitude [dec. degrees], longitude [dec. degrees], depth [km], magnitude [ML], identifier The identifier term provides a first-order spatial classification of the seismicity, an explanation is given in Sippl et al. (2023).
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-08-25
    Description: This data set includes overviews and videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photographs, topography data and digital image correlation [DIC] analysis) of 6 analogue models simulating rotational rift tectonics. In these experiments we examined the links between rotational rifting and different distributions of lithospheric weaknesses, and the evolution of the East African Rift System. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023).
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: The REHEATFUNQ Python package helps to work with the (residual) scatter of surface heat flow even in small regions. REHEATFUNQ uses a stochastic model for regional aggregate heat flow distributions (RAHFD), that is, the collected set of heat flow measurements within a region marginalized to the heat flow dimension. The stochastic model is used in a Bayesian analysis that (1) yields a posterior estimate of the RAHFD which captures the range of heat flow within the analysis region, and (2) quantifies the magnitude of a surface heat flow anomaly within the region, for instance through the generating frictional power. The stochastic model underlying REHEATFUNQ views heat flow data, uniformly sampled across the region of interest, as a random variable. A gamma distribution is used as a model for this random variable and information from the global data set of Lucazeau (2019) is introduced by means of a conjugate prior (Miller, 1980). The detailed science behind the model is described in Ziebarth et al. (202X). The analysis by Ziebarth et al. (202X) can be reproduced through the Jupyter notebooks contained in the subdirectory “jupyter/REHEATFUNQ/”. The location specified in the map below covers the region to which REHEAFUNQ is applied in this analysis. REHEATFUNQ is a Python package that uses a compiled Cython/C++ backend. Compiling REHEATFUNQ requires the Meson build system and a number of scientific libraries and Python packages (and their dependencies) that are listed in the documentation. A Docker image “reheatfunq” is provided as an alternative means of installation. The Docker image comes in two flavors, specified in “Dockerfile” and “Dockerfile-stable”. The former is based on the current “python:slim” image and downloads further dependencies through the Debian package manager, leading to a short image generation time. The latter bootstraps the REHEATFUNQ dependencies from source, aiming to create a reproducible model. To do so, “Dockerfile-stable” depends on the sources contained in “vendor-1.3.3.tar.xz”. If you plan to build the stable image, download both “REHEATFUNQ-1.3.3.tar.gz” and “vendor-1.3.3.tar.xz”, and see the README contained in the latter. Later versions of the “REHEATFUNQ” archive are compatible with the latest “vendor” archive. A quickstart introduction and the API documentation can be found in the linked documentation.
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  • 16
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    GFZ Data Services
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: This dataset includes 1-hour GNSS coordinate product processed by GFZ. The observations are from the two GNSS station installed by BKG on the small offshore island of Heligoland in the North Sea. These products are hourly position time series (North, East and Vertical). The 30-second daily RINEX files since 2020 are downloaded from BKG. Together with 5 IGS stations in Europe, the collected RINEX data are processed with the Earth Parameter and Orbit System (EPOS) software from GFZ. The EPOS software uses un-difference carrier phase and pseudo-range observables from GPS and GLONASS L1 and L2 frequencies. They formed an ionosphere-free linear combination to remove the first-order ionosphere effect in the observation. The phase center variation (PCV/PCO) of the satellite and ground station antenna are corrected by IGb14. The station deformation caused by ocean tide loading is modeled by the FES2004 model. Apriori zenith hydro-static/non-hydro-static delay is obtained using the Global Pressure and Temperature model (GPT2) and Vienna mapping functions (VMF) in a 6-hour grid file database. To ensure consistency in the GNSS data analysis, we took the GNSS precise satellite orbits as well as clock products from the 2nd reprocessed (before 2014) and routine (since 2015) yield by EPOS software. The same station parameters are set up as used for the GNSS orbit and clock estimation. All the GNSS data were processed in units of 24 hours periods. The estimated parameters are (i) the receiver clock error for every epoch as white noise, (ii) the hourly station coordinates, (iii) daily tropospheric gradients, (iv) the daily inter-system clock bias for GLONASS, and (v) 2-hour tropospheric wet zenith delays with random-walk constrain.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: The Community Stress Drop Validation Study has been organized as a technical activity group (TAG) of SCEC (Southern California Earthquake Center) with the aim of investigating the source parameters of the 2019 Ridgecrest seismic sequence in California. Information about the stress drop TAG are available trough the benchmark web-page (https://www.scec.org/research/stress-drop-validation). Several groups applied different techniques to a shared data set with the objective of extracting source parameters (e.g. seismic moment and corner frequency) and in turn to estimate the stress drop. We applied a spectral decomposition approach known as generalized inversion technique (GIT) and the overall analyses are presented in a series of two articles (Bindi et al 2023a; Bindi et al 2023b). Results in the form of files, figures, and tables are disseminated through this archive.
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: The network consists of a vertical borehole array equipped with 3C sensors (geophones) for the analysis of swarm earthquakes in the Western Bohemia / Vogtland area located in the German/Czech border region. A surface array is completing the 3D observation of the wave field with 3C sensors (geophones). Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6A, and is embargoed until FEB 2035.
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: An annually resolved chronologies of oxygen isotopes from five living oak (Quercus robur) trees have been measured from tree ring cellulose covering up to the last 180 years (1836CE – 2020CE). This tree-ring stable isotope data set was established within the ‘Terrestrial Environmental Observatories’ (TERENO) of the Helmholtz Association. The site “Lake Tiefer See” is subject to the TERENO monitoring activities at the Northeast German Lowland Observatory coordinated by the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. The data set comprises the δ18O records with respect to the international VSMOW standard. Lake Tiefer See (53°350 N, 12°320 E) is located 90 km NNW of Berlin in the morainic terrain of the NE-German Polish Basin. It is part of in the N–S trending Klocksin Lake Chain. The sampled trees are growing at the southern shore of the lake. Fifteen co-dominant Quercus robur tree individuals were cored at about 1.3m above ground from two opposite positions using an increment corer of 5 mm diameter (Suunto, Finland or Mora, Sweden).
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: Discordant iron-rich ultramafic pegmatites (IRUPs) intersect the UG2 chromitite at many places in the Bushveld Complex but the effects on ore grade and mineralogy have rarely been studied in detail. We investigated a drillcore profile through the UG2 layer affected by IRUP intrusions at Tha-ba mine, NW Bushveld. The work involved quantitative assessment of the ore mineralogy from mineral liberation analysis (MLA), chemical analyses of the main silicate and oxide minerals by elec-tron microprobe (EPMA) and micro-X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) element maps of the UG2-IRUP contacts. The data reveal features of UG2-IRUP interaction at different scales. The micro-XRF study of the contacts shows that a thin layer of Fe-Ti-Cr spinel and ilmenite formed on the IRUP side, while chromite on the UG2 side underwent grain coarsening with loss of interstitial space, and developed chemical gradients in Cr, Al, Fe and Ti. On a larger scale, the MLA data document changes in ore and gangue mineral assemblages through most of the meter-thick UG2 layer. This includes formation of secondary hydrous silicates, replacement of PGE- sulfides by PGE alloys and PGE- As-Sb-Bi-Te-Pb phases, and formation of secondary Ni-Cu-Fe sulfides after pentlandite and chalcopyrite.
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: SAM ("Simplified Analytical Model") is a MatLab-based software that allows for fast and flexible simulations of three-dimensional dyke pathways in an elastic medium. The model was first introduced in "Mechanical modeling of pre-eruptive magma propagation scenarios at calderas" (Mantiloni, L. et al. 2023). In SAM, dykes are modelled as penny-shaped cracks of fixed radius, opening against the local direction of the least-compressive principal stress. The direction of propagation is determined by the gradient of the external stress normal to the crack's plane and the buoyancy force of the magma filling the dyke, calculated at a set of observation points along the crack's tipline. The model can also include a uniform internal pressure within the dyke and compute the stress intensity factor along the crack's tipline, comparing it to the fracture toughness of the host rock to determine if the dyke will advance. SAM needs a model for the stress field of the host rock as input, as well as magma and rock densities, rock elastic properties, the dyke's radius and the number of observation points. The model may be applied to simulate dyke pathways in realistic volcanic settings with different stress sources, and can perform large numbers of simulations in little time. The model does not, however, account for any viscous flow of magma within the dyke, nor the velocity of dyke propagation. Dykes cannot change shape or area during the propagation, and are always bound to be oriented normally to the local least-compressive principal stress axis. This repository also includes data and parameters of the synthetic scenarios discussed in "Mechanical modeling of pre-eruptive magma propagation scenarios at calderas".
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: As the negative impacts of hydrological extremes increase in large parts of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of change in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. To fill this gap, we present an IAHS Panta Rhei benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e. two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area (Kreibich et al. 2017, 2019). The contained 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas (in three study areas we have data on two paired events), which cover different socioeconomic and hydroclimatic contexts across all continents. The dataset is unique in covering floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed and in the amount of qualitative and quantitative socio-hydrological data contained. References to the data sources are provided in 2023-001_Kreibich-et-al_Key_data_table.xlsx where possible. Based on templates, we collected detailed, review-style reports describing the event characteristics and processes in the case study areas, as well as various semi-quantitative data, categorised into management, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts. Sources of the data were classified as follows: scientific study (peer-reviewed paper and PhD thesis), report (by governments, administrations, NGOs, research organisations, projects), own analysis by authors, based on a database (e.g. official statistics, monitoring data such as weather, discharge data, etc.), newspaper article, and expert judgement. The campaign to collect the information and data on paired events started at the EGU General Assembly in April 2019 in Vienna and was continued with talks promoting the paired event data collection at various conferences. Communication with the Panta Rhei community and other flood and drought experts identified through snowballing techniques was important. Thus, data on paired events were provided by professionals with excellent local knowledge of the events and risk management practices.
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2023-11-06
    Description: GRACE monthly gravity field solutions starting from April 2002 to June 2017 up to degree and order 90 computed with the Celestial Mechanics Approach at AIUB. The time series is an updated of AIUB-RL02 GRACE monthly gravity field time series using Level-1B GRACE data and updated background models. The dataset is created within the framework of the G3P - Global Gravity-based Groundwater Product project (https://www.g3p.eu/), this project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870353.
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-11-06
    Description: This dataset contains measurements of viscous and viscoelastic materials that are used for analogue modelling. Proper density and viscosity scaling of ductile layers in the crust and lithosphere, requires materials like Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), to be mixed with fillers and low viscoity silicone oils. Changing the filler content and filler material, the density, viscosity and power-law coefficient can be tuned according to the requirements. All materials contain a large amount of PDMS and all but one a small amount of an additional silicone oil. Adding plasticine or barium sulfate lead to shear thinning rheologies with power-law exponents of p〈0.95. Adding corundum powder only has a minor effect on the power-law exponent. Some mixtures also have an apparent yield point but all are in the liquid state in the tested range. In general, the rheologies of the materials are very complex and in some cases strongly temperature dependent. However, in the narrow range of relevant strain rates, the behaviour is well defined by a power-law relation and thus found suitable for simulating ductile layers in crust and lithosphere.
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2023-11-06
    Description: “This ocean-bottom seismometer deployment is part of the SEAMSTRESS project examining tectonic stress effects on Arctic methane seepage. The project is led by PI Andreia Plaza-Faverola at the Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrates, University of Tromsö, Norway. A total of 10 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) were deployed on Vestnesa Ridge, a sediment drift body just north Knipovich Ridge at its intersection with the Molloy Transform fault (cruise CAGE-20-5). The aim of the experiment was to look for stress release along faults that control seepage sites on Vestnesa Ridge. The network consisted of 8 Lobster type broadband OBS from the German Instrument Pool for Amphibian Seismology (DEPAS) and 2 3C geophones provided by the University of Tromsö. Instruments were free-fall deployed and spaced by about 10 km. They recorded continuously at 100 Hz for 11 months between August 2020 and July 2021.Short, intersecting refraction profiles were shot across all OBS stations, such that OBS positions at the seafloor could be determined within 10 m (cruise CAGE-21-3). Clock drift in this experiment was nonlinear and skew values were only obtained for 6 of the stations. Skew-corrected station VSN01 served as reference station to obtain the clock drift of all other stations using noise cross-correlation and subsequently correct also for the thus determined nonlinearity of time drift. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code Y9 and are embargoed until July 2025.
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2023-10-23
    Description: In support of the Environmental Mapping & Analysis Program (EnMAP) mission [1], the acquisition of accurate and comparable spectroradiometric in-situ measurements is crucial for vicarious validation of the official EnMAP data products [2]. This document provides a guide on properly conducting spectroradiometric field measurements within the scope of EnMAP. It is a summary, of the detailed technical handbook developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) [3], the approach established by the Remote Sensing Laboratories (RSL, University of Zurich) [4], on the bases of „Progress in field spectroscopy“ [5], “Field and airborne spectroscopy cross validation - Some considerations” [6] and the experience gained throughout numerous validation efforts for air- and spaceborne sensors by the Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics section at the GFZ Potsdam that have been specially adapted for EnMAP purposes. The following procedure should be used when conducting in-situ measurements of terrestrial surfaces to obtain consistent measurements by applying a repeatable approach throughout the validation phase of the EnMAP mission.
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Physical samples (or specimen or artefacts) represent the origin of research results in many scientific disciplines. Assigning persistent identifier (PID) to samples is a fundamental step to make them discoverable and traceable in unambiguous way over the Web. The International Generic Sample Number (IGSN) is a PID for physical samples and connecting these with their online description following a dedicated metadata schema. Sample descriptions of samples are available in various formats and detail. In order to publish them in a standardized manner and to automate and standardize the preparation and processing, the software product SAMIRA (Sample IGSN Registration Automation) was created as part of the Project FAIR WISH, funded by the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC). SAMIRA aims to automate the generation of Metadata XML-Files for the Registration of PIDs from different input sources (e.g. the FAIR Samples Template, Wiezcorek et al., 2023). This first version of SAMIRA implements the creation of IGSN metadata and Datacite metadata and the respective registration.
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests on corundum sand “NKF120” used in analogue modelling of tectonic processes as a rock analogue for “strong” or “high density” layers in the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Klinkmüller et al., 2016) or as an additive to PDMS silicone oil to increase its density and non-linearity (Zwaan et al., 2018). According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of corundum sand are µP = 0.75, µD = 0.57, and µR = 0.62, respectively (Table 5). Cohesion of the material ranges between 100-150 Pa. The material shows a minor rate-weakening of ~1% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v and a stick-slip behaviour at low shear velocities. The tested bulk material consists of corundum sand with grain size of 90-120 µm (Table 1). Corundum sand is produced as industrial abrasive materials and sold e.g. by the company Nico Bosse Strahlmittel Berlin. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at HelTec, the Laboratory for experimental tectonics at the Helmholtz Center Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany.
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This dataset contains predictions of Earth orientation parameters (EOP) submitted during the Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (2nd EOP PCC). The 2nd EOP PCC has been carried out by Centrum Badań Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk CBK PAN in Warsaw in cooperation with the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (Germany) and under the auspices of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) within the IERS Working Group on the 2nd EOP PCC. The purpose of the campaign was to re-assess the current capabilities of EOP forecasting and to find most reliable prediction approaches. The operational part of the campaign lasted between September 1, 2021 and December 28, 2022. Throughout the duration of the 2nd EOP PCC, registered campaign participants submitted forecasts for all EOP parameters, including dX, dY, dPsi, dEps (components of celestial pole offsets), polar motion, differences between universal time and coordinated universal time, and its time-derivative length-of-day change. These submissions were made to the EOP PCC Office every Wednesday before the 20:00 UTC deadline. The predictions were then evaluated once the geodetic final EOP observations from the forecasted period became available. Each participant could register more than one method, and each registered method was assigned an individual ID, which was used, e.g., for file naming. The dataset contains text files with predicted parameters as submitted by campaign participants and MATLAB file which is a database with all correct predictions from each participant loaded into a structure.
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests on garnet sand used in analogue modelling of tectonic processes as a rock analogue for “strong” or “high density” layers in the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Klinkmüller et al., 2016). According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of garnet sand are µP = 0.83, µD = 0.61, and µR = 0.73, respectively (Table 5). Cohesion of the material ranges between 20-120 Pa. The material shows a no significant rate-dependency. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at HelTec, the Laboratory for experimental tectonics at the Helmholtz Center Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany. The RST is specially designed to measure friction coefficients µ and cohesions C in loose granular material accurately at low confining pressures (〈20 kPa) and shear velocities (〈1 mm/sec) similar to sandbox experiments. In this tester, a granular bulk material layer is sheared internally at constant normal stress σN and shear velocity v while shear force and lid displacement (corresponding to density and volume change ΔV) are measured continuously. For more details see Klinkmüller et al. (2016).
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: The Kupferschiefer districts in Central Europe contain some of the world’s highest-grade sediment-hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits (see Borg et al., 2012). The high-grade sulfide mineralization in the organic matter-rich marine mudstones of the Kupferschiefer (T1), and also in the underlying continental sandstones of the uppermost Rotliegend (S1) and overlying Zechstein Limestone (Ca1), in the Saale subbasin (Eastern Germany) are dominantly formed as a replacement of calcite cement (Mohammedyasin et al., 2023). We provide carbonate major element chemistry, carbon isotope composition of organic matter, and calcite carbon and oxygen isotope microanalysis datasets of drill core samples from the Saale subbasin in Eastern Germany. The samples include the uppermost Rotliegend sandstone (S1), Kupferschiefer (T1) mudstones and lowermost Zechstein Limestone (Ca1), referred as the Kupferschiefer system, from three drill cores (Sangerhausen, Allstedt and Wallendorf).
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2023-10-06
    Description: We present a Python application to download events and data from FDSN webservices (https://www.fdsn.org/webservices/) and compute the events energy Magnitude (Me), producing outputs in several formats (QuakeML, HDF, CSV, HTML). This software has been used to compile a seismic catalogue including Me estimated form P-waves recorded at teleseismic distances in the range 20° ≤ ∆ ≤ 98°, available at GFZ Data Services (Bindi et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.6.2023.010). The software complete pipeline (download and energy magnitude computation) can be deployed locally via terminal commands or chained and scheduled on a server to compute the energy magnitude in semi-realtime (e.g. daily or weekly).
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-11-14
    Description: This dataset comprises 47 fluid samples from 11 geothermal sites (Germany, Austria, Iceland, Turkey, Netherlands, Belgium, French West Indies). The samples were collected within the REFLECT project (Redefining geothermal properties at extreme conditions to optimize future geothermal energy extraction). The focus with these analyses were on the organic compound composition of the fluids, since they are rarely included in the analyses of fluids taken from geothermal power plants. Understanding the organic compound composition of geothermal fluids might help to better understand chemical reactions within the fluids and might help to mitigate problems that arise with the operation of a geothermal power plant such as mineral precipitation (scaling) and corrosion of the casing and pipes.
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: This data publication presents quantitative DNA data obtained through fluorometric detection of genomic DNA and the estimation of 16S rRNA gene copies using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The data encompasses various soil and rock samples collected across a climate gradient. The DNA was extracted using a protocol enabling the separate analysis of intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) from the same sample. The primary objective of this study was to enhance a previously established method developed by Alawi et al. (2014) for analyzing terrestrial samples by introducing modifications to the extraction buffer. Phosphate buffers at two different concentrations (120 mM and 300 mM), EDTA (300 mM), and a high-concentration phosphate buffer in combination with EDTA (300 mM each) were tested in conjunction with a detergent mix (detailed in Medina et al., 2023; submitted). Thorough tests, including spiked DNA experiments and cell counts, were conducted on one low biomass sample to validate the extraction setups. The two most effective extraction protocols were then applied to all samples from the four designated sites and compared with the phosphate buffer described by Alawi et al. (2014), resulting in the calculation of improvement factors. The resulting dataset provides valuable quantitative DNA information and estimates of 16S rRNA gene copies across diverse soil and rock samples along a climate gradient. The modifications made to the extraction buffer demonstrated improved efficiency in extracting especially iDNA compared to the original method. These findings contribute to the refinement and optimization of DNA extraction protocols for terrestrial samples, enabling more accurate and comprehensive analyses of microbial communities in different environments.
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: The overarching goal of the Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys (DOVE) project will be to date the age and extent of past glaciations. Formerly-glaciated areas are often characterized by deeply incised structures, often filled by Quaternary deposits. These buried troughs and valleys were formed by glacial overdeepening, likely caused by pressurized subglacial meltwater below warm-based glaciers. Results of this drilling campaign, supported by new dating technologies, will further provide critical data on 'how' and 'at which rate' glacial erosion affects such mountain ranges and their foreland. These processes are also of fundamental importance for evaluating the safety of radioactive waste disposal sites, which are planned in areas of former glaciations. Moreover, results of this project will fill gaps in the knowledge of paleoclimate and atmospheric circulation patterns during past glacial epochs and how these patterns affected ice build-up. The operational data sets include the drill core documentation from the mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS), full round core scans, MSCL data sets, a preliminary core description and the geophysical downhole logging data that were acquired during and subsequent to the drilling operations. All downhole logs and core depth were subject to depth correction to a common depth master (cf. operational report for detailed information). The data are described by two scientific reports, the Operational Report (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.001) and the Explanatory Remarks on the Operational Datasets (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.002).
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: This data publication represents the main outcomes of WP1.200 of Individual Project IP1 and Deliverable D1.1 of the research unit NEROGRAV. The goal of WP1.200 was the realistic representation of modern ocean tide model uncertainties in the form of empirical Variance-Covariance Matrices (VCMs) for the utilization in satellite gravimetric dealiasing. In the following, we describe the data set generation and format. A more detailed description of the processing strategy of the data set can be found in Abrykosov et al. (2021).
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The three datasets presented here are high-resolution catalogs containing origin time of seismic events for the same region and time range that have derived using AI-based techniques and a matched filter search. The corresponding standard catalogs from the agencies AFAD and KOERI are available under https://tdvms.afad.gov.tr/ (last accessed 28/07/2022) and http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/earthquake-catalog/ (last accessed 28/07/2022), respectively, when searching in the bulletin for longitude 28.80-29.10, latitude 40.4-40.625, and from November 1st 2018 to January 31th, 2019. Specifications for the three catalogs are. (i) Catalog derived utilizing AI-based techniques. We applied the PhaseNet deep learning method (Zhu & Beroza, 2019) to detect and pick the P-and S- waves of seismic events embedded in continuous seismic recordings from 16 stations surrounding the region of interest resampled at 100 Hz. The method was trained on a dataset from Northern California, but has been shown to generalize well to other tectonic settings. The picks were associated into seismic events using the GaMMA association method (Zhu et al., 2022). Manual check of the waveforms from all detections led to 516 seismic events with clear waveforms retained for further processing. (ii) Template matching catalog A. We applied the matched filter algorithm EQcorrscan (Chamberlain et al., 2017) to the two nearby seismic stations with the largest data recovery during the period of interest, ARMT and MDNY. We utilized 14 manually picked template events with M 〉 2 that occurred in the region of interest during the analyzed time period, which were recorded in both stations. As a first criteria to remove false detections, we retained only detections exhibiting a Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) larger than eight. We required detections from different templates to be at least 1.5 seconds apart. To remove duplicate detections (e.g., detections of the same event by different templates), we retained the detections with the highest average correlation if multiple detections occurred within 2.5 seconds. As a second criteria, we calculated cross-correlation derived phase-picks. A pick was declared if the maximum normalized correlation between the signal of the template event and of the detection exceeds 0.7. We correlated the signals in a short window of ±0.3 seconds around the assumed pick time based on a time-shifted version of the template phase-pick. We retained the S-pick exhibiting the higher cross-correlation value with respect to the template. Following this step, we considered only detections with ≥ 2 picks. In case of events with only two picks we ensured that that were from the same station to have control on the ts-tp and therefore the distance of the event from the detecting station. This catalog contains 2,462 seismic events (all manually reviewed) with magnitudes MW in the range [-2.4, 4.5]. Since we were not able to locate the events from this catalog, we considered as “origin time” the time of the first arrival. (iii) Template matching catalog B. We derived a second template matching catalog utilizing twelve of the closest seismic stations displaying high seismic data recovery during the analyzed time period. An initial list of detections was generated following the same steps as for the Template Matching Catalog A, with the additional requirement that all detections must contain at least one picks from one of the two closest stations, ARMT and MDNY. All detections from this catalog were also manually reviewed. The full description of the data processing and creation of the catalog is provided in the article “Stress changes can trigger earthquake sequences in a hydrothermal region south of Istanbul” by Martínez-Garzón et al., currently under review in Geophysical Research Letters.
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The GFZ-Landsvirkjun Theistareykir Fibre array is located in the Theytareykir geothermal area, in North Iceland. It is collocated with arrays of broadband seismometers and gravity meters (see e.g., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-021-00208-w). The geometry of the fibre array is following the telecom network in the area, and was chosen to test the seismological capabilities of telecom cables in this geothermal environment. We connected an iDAS V2 interrogator from Silixa. The interrogator location is lat=65.898041, lon=-16.966274. The array starts N-S and after 1.5 km, turns towards the East, up to a local transmission antenna station for mobile phones. The length of the path is ~5 km. The length of the cable is actually more than 15 km, as other fibre instance is connected at the transmission antenna station.. Jumps were performed along the cable to geo-locate the channels. The exact location of the fibre can unfortunately not be disclosed. Original recordings at 1000 Hz were downsampled to 200 Hz using a software from INGV-OE (michele.prestifilippo@ingv.it) and are provided in an h5 format. We provide here the first fibre instance (5 km long). The data contain 1 h long recording intervals framing M>5 teleseismic earthquakes recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: In 2020 and 2021 the STIMTEC-X hydraulic stimulation experiment was performed at ca.~130 m below surface at the Reiche Zeche underground research laboratory in Freiberg, Saxony/Germany. The project temporally followed the STIMTEC experiment at the same site and aimed at understanding the stress heterogeneity of the anisotropic and metamorphic gneiss rock mass. The STIMTEC-X experiment applied the hydraulic stimulation technique in several boreholes at the mine-scale. Complementary to the stimulations, there were active seismic ultrasonic transmission data acquired before the stimulations. We use a seismic monitoring network consisting of six single-component acoustic emission (AE) sensors (sensitivity 1-60 kHz), six hydrophone-like AE sensors (sensitivity 1-40 kHz) and four to twelve single-component Wilcoxon accelerometers (sensitivity 50 Hz-25 kHz). The AE sensors and remained stationary in sub-horizontal and upwards reaching boreholes, the accelerometers were mostly installed along the tunnel walls with one accelerometer in a shallow borehole in each tunnel, and the hydrophone-like AE sensors were installed in the down-going water filled boreholes, but repositioned for each measurement campaign (Figure 1). This data set of 120 active ultrasonic transmission (UT) measurements is supplementary to Boese et al. (2022, in review), which introduces some of the active measurement campaigns of the STIMTEC-X experiment in detail. The whole data set togetter with the “Ultrasonic transmission measurements from six boreholes from the STIMTEC experiment, Reiche Zeche Mine, Freiberg (Saxony, Germany)” [https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.2.2021.002] was used to evaluate performance measures such as sensitivity and frequency bandwith, coupling, placement and polarity of the hydrophone-like AE sensor compared to AE sensors. The active seismic data provided here are from seven boreholes (BH01, BH05, BH06, BH10, BH14, BH18, BH19) as shown in Figure 1. There are nine tables provided as metadata of which seven contain the STIMTEC-X sensor coordinates for each measurement campaign, the event information of all the 120 UT measurements and the UT picks. The UT measurements were recorded with a sampling rate of 1 MHz and results from an automatic stack of 1024 UT pulses generated by the ultrasonic transmitter and recorded by the STIMTEC-X sensors. The UT measurements are saved in binary file format (fsf file format). Fsf-files can be processed with FOCI software: https://www.induced.pl/software/foci. Each fsf file contains 32768 samples, which corresponds to 0.032768 seconds. All UT event files were manual inspected and phase arrivals identified. These are stored in the fsf-file header as well as in the table STIMTECX_UT_picks.csv.
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The Mallik Anticline is a geologic structure in the Mackenzie Delta in the Canadian Arctic. Tectonics throughout the Cenozoic, with compressional phases in the early Eocene to the late Miocene, formed this large, domed structure that is today an important source of hydrocarbons. Gas hydrates occur in the clastic sedimentary rocks of the Oligocene to Pleistocene Kugmallite, Mackenzie Bay, and Iperk sequences, which were essentially formed by deltaic processes. The presence of hydrocarbon gases within the permafrost zone in the Canadian Arctic has led to extensive exploration and production activities in the region since the mid-1960s, and the investigations by geologists and geophysicists have already been published in numerous scientific articles to date. The associated report (Chabab and Kempka, 2023) describes the implementation of the first field-scale 3D static geologic model of the Mallik site, which was created using data from well logs and 2D seismic reflection profiles. The dataset presented here provides elevation depths and thickness data of the three distinct sequence boundaries Kugmallit-Richards, Mackenzie Bay-Kugmallit and Iperk-Mackenzie Bay as well as fault data from the Mallik site.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: For the integration of this dataset, several research articles were collected from the catalog of The Global Heat Flow Data Assessment Project. Specially, this data publication encloses all heat-flow data of onshore India. The resulting updated database contains 617 determinations of heat-flow from 36 publications. The data are presented according to the standards defined by the World Heat Flow Database Project and the International Heat Flow Commission (Fuchs et al., 2023)
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: At valley glaciers, rockwall erosion supplies debris to glacier surfaces. Once deposited on the ice, rockwall debris is passively entrained and becomes part of the glacial system, e.g., forming medial moraines as downglacier transport continues. Where debris occurs supraglacial, it modifies ice ablation and, thus, changes in rockwall erosion and debris supply rates modify glacial debris cover and mass balance and may affect glacier retreat in response to climate change. Yet, estimates on rockwall erosion rates close to glacier surfaces are few and quantifying spatiotemporal supply patterns is not trivial. This data publication is supplementary to the study on rockwall erosion rates at five Swiss valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla, by Wetterauer & Scherler (2023). We temporally and spatially assess rockwall erosion by measuring in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be concentrations ('[10Be]measured') in medial moraine debris, which we systematically sampled along downglacier-profiles, and by comparing records from various medial moraines, which are supplied by rockwalls differing in exposure and morphology. However, as '[10Be]measured' within supraglacial debris is the sum of '[10Be]rockwall', accumulated during rockwall erosion, and '[10Be]transport', accumulated during post-depositional downglacier transport, medial moraine '[10Be]measured' should be corrected for '[10Be]transport'. If glacier velocities through time are known, '[10Be]transport' can be estimated by downglacier debris trajectory modelling. Providing our 10Be dataset and ~40-year records of glacier surface velocities from four of the five valley glaciers (Glacier du Brenay, Glacier de Cheilon, Glacier de Pièce, Glacier de Tsijiore Nouve) is the main objective of this data publication. The dataset of the fifth glacier (Glacier d’Otemma) has already been published as case study by Wetterauer et al. (2022a,b).
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: In October 2021, GFZ installed together with INGV Catania, Iraci and ASIR Ltd (Advances Seismic Instrumentation & Research) the very first seismic borehole broadband seismometers at two selected sites at Mt. Etna, Sicily (see Fig. 1). The installation was completed under the EU-funded project ‘SiC nano for PicoGeo’ (http://www.picogeo.eu/). Site one is located next to the Astrophysical Observatory at Serra La Nave (SLN) and site two is located in the city of Mascalucia (MAS). At each site one borehole broadband seismometer was permanently installed (cemented) at approximately 70 m depth. In approx. 1-2m distance, a second ground-level borehole 4.5 Hz Geophone was temporarily installed (sanded) at 1 m depth until July 2022 (see Fig. 2). The ground-level geophones served as a local surface reference sensor to better evaluate the increase of signal quality from surface to depth. Test data were evaluated between October 2021 and July 2022. Sensor settings were adjusted during this time period to obtain the best possible data resolution at both test sites. This data publication compiles a segment of waveform recordings utilized for the assessment of data quality from the two installed broadband borehole seismometers, along with noise plots (Fig. 3-5) illustrating the enhancements in the data quality of frequency ranges compared to surface sensors at Mt. Etna.
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The dataset is an extended and updated version of the homogenized regional earthquake catalogue of the Marmara region, north-western Turkey, presented in Bohnhof et al. (2017) and Wollin et al. (2018). It is built on the regional Turkish seismicity catalogues provided by AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) and KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute) and spans the time interval 2006-2020. All events available in these two catalogues in the wider Marmara region were combined and dublicate events removed. A total of 13812 events having at least 6 P- and/or S-picks were located using the NLLoc software (Lomax et al., 2000, 2009) in Octtree mode utilizing automatic picks (see Wollin et al., 2018 for details) for all available waveforms. The magnitude range is between M0.3 and M5.7 with time-variable magnitude of completeness and covers the area 39.70S-41.50S and 26.0E-30.65E. The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file.
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: This dataset provides point-shapefiles and geotiffs, related to the figures presented in (Frick et al., 2022a, 2022b). It covers most of northern Germany, with the boundaries defined by the extent of the North German Basin, which is part of the Central European Basin System. The files contain information on the depth (m.b.s. = meter below surface), thickness, temperature, heat in place and heat storage potential of selected geological units and the formations therein. These data are an addendum to the data presented in (Frick et al., 2022a, 2022b), resolving 5 geological units and 9 formations. The data are presented as regularly spaced point-shapefiles, with a spacing of 1000 m. The data were produced as part of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative (HICAM), which focuses on Net Zero 2050 (mitigation) and Adapting to Extreme Events (adaptation). As part of this initiative, estimates of the heat in place and heat storage potential of the subsurface play an important part for mitigation of fossil fuel bound emissions as they pose a promising alternative (geothermal energy). The data presented here, therefore give an overview of areas which might be suited for geothermal applications in the different geothermal target units and formations. We integrated the recently published TUNB Model (BGR et al., 2021) as well as available borehole data, data from the Sandsteinfazies and GeoPoNDD projects (Franz et al., 2018, 2015) and temperature data from two models (Agemar et al., 2014; Frick et al., 2021) the process of which will be described in the following.
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: IGMAS+ is a software combining 3-D forward and inverse modeling, interactive visualization and interdisciplinary interpretation of potential fields and their applications under geophysical and geological data constrains. The software has a long history starting 1988 and has seen continuous improvement since then with input by many contributors. Since 2019, IGMAS+ is maintained and developed at The Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences by the staff of Section 4.5 – Basin Modelling and Section 5.2 – eScience Centre with strong ongoing support by H.-J. Götze and S. Schmidt from CAU Kiel. The official webpage of IGMAS+ is available at https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/igmas. Each major version of IGMAS+ is assigned with a DOI. Intermediate releases including changelog can be found at https://git.gfz-potsdam.de/igmas/igmas-releases/-/releases/. This is a collection DOI referring to all versions of IGMAS+. Links to each published version are redundantly available via the "Files" section and the Related Work section ("includes").
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The GFZ Potsdam HART (Hazard and Risk Team) in cooperation with the DFG research training group 2043 NatRiskChange at Potsdam University has enabled the acquisition of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and high-resolution optical data which were acquired between 22 September 2021 and 24 October 2021 by the Milan Geoservice company, Spremberg, Germany. This data acquisition took place in the Eifel regions of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and Rhineland-Palatinate (RLP), which were hit by the 14 July 2021 precipitation event leading to widespread severe inundations, flash floods and caused around 185 victims and massive damage to settlements, river geometry and other geomorphic features. The high-resolution ALS and optical data acquisitions aimed at the documentation and quantification of the extent of flood related changes and destructions as well as their reappraisal before diffusion erases traces. Thus, the generated data are valuable for forensic event analysis and future attempts on flood forecasting and warning in the context of scientific and practical purposes.
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  • 49
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The classical way to model the stress state in a rock volume is to estimate displacement boundary conditions that minimize the deviation of the modelled stress state with respect to model-independent stress information such as stress magnitude data. However, these data records are usually subject to significant uncertainties and measurement errors. Hence, it has to be expected that not all stress magnitude data records are representative and can be used in a model. In order to identify unreliable stress data records, the stress state that is based on individual data records is solved and compared with observations at a few discrete locations. While this method works, it is not efficient in that most of the solved model scenarios will be discarded. The solving of the entire model consumes immense amount of computation time for a high-resolution model. Yet, the stress state is required at only a very limited number of locations. For linear geomechanical models it is sufficient to estimate the stress state from three model scenarios with arbitrary, but different displacement boundary conditions. These three results can be used to estimate analytically using a linear regression at discrete points stress states based on user-defined boundary conditions. The tool Fast Automatic Stress Tensor Estimation (FAST Estimation) is a Python function that automatizes this approach. FAST Estimation provides very efficiently the stress states at pre-defined locations for all possible boundary conditions. It does not provide the continuous stress field as provided by a solved geomechanical model. Instead, it is a cost-efficient solution for the rapid assessment of stress states at a limited number of discrete locations based on pre-defined boundary conditions.
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: We present a new, consistently processed seismicity catalogue for the Eastern and Southern Alps, based on the temporary dense Swath-D monitoring network. The final catalogue includes 6,053 earthquakes for the time period 2017-2019 and has a magnitude of completeness of −1.0ML. The smallest detected and located events have a magnitude of −1.7ML. Aimed at the low to moderate seismicity in the study region, we generated a multi-level, mostly automatic workflow which combines a priori information from local catalogues and waveform-based event detection, subsequent efficient GPU-based event search by template matching, P & S arrival time pick refinement and location in a regional 3-D velocity model. The resulting seismicity distribution generally confirms the previously identified main seismically active domains, but provides increased resolution of the fault activity at depth. In particular, the high number of small events additionally detected by the template search contributes to a more dense catalogue, providing an important basis for future geological and tectonic studies in this complex part of the Alpine orogen.
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: Here, we present model files and example scripts for the Neural network-based model of Electron density in the Topside ionosphere (NET). The model is based on radio occultation data from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC-1) missions from 2001 until 2019. The NET model is based on alpha-Chapman functions with a linear decay of scale height with altitude, and consists of 4 sub-models (2 parameters of the F2-peak and 2 parameters of the linear scale height decay). The model uses geographic and magnetic latitude and longitude, magnetic local time, day of year, altitude, solar flux index P10.7, geomagnetic activity index Kp, storm-time SYM-H index as inputs. An example data frame to run the model is provided, as well as the Jupyter notebook to perform an example run.
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The Atmosphere and Ocean non-tidal De-aliasing Level-1B (AOD1B) product is widely used in satellite gravimetry to correct for transient effects of atmosphere-ocean mass variability that would otherwise alias into monthly-mean global gravity fields. The most recent release is based on the global ERA5 reanalysis and ECMWF operational data together with simulations from the general ocean circulation model MPIOM consistently forced with fields of the same atmospheric data-set. As background models are inevitably imperfect, residual errors due to aliasing remain. Accounting for the uncertainties of the background model data has, however, proven to be a useful approach to mitigate the impact of residual aliasing. In light of the changes made in the new release of AOD1B, previous uncertainty assessments are deemed too pessimistic and have been revised in the new time-series of true errors: AOe07. One possible way to include the uncertainty information of background models in gravity field estimation or simulation studies is through the computation and application of a variance-covariance matrix that describes the spatio-temporal error characteristics of the background model. The AOe07 variance-covariance-matrix provides this information through (1) a fully populated matrix up to degree and order 40 as well as (2) a diagonal matrix up to degree and order 180.
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: Because of the multi-stepped pathways of sediment comprising the foreland fold-thrust belt (FFTB), detrital quartz grains that recycle from the FFTB sources contain cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN), such as 10Be and 26Al, accumulated during previous exposure, resulting in inheritance and, hence, anomalously low erosion rates. This inhibits the straightforward use of 10Be as tracers for modern erosion rates and sediment discharge from the FFTB, prevalent at the external edges of collisional orogens such as the Himalaya. We present a novel approach for quantifying the erosion rates of FFTB by comparing measured and modeled CRN concentrations in fluvial sediments. We apply this approach to the Mohand Range, an emergent fault-related fold in the frontal part of the northwestern Himalaya (see the location map below). The 10Be and 26Al datasets presented here were used to calibrate our model, which we used to quantify the erosion rates in and sediment flux from the Mohand Range. Datasets provided here include a summary of the location and depositional age of 33 fluvial sediments and two sandstone samples collected from the Mohand Range, 10Be analysis results of 23 of these fluvial sediments and two bedrock samples, and 26Al-10Be pair analysis results of the remaining ten fluvial sediment samples (Dataset S1). Moreover, the data include the depositional age map of uplifted older foreland sediments across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 2) and the map of best-fit 10Be concentration inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion (Dataset 3) and sediment burial in the foreland (Dataset 4). We also include a map of the best-fit 10Be concentration produced during modern erosion of the Mohand Range (Dataset 5) and a map of the best-fit uplift/erosion rates across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 6). For more information (e.g., sampling method, analytical procedure, and data processing), please refer to the main article (Mandal et al., 2023).
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: This data set contains measurements of an underground hydraulic fracture experiment at Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in May and June 2015. The experiment tested various injection schemes for rock fracture stimulation and monitored the resulting seismicity. The primary purpose of the experiment is to identify injection schemes that provide rock fracturing while reducing seismicity or at least mitigate larger seismic events. In total, six tests with three different injection schemes were performed in various igneous rock types. Both the injection process and the accompanied seismicity were monitored. For injection monitoring, the water flow and pressure are provided and additional tests for rock permeability. The seismicity was monitored in both triggered and continuous mode during the tests by high-resolution acoustic emission sensors, accelerometers and broadband seismometers. Both waveform data and seismicity catalogs are provided.
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The data publication contains all heat-flow data of offshore in the Guaymas basin. The data release contains data generated between 1959 and 2019 and constitutes a substantial update and extension compared to the last compilation provided by Becker & Fisher (1991). The data set comprises new heat-flow determinations published after 1991 as well as data from before 1991, which were not included in the Becker & Fisher (1991). The resulting updated database contains 487 determinations of heat-flow at 464 locations from 17 publications. 95% of the reported heat-flow values are determined from marine probe sensing technique and 5% in boreholes.
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: This data publication is supplementary to a study on the climatic controls on leaf wax hydrogen isotopes, by Gaviria-Lugo et al. (submitted). The dataset contains hydrogen isotope ratios from leaf wax n-alkanes (δ2Hwax) taken from soils, river sediments and marine surface sediments along a climatic gradient from hyperarid to humid in Chile. In addition, for each sampling site the hydrogen isotope ratios from precipitation (δ2Hpre) from the grids produced by the Online Isotopes in Precipitation Calculator (OIPC) (Bowen and Revenaugh, 2003). Furthermore, for each sampling site we report mean annual data of precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, relative humidity, and soil moisture, all derived from TerraClimate (Abatzoglou et al., 2018). Also provide data of mean annual temperature and the annual average of maximum daily temperature derived from WorldClim (Fick and Hijmans, 2017). As a final climatic parameter, we also derived data of aridity index from the Consultative Group of the International Agricultural Research Consortium for Spatial Information (CGIARCSI) (Trabucco and Zomer, 2022). In addition to climatic variables, for each site we include land cover fractions of trees, shrubs, grasses, crops, and barren land. These land cover fractions were obtained from Collection 2 of the Copernicus Global Land Cover layers (Buchhorn et al., 2020) via Google Earth Engine. For further comparison here we provide δ2Hwax compiled from 26 publications (see references) that reported both the n-C29 and n-C31 n-alkanes homologues from soils and lake sediments. For each sampling site of the global compilation, we provide δ2Hpre and the same climatic and land cover parameters as for the Chilean data (i.e., precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, relative humidity, soil moisture, aridity index, temperature, fraction of trees, fraction of grasses, etc.), using the same sources. The data is provided here as one single .xlsx file containing 9 data sheets, but also as 9 individual .csv files, to be accessed using the file format of preference. Additionally, 5 supplementary figures that accompany the publication Gaviria-Lugo et al. (submitted) are provided in one single .pdf file. The samples taken for this study were assigned International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSNs), which are included in the provided tables S4, S5 and S6.
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: The Dec 22nd 2018 flank collapse and tsunami at Anak Krakatau in Indonesia is a key event in geosciences as little is known about the lead-up processes and deformation changes prior to flank failure. We processed Sentinel-1 satellite radar data in both ascending (orbit 171) and descending (orbit 47) acquisition using multi-temporal InSAR with the Small BAseline (SB) method during the 4 years prior to the collapse. The data shows that the flank was already moving for years prior to collapse, demonstrating that developing instability in volcano can be monitored long before a collapse. The southwest flank movement rates averaged approx. 27 cm/yr, but underwent intermittent accelerations coinciding with distinct intrusion events in Jan/Feb 2017 and in Jun 2018. The data archived here supplements the material detailed in Zorn et al. (202X, https://doi.org/XXXXX).
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2024-01-15
    Description: Porphyry copper deposits provide most of the world’s, half its molybdenum reserves and are resources for Zn, Pb, Au, and Ag. The porphyry mineralization is inferred to form on time scales between 50 and 100kyrs whereby the mineralization forming magma chamber is generally built up by multiple intrusive events. The overall source magmatic system can be active for several millions of years. We used the Complex System Modeling Platform (CSMP++) to simultaneously model sill injection, heat transfer, the release of metal-bearing magmatic fluids, the multi-phase flow of saline hydrothermal fluids, and dynamic permeability variations with a continuum porous medium approach. Our modeling studies the volumetric injection rate and its impact on the growth of the magma chamber and the Cu-ore shell but also investigates the influence of hydrothermal convection and fluid release. The setup of each modeling run is changed slightly, either by changing the influx rate, changing the geometry of the magma chamber, or changing the location of fluid release. CSMP was modified to produce vtk and vtu files every 100 years which were read into the Paraview 4.3.1 software to perform the post-processing (including the calculation of the copper enrichment factor and the pore fluid factor). Paraview was then used to produce the displayed videos.
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: We provide present-day glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) gravity changes simulated with the numerical model VILMA. The effects of Earth and ocean pole tide due to rotational deformation (considered in VILMA) were removed. The dataset contains the solutions for 56 GIA model ensemble members including 54 3D models and 2 1D models. The results are provided as Stokes coefficients with a resolution of degree/order 170.
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2024-01-24
    Description: This data publication contains the datasets generated in a study aiming at reconstructing paleoclimatic conditions during the late Holocene in northern Philippines. The data come from samples taken from sediment lakes retrieved from Bulusan Lake on the Luzon Island, Philippines. On these samples we measured the stable-hydrogen-isotopic composition of terrestrial-lipid biomarkers to reconstruct ENSO dynamics and past hydrological conditions, pollen data to reconstruct past vegetation, and magnetic susceptibility measurements of the sediment cores to reconstruct past erosion rates. This is complemented with isoGSM2 data to constrain modern hydrological conditions. The data was generated between 2013-04 and 2020-9. The data files are provided in Excel and tab-delimited text versions.
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: This is an Arctic-delta reduced-complexity model that can reproduce the 2-m ramp feature observed in most Arctic deltas. The model is built by first reconstructing from published descriptions of the DeltaRCM-Arctic model (Lauzon et al., GRL, 2019), which is, in turn, based on DeltaRCM by Liang et al. (Esurf, 2015). All the modifications and refinements leading to this model (ArcDelRCM.jl) are detailed in a manuscript submitted to Earth Surface Dynamics journal for publication (Chan et al., 2022: esurf-2022-25). Options are retained to run this model with the "DeltaRCM-Arctic" (reconstruction) setting. The code is written purely in Julia language.
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment-Follow-On (GRACE-FO) satellite mission, consisting of two satellites, each carry a magnetometer as part of its attitude orbit control system (AOCS). After careful calibration, the data acquired through them can be used for scientific purposes by removing artificial disturbances from other satellite payload systems. This dataset is based on the dataset provided by Michaelis et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.3.2021.002) and uses a similar format. The platform magnetometer data has been calibrated against CHAOS-7 magnetic field model predictions for core, crustal and large-scale magnetospheric field (Finlay et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-020-01252-9) and is provided in the ‘chaos’ folder. The calibration results using a Machine Learning approach are provided in the ‘calcorr’ folder. Michaelis’ dataset can be used as an extension to this dataset for additional information, as they are connected using the same timestamps to match and relate the same data points. The exact approach based on Machine Learning is described in the referenced publication. Additionally, in the folder ‚fac’, field-aligned current derived from the magnetic field data are provided. There exists a similar dataset with calibrated magnetic data from the GOCE satellite mission under https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.3.2022.002 (Styp-Rekowski et al., 2022).
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: The current global dataset of drainage system shapes has a relatively low spatial resolution. We obtained a new dataset (Basin90m) by calculating the drainage basins larger than 50 km2 globally using a 90-meter resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The total number of drainage basins is 667629. For each drainage basin, we extracted the spatial distribution of the longest river channel and the sinuosity of the river. We computed fundamental geometric parameters for the drainage basins, such as area, length, width, aspect ratio, slope, and elevation. Basin90m consists of vector files (ESRI Shapefile format) containing global drainage basins and river channels. The file sizes for the basin and river data are 7.8 and 2.5 GB, respectively. All calculations were automated using a MATLAB script. For a more detailed description of Basin90m, please refer to our submitted data description article titled "A global dataset of the shape of drainage systems". The Basin90m dataset includes data in four sections. The first section comprises drainage basins globally with an area larger than 50 km². The data format is ESRI Shapefile. Eight morphometric indi-ces of the drainage system are stored in the attribute table of the basin shapefile. The "Basins" folder contains six subfolders, each representing a continent. Each continent's subfolder contains all the basins in that continent, categorized by different stream orders. For instance, the "South America" subfolder contains nine shapefile files corresponding to stream orders 1-9. The names of the shapefile files include their continent and stream order information. For example, "South_America_Basin_8.shp" represents all basins in South America with a stream order of 8. The second part of the Basin90m data consists of global main river channels. The longest river channel of each basin is stored in a folder named "Rivers". The internal structure of this folder is the same as the "Basins" folder. For instance, "South_America_River_8.shp" represents the main river channels in South America with a stream order of 8. The third part of Basin90m data is an Excel file named "Basin90m". This file contains eight morphometric parameters for all the basins. It includes both a globally merged sheet and sheets distinguishing different stream orders. The fourth part of Ba-sin90m data is a folder named "Matlab_code", which contains Matlab code for the automated ex-traction of drainage systems and their morphometric parameters.
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: This data set provides a series of experiments from ring-shear tests (RST) on various materials that are used at several laboratories worldwide. The data contains the results of slide-hold-slide tests and the processed outputs of standardized ring shear tester data from related publications. Additionally, microscopy images of the materials under plain and polarized light are provided. The time dependent restrengthening of the materials is quantified using slide-hold-slide tests. This restrengthening has implications on the reactivation potential of granular shear zones in analogue models. With the provided software we first analyze the experimental data and then compare the angles and stresses needed to reactivate normal faults in the materials. We find that while healing rates are low, the majority of samples can not reactivate normal faults that are generated through extension of an analogue model.
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, topography data and Digital Image Correlation [DIC] analysis) of 11 analogue models, divided in three model series (A, B and C), simulating rifting and subsequent inversion tectonics. In these models we test how orthogonal or oblique extension, followed by either orthogonal or oblique compression, as well as syn-rift sedimentation, influenced the reactivation of rift structures and the development of new inversion structures. We compare these models with an intracontinental inverted basin in NE Brazil (Araripe Basin). All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). We used an experimental set-up involving two long mobile sidewalls, two rubber sidewalls (fixed between the mobile walls, closing the short model ends), and a mobile and a fixed base plate. We positioned a 5 cm high block consisting of an intercalation of foam (1 cm thick) and Plexiglas (0.5 cm thick) bars on the top of the base plates. Then we added layers of viscous and brittle analogue materials representing the ductile and brittle lower and upper crust in our experiments, which were 3 cm and 6 cm thick, respectively. A seed made of the same viscous material was positioned at the base of the brittle layer, in order to localize the formation of an initial graben in our models. The standard model deformation rate was 20 mm/h, over a duration of 2 hours for a total of 40 mm of divergence, followed by 2 hours of convergence at the same rate (except for Models B3 and C3, since the oblique rifting did not create space for 40 mm of orthogonal inversion). For syn-rift sedimentation, we applied an intercalation of feldspar and quartz sand in the graben. Model parameters and detailed description of model set-up are summarized in Table 1, and results and their interpretation can be found in Richetti et al. (2023).
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  • 66
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    GFZ Data Services
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: In order to test the feasibility of density and viscosity models suitable to explain geoid and dynamic topography in West Antarctica, we perform computations of a thermal plume that enters at the base of a cartesian box corresponding to a region in the upper mantle, as well as some whole-mantle thermal plume models, as well as some instantaneous disk models, with ASPECT. The plume models have typically a narrow conduit and the plume tends to only become wider as it spreads beneath the lithosphere, typically shallower than ~300 km. These results are most consistent with a shallow disk model with reduced uppermost mantle viscosity, hence providing further support for such low viscosities beneath West Antarctica. The data are a supplement to the following article: Steinberger, B., Grasnick, M.-L. & Ludwig, R., Exploring the Origin of Geoid Low and Topography High in West Antarctica: Insights from Density Anomalies and Mantle Convection Models, Tektonika, https://doi.org/10.55575/tektonika2023.1.2.35
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: The dataset contains a spaceborne hyperspectral image acquired by EnMAP over Berlin, Germany, and surrounding areas on July 24th, 2022. The data was preprocessed to Level 1B format (systematically and radiometrically corrected) and is provided in separate BSQ files for the VNIR and SWIR sensor of the instrument, respectively. The Level 1B product is accompanied by a history file (xml), a metadata file (xml), six quality masks (cirrus, classes, cloud, cloud shadow, haze and snow) as well as quality test flags and pixel masks for the VNIR and SWIR files separately (all TIF format). In addition, this dataset comes with a digital elevation model, COP-DEM-GLO-30-R (ESA, Copernicus) and a Sentinel-2 scene (ESA, Copernicus) as references for geometric and atmospheric correction with the EnMAP processing tool (EnPT). Please note that the two datasets described above are NOT part of the same license as the EnMAP data. The dataset is made publicly available as part of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) "Beyond the Visible - EnMAP data access and image preprocessing techniques", available from July 2023. Guidance on preprocessing hyperspectral imagery in general, access to EnMAP data and a hands-on tutorial on preprocessing of EnMAP data with EnPT in the EnMAP-Box (QGIS plugin) are provided as videos at the HYPERedu YouTube channel, the MOOC course page and the EnPT documentation. More information about the EnMAP mission can be found on the mission website and in Guanter et al. (2016) and Storch et al. (2023).
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: The Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole was drilled in the framework of a research project called GeoFern, funded by the German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action under the grant number 03EE4007. The overall objective of this research project was to support the development of the geothermal heat utilization for urban areas. Therefore, the integration of reservoir utilization concepts into heat supply systems need to be studied. The GeoFern project aimed to contribute to the knowledge on geological structure and the lithological composition of the subsurface to minimize the explorational risks for future site developments in SE Berlin, Germany. It focused on the exploration of possible Mesozoic aquifers, suitable for aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) in depths of up to 500 m. As stopping criteria for drilling, the presence of terrestrial (arid) clayey Keuper sediments of the Exter Formation (Upper German Triassic) were defined. In this data publication we provide the results of the investigations and measurements conducted on site in the field laboratory as well as the open-hole geophysical well-logging data of the Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole acquired by a commercial contractor. In addition, a temperature log of the borehole, measured by the GFZ about two months after the end of drilling activities, is part of this data publication. The drilling of the Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole started at the 15th of November 2021 with the setting of the conductor pipe and reached its final depth of 456 m in Triassic sediments on the 19th of December 2021. The drilling was conducted in two main sections using two different technologies. For the upper section, covering Cenozoic sediments and reaching a depth of 211 m, reverse drilling technology was used. This section comprises the Quaternary to Tertiary groundwater system and the Tertiary “Rupelton” (Oligocene, Rupelian). The latter represents an about 100 m thick clayey succession that do act as a regional aquitard, separating the deeper saline groundwater systems from the upper utilized (freshwater) groundwater levels. After setting and cementing of the casing, the borehole was further deepened by using conventional Rotary drilling technology. Due to the lack of knowledge on the geological situation of the pre-Cenozoic strata before the drilling, this section represents the most relevant part for answering the research goals of the project. In order to allow the most accurate description and characterization of the drilled strata, this section was completely cored using wireline coring equipment with 3-m core barrels. In total, 90 core runs were conducted and 197.4 m of cores retrieved, showing a core recovery factor of 81%. The core show a mean core diameter of about 100 mm. The drilling was stopped after encountering the multicolored terrestrial playa sediments of the Upper Triassic in the last core run. While the token cutting samples were not assigned with International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSN), the borehole (Norden, 2022) and all taken cores were registered with IGSNs.
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: This data set is a description of a novel analogue modelling method used to run lithospheric-scale tectonic models, and to uniquely monitor these models through X-Ray CT-scanning techniques at the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Bern (Switzerland). It includes information on the model set-up and model materials, and includes a step-by-step description of the general modelling procedure. A first application of this novel procedure, for the simulation of lithospheric scale rifting processes can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023a) in Tectonics, with supplementary data publicly available via GFZ Data Services (Zwaan & Schreurs 2023b). The results of this work prove the feasibility of the method, and opens the door to a broad variety of new tectonic modelling studies
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from drained ring-shear tests on a wet (water saturated) silica powder-glass beads-PVC powder mixture (40:40:20 wt.%) “CM2”, used in analogue modelling of tectonic and erosion processes as a rock analogue for the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Conrad et al., 2023, Reitano et al., 2020, 2022. 2023). According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of CM2 are µP = 0.66, µD = 0.58, and µR = 0.61, respectively. Cohesion of the material ranges between 60-230 Pa. The tested bulk material CM2 consists of a mixture of 40 wt. % silica powder, 40 wt.% glass beads and 20 wt.% PVC powder which has been saturated with water (Table 1). Specification of silica powder is “Ventilated Quartz VR16” (https://www.valligranulati.it/products-granules-quartz-marble-sands-premixed/sheet-m/ventilated-quartz) by the company Valli Granulati S.r.l. (Italy). Ventilated quartz is obtained by micronisation of quartz sands with a high content of SiO2 (around 96%), and used e.g. in paints and abrasives. It should be handled with care to omit generation of dust and a half mask (filter class FFA1P2 RD) should be worn because it can harm the human respiratory tract with the potential of causing silicosis. Glass beads used here have a size (diameter) of 700-110 µm and their individual properties are described in detail Pohlenz et al. (2020). The commercial name for the PVC powder is “PVC K.57 Inovyn 257RF” by the company TPV Compound (Italy). PVC powder is mainly used for cleaning industrial structures (as abrasives) or for the production of PVC tubing, plastic sheets etc. The composition of this PVC powder is the same of the common Polyvinyl chloride. According to the regulation CE n.1272/2008 (CLP), this type of PVC powder is classified as not dangerous for the supply, also thanks to its low value of density and round shape.
    Language: English
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: The data publication contains the compilation of global heat-flow data by the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC; www.ihfc-iugg.org) of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI). The presented data update 2023 contains data generated between 1939 and 2022 and constitutes the first intermediate update benefiting from the global collaborative assessment and quality control of the Global Heat Flow Database running since May 2021 (http://assessment.ihfc-iugg.org).
    Language: English
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: The crystalline aquifer in Ghana’s Pra Basin provides water for over 4 million people as many rivers are polluted by artisanal mining. The aim of the data collection was to understand the origin, quality and chemical evolution of surface water and ground water in order to improve the sustainable management of the resource. Here, we present data on major ions, trace metals, stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios of surface water and ground water and mineralogical composition of rock outcrops from the Pra Basin in Ghana. The field campaign took place in March 2020 (water sampling) and August 2021 (outcrop sampling). A total of 34 surface water and 56 ground water samples were collected from rivers, public boreholes (depth 〉30 m) and hand-dug wells (depth 〈 10 m), respectively. The water samples were analysed for cations and trace metals using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The anions were analysed using the Ion Chromatography (IC). For the stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios, a Picarro L-2140i Ringdown Spectrometer was used. The bulk elemental composition of the rock samples was analysed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The mineralogic composition was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) while the Zeiss Axiophot petrographic microscope was used for the petrographic thin section analysis. The data generated from all measurements are provided in a .zip folder consisting of four subfolders. Each folder contains Excel files discussed in the file inventory section.
    Language: English
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  • 73
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    GFZ Data Services
    Publication Date: 2024-02-13
    Description: Within the Inter-Wind project we study wind turbine (WT) emissions with ground motion and acoustic measurements which are accompanied by the acquisition of meteorological parameters as well as psychological surveys of residents living in the vicinity of the wind farms. Measurements are conducted on the Swabian Alb in Southern Germany at wind farms Tegelberg and Lauterstein in multiple interdisciplinary campaigns. Here we focus on measurements with line and ring layouts which are directed at improving the prediction of ground-motion emissions of WTs. This dataset contains recorder log files. Seismic data is stored at GEOFON, network 4C (2020 - 2024, Ritter and Gaßner 2022).
    Language: English
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: The software is provided as an executable python module. The software automatically analyzes the files present in the data publication. The results are saved in the form of the images presented in the main publication. Each figure is implemented as a dedicated function that first loads the necessary data, then does some processing steps, such as curve fitting, and then plots the outputs in the desired layout. A 'main' function calls all figure functions sequentially. However, the packages is modular so that each individual plot has a standalone function which could be used with other, similarly structured data. Several submodules provide additional data for plotting, e.g. the 'groups' submodule that contains naming schemes and the densities for all samples.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: For the integration of this dataset, several research articles were collected from the catalog of The Global Heat Flow Data Assessment Project. Specifically, those that reported heat flow values within Mexican territory and in the country's surrounding seas. The updated database now comprises 1230 heat-flow determinations compiled from 25 different publications. Within this dataset, 49% of the entries represent continental heat-flow data (onshore), while the remaining 51% correspond to marine data (offshore). This data set covers a period from 1970 to 2022. Notably, 92% of the reported heat flow values were obtained via direct temperature measurements (47% through borehole drilling and 45% through probe sensing), while the remaining data (8%) were estimated from indirect methods, such as geothermometer and Curie depth temperature calculations. The data are presented according to the standards defined by the World Heat Flow Database Project and the International Heat Flow Commission (Fuchs et al., 2023).
    Language: English
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Language: English
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: The META-WT project was designed to perform a 4-weeks seismic experiment in Germany with a dense seismic array of ~400 three-component geophones that covered (1) a 2.5km x 2.5km wind farm area in Brandenburg, Germany, with almost 200 wind turbines (WTs) and a well-studied subsurface structure and (2) a 20-km long radial line from the center of the wind farm with one geophone every half-kilometer. The objective was to capture the spatio-temporal seismic wave-field signature of the wind farm from continuous recordings of ambient noise. Due to the dense interstation distance and proposed geometry the experiment allowed for analyzing both small-scale wave field characteristics at an unprecedented spatial resolution and the longer distance radiation pattern of the wind farm. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code XF, and is embargoed until Jan 2025.
    Language: English
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2023-05-04
    Description: The atmospheric concentration of CO2 at which global glaciation (snowball) bifurcation occurs, changes throughout Earth's history, most notably because of the slowly increasing solar luminosity. Quantifying this critical CO2 concentration is not only interesting from a climate dynamics perspective, but also an important prerequisite for understanding past Snowball Earth episodes as well as the conditions for habitability on Earth and other planets. Here we use the coupled climate model CLIMBER-3α in an Aquaplanet configuration to scan for the Snowball bifurcation point for time slices spanning the last 4 billion years, thus quantifying the time evolution of the bifurcation and identifying a qualitative shift in critical state dynamics.
    Language: English
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2024-01-24
    Description: The new climate dataset, BASD-CMIP6-PE, for Peru and Ecuador is based on bias-adjusted and statistically downscaled CMIP6 climate projections from 10 GCMs. It addresses the need for reliable high-resolution (1d, 10km) climate data covering Peru and Ecuador. This dataset includes historical simulations (1850-2014) and future projections (2015-2100) for precipitation and minimum, mean, and maximum temperature under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs:SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). The BASD-CMIP6-PE climate data were generated using the trend-preserving Bias Adjustment and Statistical Downscaling (BASD) method (Lange, 2019, 2021) and data from regional observational datasets such as RAIN4PE (Fernandez-Palomino et al., 2021a,b) for precipitation and PISCO-temperature (Huerta et al., 2018) for temperatures as reference data. The reliability of the BASD-CMIP6-PE was evaluated using observational data and through hydrological modeling across Peruvian and Ecuadorian river basins in the historical period. The evaluation demonstrated the dataset’s reliability in describing spatial patterns of atmospheric variables and streamflow simulation, including mean, low, and high flows. This suggests the usefulness of the new dataset for assessing regional climate change impacts on agriculture, water resources, and hydrological extremes. The BASD-CMIP6-PE data are available for the domain covering Peru and Ecuador, located between 19°S and 2°N and 82°W to 67°W, with a spatial resolution of 0.1° and a daily temporal resolution. The unit for precipitation is millimeters (mm), and for temperature, it is degrees Celsius (°C). The BASD-CMIP6-PE dataset is organized within a "daily" folder, denoting its availability at a 1 daily temporal resolution. Within this directory, four subfolders are present: "historical" containing historical data, "ssp126" for SSP1-2.6, "ssp370" for SSP3-7.0, and "ssp585" for SSP5-8.5. Each of these subfolders further includes ten distinct folders, corresponding to different GCMs: CanESM5, IPSL–CM6A–LR, UKESM1–0–LL, CNRM–CM6–1, CNRM–ESM2–1, MIROC6, GFDL–ESM4, MRI–ESM2–0, MPI–ESM1–2–HR, and EC–Earth3. These folders store the data in the NetCDF format arranged by model, model member, experiment, variable, temporal resolution, and subset period, resulting in file names like "canesm5_r1i1p1f1_ssp126_pr_daily_2015_2020.nc". For a detailed description of the BASD-CMIP6-PE development and evaluation, readers are advised to read Fernandez-Palomino et al. (2023), for which this dataset is supplementary material.
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: The atmosphere model of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL-AM2) is coupled to a slab ocean in order to analyse the monsoon's sensitivity to changes in various forcing parameters on a planet with idealized topography. This monsoon planet design of a water planet with a zonal circumglobal land stripe allows to extract the relevant monsoon behaviour and reduces the influence of topography. Besides the width and location of the land stripe, the atmospheric CO2 concentration, incoming solar radiation, sulfate aerosol concentration and surface albedo are variied. Horizontal grid resolution is 2° latitude x 2.5° longitude. For the vertical grid, a hybrid coordinate grid with 24 vertical levels is implemented. The lowest model level starts about 30 m above the surface and the top level is at about 3 hPa. The vertical resolution is decreasing towards higher altitudes. Advective and physics time steps are 10 minutes and 0.5 hours, for atmopsheric radiation 3 hours time steps are used. Instead of an ocean general circulation model, a mixed-layer slab ocean is used.
    Language: English
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  • 81
    Keywords: Regenerative medicine. ; Stem cells. ; Nervous system Regeneration. ; Biomaterials. ; Cells. ; Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. ; Stem Cell Biology. ; Regeneration and Repair in the Nervous System. ; Biomaterials-Cells.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Regeneration and tissue microenvironment -- Chapter 2. Non stem cell mediated tissue regeneration and repair -- Chapter 3. Immunological Perspectives Involved in Tissue Engineering -- Chapter 4. Advances in Medical Imaging for Wound Repair and Regenerative Medicine -- Chapter 5. Role of Biosensors in Regenerative Therapeutics: Past, Present & Future Prospects -- Chapter 6. Acute and Chronic Wound Management: Assessment, Therapy and Monitoring Strategies -- Chapter 7. Stem cells and therapies in cardiac regeneration -- Chapter 8. Hydrogel-based Tissue-mimics for Vascular Regeneration and Tumor Angiogenesis -- Chapter 9. Advances in 3D Printing Technology for Tissue Engineering -- Chapter 10. Adult Neurogenesis: A Potential Target for Regenerative Medicine -- Chapter 11. Regenerative approaches in the nervous system -- Chapter 12. Prenatal interventions for the treatment of congenital disorders -- Chapter 13. Understanding LncRNAs in biomaterials development for osteointegration -- Chapter 14. Current approaches in vertical bone augmentation and large bone deficiencies in the oro-facial region -- Chapter 15. In-vitro and in-vivo tracking of cell-biomaterial interaction to monitor the process of bone regeneration -- Chapter 16. The Prospects of RNAs and Common Significant Pathways in Cancer Therapy and Regenerative Medicine.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the recent innovations and therapeutic potentials of regenerative medicine and discusses the applications of stem cells, biomaterials, and tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. The book covers essential aspects of regenerative medicine, including tissue microenvironment, immunological perspectives, stem, and non-stem cell-mediated approaches, imaging techniques, biomarkers, and 3D printing technology. It also reviews the applications of biosensing technologies in regenerative medicine, including biomanufacturing, organ-on-a-chip technologies, and as indicators of therapeutic efficacy. Further, it focuses on the regenerative medicine approaches for diseases of the central nervous system. It also provides the therapeutic potential of regenerative medicine to improve soft tissue and wound healing, cardiovascular, neural, bone, and orofacial regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 390 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811960086
    DDC: 612.028
    Language: English
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Biology Technique. ; Food Microbiology. ; Food science. ; Biological Techniques. ; Food Microbiology. ; Food Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. History and Technology of Chinese Liquor -- Chapter 2. Classification of Chinese Baijiu -- Chapter 3.Baijiu-Making Equipments -- Chapter 4. Process Principles and Engineering of Solid-State Fermentation of Chinese Liquor -- Chapter 5. Solid-state Distillation of Chinese Liquor (Baijiu) -- Chapter 6. History and advance of flavour research of Baijiu -- Chapter 7. Sensory Properties of Baijiu -- Chapter 8. Chemical Components of Chinese Baijiu -- Chapter 9. Microbial Diversities During Chinese Liquor Fermentations -- Chapter 10. Composition and Succession of the Microbiota in Light-Aroma Baijiu Production -- Chapter 11. Diversity and Succession of the Microbiota in Sauce-Aroma Baijiu -- Chapter 12. Composition, Succession and Key Species of Microbiota in Strong-Aroma Baijiu Production -- Chapter 13. Functional Microorganisms Associated with Baijiu Fermentation -- Chapter 14. Microbial interaction in Chinese liquor fermentation -- Chapter 15. Regulation of the microbiota in Chinese liquor fermentation process -- Chapter 16. Challenges and Perspectives (Strategies).
    Abstract: This book provides a cutting-edge scientific overview of Chinese liquor, also known as Baijiu. Chinese liquor is one of the world’s most ancient fermented alcoholic beverages. Fermented foods and beverages are consumed worldwide as an indispensable constituent in our daily life. However, most fermented foods rely on traditional techniques with limited known scientific knowledge. These indigenous processes are typically empirical without scientifically-based control and technological insights. The book analyses Chinese liquor processing on the three most important disciplines of fermented foods: process technology/engineering, flavor chemistry, and microbiology. It also addresses the perspectives and future research needs associated with spontaneous fermented foods. This book offers a deep understanding of the science of Chinese liquor production to students, researchers, and related practitioners both in the academic and the industry. It would also benefit many other fields of fermented foods for their optimization, standardization, and modernization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 608 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811921957
    DDC: 570.28
    Language: English
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  • 83
    Keywords: Zoology. ; Animal culture. ; Invertebrates. ; Zoology. ; Animal Science. ; Invertebrate Zoology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Nature And Sources of Data For Inland Fisheries Management -- Chapter 2. Concept of Sampling Methodologies and Their Applications -- Chapter 3. Descriptive Statistics for Inland Fisheries Data -- Chapter 4. Basic Concept of Hypothesis Testing and Parametric Test -- Chapter 5. Chi–Square Test of Significance -- Chapter 6. Use of Non–Parametric Test in Fisheries Data -- Chapter 7. Analysis of Variance (Anova) and Design of Experiments -- Chapter 8. Concept of Simple Correlation and Regression -- Chapter 9. Analysis and Interpretation of Weight–Length Data of Fish -- Chapter 10. Some Multivariate Analysis Techniques for Fisheries Data -- Chapter 11. Introduction to Electronic Spreadsheet and Microsoft Excel -- Chapter 12. Introduction to R Software -- Chapter 13. Introduction To Graphics in R.
    Abstract: This authored book is primarily for the readers who are in search of how to use basic concepts of statistics in the field of fishery science. It has been written for the new comers coming in the fishery sector including university students, teachers and research scholars. It enriches the reader’s knowledge of data analysis step by step starting from data collection to its analysis and interpretation along with practical application with real example. It supports readers for enhancing theoretical and practical concept of application of fundamental statistics in fishery domain. Reader may also learn how to analyses data using different statistical software. Each chapter starts with an introduction of the topic followed by statistical concept with example and ends with chapter based question for comprehension purpose. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders in fishery sciences. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of fisheries and aquatic sciences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 257 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811944116
    DDC: 590
    Language: English
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Plant diseases. ; Molecular biology. ; Genetics. ; Plant Pathology. ; Molecular Biology. ; Genetics and Genomics.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Genomics of crucifers’ host-pathosystem - Prologue -- 2. Crucifers’ pathogens genome -- 3. Genomics of host- pathogen interaction -- 4. Molecular detection and Identification of pathogens, pathotypes and genes -- 5. Pathogenomics of pathogenic variability -- 6. Bio-metabolomics of crucifer’s host-pathosystem -- 7. Genomics of crucifer’s host-pathosystem at a glance -- 8. Protocols to study host-pathosystem -- 9. Future research priorities of crucifers’ host pathosystem -- 10. Subject index.
    Abstract: The book deals with latest research achievements of Brassica scientists using omics approaches in understanding host-pathogen interaction, molecular detection, identification, and functional characterization of effectors/genes including pathogenomics and biometabolomics. Genomics of host-pathogen interaction is a source of information for the teachers, students, researchers, and policy makers to foster success in enhancing the Brassica production and productivity through the development of improved disease-resistant varieties with the use of omics technologies. It is a base and sound plate form for managing biological stresses of Brassica at global level. The book covers up-to-date information on genomics of host-pathogen interaction, pathogenomics of crucifers’ pathogen, and biometabolomics of host pathosystem supplemented with ample photographs, illustrations, and figures which make it stimulating, effective, and easy to comprehend for readers, researchers, biology students, teachers, and policy makers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 930 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811938122
    DDC: 571.92
    Language: English
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  • 85
    Keywords: Ecology Methodology. ; Biotic communities. ; Plant ecology. ; Ecological Modelling. ; Ecosystems. ; Plant Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Modelling tools and plausible scenarios in science-policy to improve evidence based decision making for human-well-being -- 2. Basic Introduction to Species Distribution Modelling -- 3. Machine Learning based predictive modelling approaches for better understanding evolutionary history, distribution and niche occupancy: Experience from Western Ghats -- 4. Mapping the impact of climate change on eco-sensitive hotspots using species distribution modelling (SDMs) – Gaps, Challenges and Future Perspectives -- 5. Approaches for modelling the climate change impacts on ecosystems -- 6. Developing a Bayesian Model of Climate-Induced Lake Overturn in Talisay, Taal Lake -- 7. Global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of MaxEnt model: Implications in species habitat projections -- 8. Tree species diversity and richness patterns reveal high priority areas for conservation in Eswatini -- 9. Improving the conservation status of a threatened tree (Acer sikkimensis Miq. syn. Acer hookeri Miq.) through standardization of seed germination protocol and using ecological niche modeling -- 10. Ecological Niche Modeling of the endemic Himalayan near-threatened treeline conifer Abies spectabilis (D.Don) Mirb. in the Indian Central Himalaya -- 11. Modeling the distribution of a medicinal plant Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz for its conservation in Arunachal Pradesh -- 12. Habitat Suitability and Niche Modeling for Conservation and Restoration of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. in Temperate Himalayan Forest Ecosystem -- 13. Application of species distribution modeling for conservation and restoration of forest ecosystems -- 14. Habitat suitability analysis of Asiatic Elephants (Elephas maximus) in the Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest of Assam using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) -- 15. Factors Affecting the Habitat Suitability of Eastern Swamp Deer (Rucervus duvaucelii ranjitsinhi Groves, 1982) in Manas National Park and Implication for Terai Grassland Restoration -- 16. Evaluating Potential Habitats of Chital, Sloth Bear and Jungle Cat in Selected Areas of Central Indian Landscape -- 17. Habitat suitability modeling of Tor tor (Hamilton, 1822) in the Indian drainage systems using MaxEnt -- 18. Modelling the influence of Marine Fishery Advisories on the reduction of Carbon Dioxide emissions for Odisha under varying Climate Change Scenarios using CMIP models – an evidence-based approach for policymaking -- 19. Impacts of pollution on tropical montane and temperate forests of South Asia: Preliminary studies by post graduate students in India and Sri Lanka -- 20. Selection of strategic sampling sites for river quality assessments near mined areas as a policy handle for low-impact development and biodiversity conservation – a case study of River Godavari -- 21. Ecological niche modeling predicts the potential area for cultivation of Melia dubia Cav. (Meliaceae): a promising tree species for agroforestry in India -- 22. Proportions of change in the airborne particulate matter (PM10) concentrations across selected states in Peninsular India - a study of decadal, pre-pandemic trends for planning restoration -- 23. Decomposition of Sunflower Cuttings and its Impact on Soil Fertility of Rice Terraces (Payoh) in Banaue, Ifugao, Philippines -- 24. Forest ecosystem modeling for policy planning: A review -- 25. Ecological Carrying Capacity Modelling and Sustainability Assessment of the Seven Lakes of San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines -- 26. Assessment of the contribution of Fresh Water Ecosystem Services to the Hydropower Sector in the Kura-Araz basin -- 27. Eutrophication modelling of Chilika Lagoon using an artificial neural network approach.
    Abstract: This edited book is focused on SDG 15. This volume covers aspects of species and ecosystem modeling in understanding the complexity of ecological systems, restoration, protected area management, and species conservation. The book follows a systematic and situation-sensitive approach to discuss ecosystem and species modeling tools, approaches, science, case studies, opportunities, and gaps for enhancing conservation efforts, ensuring ecosystem resilience, and addressing sustainability issues. The book emphasizes on science, innovations, case studies, and strategic relevance as main pillars of using ecosystem and species modeling tools and implementing the outcomes and results. In addition, clear conceptual frameworks, elaborated methodologies, and their applications are included to support policy planning and interventions to reduce and reverse human encroachment in human-dominated natural ecosystems, their degradation, and loss of important species and ecosystem services. Essential information with a special focus on advances and opportunities in advancing the implementation of results and outputs of the modeling tools, challenges and constraints for addressing loss of ecosystem services, designing and implementing sustainable landscape restoration, environmental risk assessment, and finally understanding policy implications and concerns for mainstreaming modeling results in conservation planning and decision-making is included in the book. Further topics include ultimate translational value of modeling tools and efforts across transitional ecosystems and species habitat to provide better evidence to influence the nature-based solutions (NbS) and ecosystem health assessment using Red List of Ecosystems (RLE). The emerging roles of integrative socio-ecological as well as techno-cultural factors in promoting the relevance of ecosystem and species modeling is one of the key features of this book. This edited volume is of interest and useful to researchers, students, scholars, policy makers, forest managers, consultants, and policy makers in the fields of protected area management, forest department, conservation, modeling, climate change, and sustainability science, and also authors engaged in IPBES, IPCC, and several other assessments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXV, 570 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819901319
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 86
    Keywords: Biology. ; Biotechnology. ; Biophysics. ; Renewable energy sources. ; Biological Sciences. ; Biotechnology. ; Biophysics. ; Renewable Energy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Biotechnology and Its Connection to Renewable Energies: Biofuels Production -- Chapter 3. Biotechnological Formation of Biogas -- Chapter 4. Biotechnology in Bioethanol Generation -- Chapter 5. Biological Methods for Diesel Formation -- Chapter 6. Biotechnological-based Production of Bio-Oil and Vegetable Oil -- Chapter 7. Biotechnology in Hydrogen Generation -- Chapter 8. Global Conclusions and Future Perspectives.
    Abstract: This book approaches biofuels from a new biotechnological perspective with the aim of equipping researchers with a thorough, up-to-date understanding of biofuel research and related technologies. Topics include biomethane, bioethanol, biobutanol, biomass, hydrolysis, bio-oil, microbiology, and many more. Biofuel research has evolved mechanisms to advance their utilization and their application in our system. The chapters will provide concise and up-to-date information to aid our understanding of biotechnology-related implications of biofuels development and its advancements. Readers in the areas of bioengineering, sustainability, renewable energies and biotechnology will find this work useful to widen their knowledge and perspectives on biofuels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 147 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811991875
    Series Statement: Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances,
    DDC: 570
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Food science. ; Plant biotechnology. ; Agriculture. ; Food Science. ; Plant Biotechnology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Global scenario of temperate nuts -- Chapter 2. Nutritional composition of temperate nuts -- Chapter 3. Development and selection of rootstocks -- Chapter 4. Cultivars and genetic improvement -- Chapter 5. Improved propagation techniques in temperate nuts -- Chapter 6. Pollination management -- Chapter 7. Mineral nutrition -- Chapter 8. Plant water relations and Irrigation -- Chapter 9. Canopy architecture -- Chapter 10. Biotechnological interventions for improvement of temperate nuts -- Chapter 11. Organic approaches in temperate nuts -- Chapter 12. Shelf life enhancement -- Chapter 13. Package and storage of temperate nuts -- Chapter 14. Physiological disorders -- Chapter 15. Diseases of temperate nuts -- Chapter 16. Integrated pest management of temperate nuts.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the production technology of temperate nuts. It explores cultivar and plant improvement, development and selection of rootstocks, plant–water relations and irrigation, canopy architecture, and postharvest packaging of nut fruits. It also deals with organic approaches, biotechnological interventions, diseases, and pest management. Contributing authors address nut fruits such as walnut, pecan nut, chestnut, and hazel nut on different recent aspects. The development achieved in the fruit sector is indicative of the fact that there is growing demand of fruit produce. Temperate nuts with health benefits and market acceptability have best sources of fat, fiber, protein, and mineral. They provide dietary fiber, potassium, and a variety of health-protective bioactive compounds. Apart from the health benefits, production of temperate nuts improves the economy of the country as these are very good source of income and employment. In addition, there is wide diversification in the production pattern of nuts globally. Increased production technology such as hybrids, high-yielding selections/ varieties, improved propagation techniques, and increased use of fertilizers and manures have brought spectacular increase in the production of nut fruits. This book is of interest to teachers, scientists, researchers, and scholars. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students of agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture nurseries and orchard industries also find this to be a useful read.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 385 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811994975
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 88
    Keywords: Biodiversity. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Grassland ecology. ; Biodiversity. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Grassland Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Fish and fisheries of the temperate Himalayas: An overview and way-forward -- Chapter 2. Fishery resources and ichthyofaunal diversity in the temperate Himalayas -- Chapter 3. Mapping of the Himalayan surface waters using remote sensing and geographic information system tools: An overview of single band-based techniques -- Chapter 4. Fisheries development in open water resources of the temperate Himalaya -- Chapter 5. Diversity and threat to coldwater fishes of river Torsa at the Terai region of West Bengal, India -- Chapter 6. The endangered mighty mahseer (Tor putitora) in the Himalayan waters -- Chapter 7. Aquaculture practices in the temperate Himalayan region -- Chapter 8. Status and prospects of rainbow trout farming in Himalayan waters -- Chapter 9. Fisheries and aquaculture of snow trouts in the Trans-Himalayan region -- Chapter 10. Ornamental Fisheries in Hindu Kush Himalayan Region -- Chapter 11. Recirculating aquaculture system for intensive fish farming in Indian Himalayan region: An overview -- Chapter 12. Coldwater fish nutrition in the Indian Himalayas -- Chapter 13. Molecular characterization and population structure of the important Himalayan fish species -- Chapter 14. Prospects and challenges of molecular interventions for enhancing aquaculture production in the temperate Himalayas -- Chapter 15. An overview of coldwater fish diseases and their control measuresChapter 16. Oomycetes, fungal-like menace in coldwater aquaculture -- Chapter 17. Antimicrobial peptides: An alternative to antibiotics for environment-friendly hill aquaculture -- Chapter 18. Advances in detection techniques for fungus-like organisms of aquaculture importance -- Chapter 19. Nutritional quality and human health benefits of important coldwater fishes of the Indian Himalayas -- Chapter 20. En-route towards aquaponics in coldwater: Identifying the gaps in principles and system design -- Chapter 21. Impact of climate change in temperate fisheries of the Himalayas and possible adaptation approaches -- Chapter 22. Livelihood opportunities with recreational fisheries and ecotourism -- Chapter 23. Design and operational principle of re-circulatory aquaponic system in the Himalayas: Prospects and challenges -- Chapter 24. Farm design and layout for aquaculture operations in the temperate Himalayas -- Chapter 25. Hydroelectric projects: An inevitable challenge in fisheries of the temperate Himalaya.
    Abstract: This book covers all aspects of fisheries and aquaculture of the temperate Himalayas, including fisheries resources, fish biodiversity, aquaculture status, prospects, and potential. It also includes mapping of resources, health and disease management of cultured species, feed and nutritional aspects of the cultured fish species, ornamental fisheries aspects, etc. In addition, it elucidates the recent advances in biotechnological interventions for enhancing fisheries and aquaculture productivity in the region. Essential information on the application of Geo Information System (GIS) for resource mapping, the scope of adopting re-circulatory aquaculture system for productivity enhancement, and trout culture in the Himalayan waters are provided in the book. A detailed account of recreational fisheries and fish-based ecotourism in the temperate Himalayas for generating livelihood has been provided. The impact of climate change on the fisheries of the Himalayas has been dealt with separately. The book also covers the conservation and rehabilitation aspects of endangered species of the region. This book will become a ready reference for the scientists, teachers, researchers, students, policymakers, and other stakeholders for managing fishery resources in the temperate Himalayas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 488 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811983030
    DDC: 333.95
    Language: English
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  • 89
    Keywords: Agricultural biotechnology. ; Botany. ; Agriculture. ; Agricultural Biotechnology. ; Plant Science. ; Agriculture.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Global climate perturbations: sustainable microbial mitigation strategies -- Chapter 2: Soil microflora and their interaction with plants under changing climatic scenarios -- Chapter 3: Beneficial microbial consortia and their role in sustainable agriculture under climate change conditions -- Chapter 4: Unfolding the role of beneficial microbes and microbial techniques on improvement of sustainable agriculture under climatic challenges -- Chapter 5: Microbes and their role in alleviation of abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in crop plants -- Chapterb 6: Plant-microbe interaction and their role in mitigation of heat stress -- Chapter 7: Role of soil microbes against abiotic stresses induced oxidative stresses in plants -- Chapter 8: An overview of the multifaceted role of plant growth promoting microorganisms and endophytes in sustainable agriculture: Developments and prospects -- Chapter 9: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): an indispensable tool for climate resilient crop production -- Chapter 10: Plant endophyte interactions- a driving phenomenon for boosting plant health in the face of climate change -- Chapter 11: Deciphering the role of growth promoting bacterial endophytes in harmonizing plant health -- Chapter 12: Endophytic microbes and their role in plant health -- Chapter 13: Multitrophic Reciprocity of AMF with Plants and Other Soil Microbes in Relation to Biotic Stress -- Chapter 14: Effect of temperature and defence response on the severity of dry root rot disease in chickpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina -- Chapter 15: Emerging roles of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in salt stress alleviation: applications in sustainable agriculture -- Chapter 16: Studies on orchidoid mycorrhizae and mycobionts. associated with orchid plants as plant growth promoters and stimulator in seed germination -- Chapter 17: Current status of mycorrhizal biofertilizer in crop improvement and its future prospects -- Chapter 18: New developments in techniques like metagenomics. metaproteomics for isolation. identification. and characterization of microbes from varied environment -- Chapter 19: Mushroom metagenome: tool to unravel interaction network of plant. mycorrhiza and bacteria -- Chapter 20: Extremophile bacterial and archaebacterial population: metagenomics and novel enzyme reserve -- Chapter 21: Microbial nanotechnology: a biocompatible technology for sustainable and green agriculture practice -- Chapter 22: Bacteriophage Assisted Diagnostics and Management of Plant Diseases.
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between microbial symbionts and plants in the era of climate change. It focuses on the plant microbiome associated with different plant organs like roots, leaves, stems, fruit, and seeds, and showcases their significant role in the enhancement of crop yield and protection in a sustainable manner. Concomitantly, acumens to the most emerging trends in plant microbial research that includes rhizosphere engineering and metagenomics are also covered in this title. The association of microbial symbionts with the host offers a wide advantage in terms of acclimatization to varied environmental conditions. A large number of microbes such as cyanobacteria, PGPR, endophytes, and AMF have been shown to improve plant growth and production under the effect of various abiotic and biotic stresses. These microbial symbionts secrete several secondary metabolites, signaling molecules, and hydrolytic enzymes that play a multifarious role in improving plant growth and yield. Moreover, the symbionts have been known to regulate the host responses at the molecular level. Bioprospecting these microbial symbionts will provide an alternative to the chemical-based fertilizers and pave the path for the development of biofertilizers. The book is a suitable reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and scientists working in the field of agricultural biotechnology, microbiology, mycology and plant pathology, and allied fields of plant and microbial sciences. The book in this context attempts to provide an integrative and exhaustive study as well as research material that would help the scientific community in wide respect. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 582 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819900305
    Series Statement: Rhizosphere Biology,
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Environmental sciences Mathematics. ; Environment. ; Conservation biology. ; Statistics . ; Ecology. ; Mathematical Applications in Environmental Science. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Conservation Biology. ; Statistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: 0. Introduction - Ecologist in Wonderland -- Part 1. Linking Ecotoxicology and Ecology -- Chapter 1. Basic Concepts of Ecological Risk Assessment -- Chapter 2. Population-level assessment -- Chapter 3. Population models of extinction -- Chapter 4. Population level assessment using the canonical model -- Part 2. Models for ecotoxicology -- Chapter 5. Species Sensitivity Distribution in Ecological Risk Assessment -- Chapter 6. BLM: A model for predicting metal toxicities -- Chapter 7.Mathematical models for chemical mixtures -- Chapter 8.Statistics and related topics.
    Abstract: This book introduces various mathematical models used in ecological risk assessment, primarily discussing models used in hazard assessment. The book aims to link ecology and conservation biology with risk assessments, bringing together the knowledge of ecotoxicology and ecology for effective risk assessment. The first part describes population-level assessment in ecological risk assessment. The chapters cover current methodologies for ecological risk assessment, individual-level assessment, population dynamics models for population-level assessment, case studies, mathematical models for population extinctions, the derivation of mean time to extinction (MTE) and their case studies. The second part of the book discusses the mathematical models involved in hazard assessments. It introduces the method of risk assessment using species sensitivity distributions (SSDs), hazard assessment of metals, chemical mixtures using the Michaelis-Menten equation, basic elements of statistics and related topics. Expected readers are risk assessors in governments and public sectors, students and young researchers interested in environmental science. The book is made accessible and easy to follow by beginners in mathematical biology and theoretical ecology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 202 p. 90 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819903092
    Series Statement: Theoretical Biology,
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Biodiversity. ; Ecology . ; Forestry. ; Biodiversity. ; Ecology. ; Forestry.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Climbers - a general overview -- 2. Overview of the research on climbers from the past to the present: a global analysis -- 3. Ecology of Lianas: Diversity and distribution -- 4. Current status and future prospects -- 5. Taxonomic diversity of climbing flora in India – A compendium -- 6. Climber radiations in Angiosperms: How many families have climbers?
    Abstract: This book brings out the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on the taxonomy, biodiversity, and ecology of climbers in India. Climbing is one of the principal plant growth habits that have long attracted the interests of ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Climbing plants can add significantly to the species richness of many tropical forests ecosystems, yet they receive relatively lesser attention than trees in ecological studies. The difficulties in taxonomic assertions and lack of standard methodologies overlook climbers in plant inventories, resulting in the underrepresentation of climbers in regional floras. There is a growing consensus about the increasing abundance of climbers and their multifaceted role in tropical forests worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to understand the taxonomic diversity and ecology of climbers at the regional scale to substantiate our efforts towards constructing a global climber database, which serves as a reference for fundamental research in climber ecology and evolution. This book is of interest to biodiversity researchers, taxonomists, ecologists, and evolutionary biologists. Field biologists, forest managers, and naturalists will also find this a useful read.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 922 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811986451
    DDC: 333.95
    Language: English
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Food science. ; Food Analysis. ; Chemistry. ; Food Science. ; Food Analysis. ; Food Engineering. ; Food Chemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Forage quality vis-a vis livestock productivity -- 3. Forage Quality Indices -- 4. Forage quality components -- 5. Management of anti-nutrients in forages -- 6. General scheme for forage quality analysis -- 7. Laboratory essentials for forage evaluation -- 8. Solutions and buffers in estimations -- 9. Estimation of nutritional components in forages -- 10. Estimation of anti-quality and anti-nutritional factors in forages -- 11. Estimation of mineral content in forages -- 12. Estimation of phytochemicals and enzyme activities in forages -- 13. Quality Estimation of Natural Grasslands and Pastures. 14. Nutritional Quality of Important Forages -- 15. Conservation and processing of forages -- 16. Factors Affecting Forage Quality -- 17. Forage Nutritional Quality Management.
    Abstract: The book covers different techniques and methodologies involved in the nutritional quality analysis of forages. It also discusses the nutritional quality, anti-nutritional components, factors affecting forage quality, feed processing and conservation. Different techniques and methodologies have been presented in a simplified manner. The book has been divided in separate chapters and each chapter discusses different aspect of forage quality. Further, the book also covers the topics on conservation and processing of forages and management techniques for improving the forage nutritional quality. This book is an essential source of information for research scholars, post-graduate students and scientists working on forage quality estimation and also in livestock and dairy industries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 233 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811960208
    DDC: 641.3
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Ecosystems. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part (I) Introduction to river hazards and their management: Chapter 1. Natural River Hazards: Their Impacts and Mitigation Techniques -- Chapter 2. Assessment of sediment hazard and associated measurement -- Chapter 3. Modelling approach to study the riverine flood hazard of lower Damodar river -- Chapter 4. Field measurement of accumulated surface water and infiltration depth in a flood-prone Langol catchment of Manipur valley region -- Chapter 5. Soil erosion analysis with respect to land use / land cover change in Godavari basin -- Part (II) Stability of Hydraulic Structures and Sediment Transport: Chapter 6. Stability of hydraulic structures against erosion and scour due to water jets -- Chapter 7. Stabilization of Manmade Embankments at Indian Sundarban Estuary through Turbulence Control at Flow-Sediment Interface: Field Survey and Flume Experimentation -- Chapter 8. A Review of Sedimentation on Different Types of Weirs -- Chapter 9. A Review on Parametric Studies of Piano Key Weir -- Chapter 10 Influence of boundary condition on the modified 2D shallow water model near the flow-structure interaction zone: a case study in Brahmaputra River -- Chapter 11. A Review on Estimation Methods of Scour Depth around Bridge Pier -- Chapter 12. Estimation of Shear force Distribution in Two-stage open channel using SVM and ANFIS -- Chapter 13. Sediment transport modelling through machine learning methods: Review of current challenges and strategies -- Chapter 14. Impact of Anthropocene on the fluvial sediment supply: The Mahanadi River basin perspective -- Chapter 15. Assessment of sediment hazards by bed level variations around the bridge pier -- Chapter 16. Equation development for equilibrium bed load -- Part (III) Hydrological hazards and ecological restoration: Chapter 17. Flood mitigation with river restoration using Porcupine systems -- Chapter 18. Flood prioritisation of basins based on geomorphometric properties using Morphometric analysis and Principal component analysis: A case study of the Maner River basin -- Chapter 19. Flood modelling of Krishna river at Sangli using HEC-RAS -- Chapter 20. Development of Machine Learning based Flood Prediction Model for Godavari River Basin -- Chapter 21. Field study on soil organic matter content in inundation areas of Langol catchment by loss- on-ignition” method -- Chapter 22. Agricultural Drought Assessment using Satellite based Surface Soil Moisture Estimate -- Chapter 23. A Review on Hydrodynamics of Vegetated Streams -- Chapter 24. Analysis of Stormwater Drainage Network of the Central Zone in the Surat City by Using SWMM 5.1 Software -- Chapter 25. Review of state-of-the-art research on river hydrological hazards, restoration and management -- Chapter 26. Erosion Susceptibility Mapping based on Hypsometric Analysis using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Techniques -- Part (IV) Climate change and Global warming issues: Chapter 27. Climate Change Implication and Adaptation for River systems -- Chapter 28. Non-parametric approaches to identify rainfall pattern in semi-arid regions: Ranipet, Vellore, and Tirupathur districts, Tamil Nadu, India -- Chapter 29. Decadal-based analysis of hydrological components in the Kesinga sub-catchment in Mahanadi Basin: An assessment of climate variability impact -- Chapter 30. Prediction of Future Rainfall in the Upper Godavari Basin Using Statistical Downscaling Model -- Chapter 31. Projecting Future Maximum Temperature Changes in River Ganges Basin using Observations and Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) -- Chapter 32. Trend Assessment of Rainfall over Mumbai and Pune Cities -- Chapter 33. Evaluation of Potential lakes Susceptible to GLOF using Multi-Criteria Assessment in Jhelum Sub-basin of Indus Basin.
    Abstract: This edited book covers all aspects of River related disasters, challenges, and opportunities. Step-by-step descriptions are provided of river dynamics and associated hazards, and their applications in hazard assessments, accompanied by several experimental, filed and numerical studies. In addition, a systematic table of content is given to aid in identifying River hazards challenges and opportunities. Essential information is provided on River dynamics, hydrological processes and climate change issues, and an individual chapter is devoted to ecological restoration and river hazard management. Further topics include the stability of hydraulic structures, sediment transport, and debris flow in the hilly streams. This book will provide students, researchers, scientists, water resources managers with a comprehensive overview of the River dynamics and flood hazards in various sectors of water-related disasters and will enable them to explore the scope of application of the computational techniques and will enable them to explore the scope of River related disasters, allied branches and their field-specific problems. Professionals and policymakers may also explore the implementation of these approaches in their workplace to tackle complex river dynamics and hydrological phenomena occurring in their study area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 624 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811971006
    Series Statement: Disaster Resilience and Green Growth,
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Metabolism Disorders. ; Genetics. ; Cardiovascular system. ; Physiology. ; Biomedical Research. ; Metabolic Disease. ; Genetics and Genomics. ; Cardiovascular Physiology.
    Description / Table of Contents: An overview of genome editing in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases -- Bioinformatics research methodology of genome editing in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases -- Online databases of genome editing in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases -- Application of systems biology for genome editing involved in regulating of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases -- Bioinformatics for reducing off-targets in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases -- Genome editing and cardiac regeneration -- Genome editing and myocardial development -- Genome editing and heart failure -- Genome editing and pathological cardiac hypertrophy -- Genome editing and cardiac remodeling -- Genome editing and diabetic cardiomyopathy -- Genome editing and cardiac arrhythmias -- Genome editing and atrial fibrillation -- Genome editing and muscle atrophy -- Genome editing and obesity -- Genome editing and fatty liver -- Genome editing and diabetes -- Genome editing and gout -- Genome editing and protein energy malnutrition -- Genome therapy and cardiovascular diseases -- Therapeutics in metabolic diseases -- Gene editing and human iPSCs in cardiovascular and editing diseases -- Prospective advances in genome editing investigation.
    Abstract: This book provides the latest research progress on genome editing in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and includes bioinformatics research methodology of genome editing. Genome editing is a genetic engineering technique precisely modified specific target genes of organism genome, which has been applied to basic theoretical research and production applications from plants and animals to gene therapy of human beings. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases have become major factors affecting human health worldwide. This book contains information about bioinformatics, genome editing in cardiovascular diseases, genome editing in metabolic diseases and therapeutic effects. It will be useful for biologist, cardiologist, cardiovascular surgeons, endocrinologist, internists, nurses, undergraduate and graduate students in medicine and cell biology and others interested in cardiovascular and metabolic medicine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 339 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811956423
    Series Statement: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1396
    DDC: 610.72
    Language: English
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Nanobiotechnology. ; Biomedical engineering. ; Nanotechnology. ; Medical care. ; Materials. ; Detectors. ; Nanobiotechnology. ; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. ; Nanotechnology. ; Health Care. ; Sensors and biosensors.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.Recent development in detection systems for human viral pathogens from clinical samples with special reference to biosensors -- 2. Nano Biosensors For COVID – 19 -- 3. Electrochemical detection of cancer fingerprint: A systematic review on recent progress in extracellular vesicle research from lab to market -- 4. Nano-biosensors for diagnosing infectious and lifestyle-related disease of human: an update -- 5. Design and Analysis of One Dimensional Photonic Crystal Biosensor Device for Identification of Cancerous Cells -- 6. Smart nanobiosensing for COVID-19 diagnosis -- 7. Machine Learning-Enabled Biosensors in Clinical Decision Making -- 8. Recent Progress on the Development of Chemosensors -- 9. Medical Device & Equipment Sector in India: Towards Sophisticated Digital Healthcare Systems - An Overview -- 10. Application of Radio Pharmaceuticals in Diagnostics and Therapy.
    Abstract: This book reviews the potential of next-generation point-of-care diagnosis in healthcare. It also discusses the printed chip-based assay (Lab-on-a-Chip, Lab-on-a-PCB) for rapid, inexpensive biomarkers detection. The book presents the development of sensory systems based on the use of nanomaterials. It examines different biosensors for medical diagnosis using surface modification strategies of transducers. It presents electrochemical concepts based on different nanobiomaterials and nanocomposites for cancer theranostics. Notably, the book examines the recent advances in wearable, cost-effective hemodynamic sensors to detect diseases at an early stage. It further explores the combination of redox cycling and electrochemical detection to develop ultrasensitive and reproducible biosensors for point-of-care testing. Finally, the book summarizes the significant challenges in the point of care diagnostics and its future opportunities in healthcare. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 249 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811971303
    DDC: 620.5
    Language: English
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  • 96
    Keywords: Pharmacy. ; Pharmacology. ; Medical sciences. ; Drug development. ; Pharmaceutical chemistry. ; Toxicology. ; Pharmacovigilance. ; Pharmacy. ; Pharmacology. ; Preclinical Research. ; Pharmaceutics. ; Toxicology. ; Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction to Calibration -- Chapter 2. Errors and Uncertainties in Calibrations -- Chapter 3. Calibration Methods and Procedures -- Chapter 4. Calibration Software Support -- Chapter 5. Objectives of Qualification -- Chapter 6. Approach to the Qualification process -- Chapter 7. Objectives, Methods and Roles of Verification -- Chapter 8. Improvement in Software Quality -- Chapter 9. General Principles of Validation -- Chapter 10. Process Validation and its Types -- Chapter 11. Pharmaceutical Equipment Validation -- Chapter 12. Cleaning Validation for the Pharmaceutical, Biopharmaceutical, Nutraceuticals -- Chapter 13. Validation of Pharmaceutical Dosages Form – Validation of Tablets, Capsules, Liquids and Semisolids -- Chapter 14. Approach for Herbal Standardization -- Chapter 15. Regulatory requirements for herbal medicines in India -- Chapter 16. Expert Opinion on the Basis of the Content.
    Abstract: This up-to-date and unique monograph covers the different aspects of pharmaceutical validation, calibration, qualification and documentation. It discusses the various methods and processes under all these heads. It includes eight major sections and exhaustively covers each topic.The book includes interesting and timely topics like the ‘Validation of herbals’ considering the increasing reliance on herbal medicines. It includes a section of validation of dosage forms, which is an essential topic for any pharmaceutical scientist. The chapters provide lucid illustrations, figures, flowcharts and other diagrams to facilitate understanding. A final section on 'expert opinion' provides a rundown about the global scenario to the readers. The book serves as a complete reference material for students, researchers and industry experts in the field of pharmaceutical sciences, medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 215 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811990021
    DDC: 615.1
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Plant diseases. ; Ecology . ; Agriculture. ; Botany. ; Plant Pathology. ; Ecology. ; Agriculture. ; Plant Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Historic Plant Disease Epidemics -- 2. Epidemic Factors -- 3. Predicting Variables. 4.Criteria to Develop Forecast -- 5. Modeling of Epidemic Dynamic -- 6. Decision Support Systems (DSSs) -- 7. Expert System -- 8. Geographic Information Systems: Web-Based Disease Forecasting -- 9. Decision Support Systems and Expert Systems: A Comparison -- 10. Forecasting in Changed Climate -- 11. Disease Detection: Imaging Technology and Remote Sensing -- 12. Classical Disease Forecasting Systems.
    Abstract: This book focus on creating popularity and interest in modeling, derivation of equations for plant disease forecasting or construction and use of Web-based Expert Systems among plant pathologists. This book covers descriptions of many historic plant disease epidemics, various forecasting systems and methods of their construction, instruments required for study of plant disease epidemics, widely used commercial forecasting systems and present global scenario of forecasting. In the human history plant disease epidemics have brought unsurmountable misery many a times. Still breaking out of epidemic in any time in any part of the world is a stark reality. The panic spraying of chemical pesticides is not a panacea. Only the IPM technology may give relief. This technology if backed by the disease forewarning system may yield the desired results. Hence, an in depth understanding of plant disease forecasting system and its successful implementation may bring the global food security. This title provides a useful background for all students, practitioners, and researchers interested in the field of epidemiology, food security and agriculture sciences. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 126 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819912100
    DDC: 571.92
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Keywords: Stress (Physiology). ; Plants. ; Plant physiology. ; Botanical chemistry. ; Metabolism, Secondary. ; Plant Stress Responses. ; Plant Physiology. ; Plant Biochemistry. ; Plant Secondary Metabolism.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1:An Update on Reactive Oxygen Species Synthesis and its Potential Application -- Chapter 2 :Mechanism of Reactive Oxygen Species Regulation in Plants -- Chapter 3: Biomolecules Targeted by Reactive Oxygen Species -- Chapter 4: Functions of Reactive Oxygen Species in Improving Agriculture and Future Crop Safety -- Chapter 5: The Ecology of Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling -- Chapter 6: Physiological Impact of Reactive Oxygen Species on Leaf -- Chapter 7: Reactive Oxygen Species: Role in Senescence and Signal Transduction -- Chapter 8: Hazardous Phytotoxic Nature of Reactive Oxygen Species in Agriculture -- Chapter 9: Hormonal Response in Plants Influenced by Reactive Oxygen Species -- Chapter 10: The Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species as Signals that Influence Plant Stress Tolerance and Programmed Cell Death -- Chapter 11: ight into the Interaction of Strigolactones, Abscisic Acid, and Reactive Oxygen Species Signals -- Chapter 12: 12. Hydrogen Peroxide: Regulator of Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Response -- Chapter 13:Towards Sustainable Agriculture: Strategies Involving Phyto-Protectants against Reactive Oxygen Species -- chapter 14:Signaling Pathway of Reactive Oxygen Species in Crop Plants under Abiotic Stress -- Chapter 15: Adverse Impact of ROS on Nutrient Accumulation and Distribution in Plants.
    Abstract: This edited book focuses on ROS synthesis, potential applications, toxicity, and preservations. It explores the recently proposed hormonal response and biomolecules targeted in regulation of ROS. Chapters cover resistance and susceptibility to plant pathogen, strategies involving phytoprotectants, and life span of nematode affected by ROS. This book includes a compilation of recently written, integrated, and illustrated reviews describing latest information on ROS. Chapters incorporate both theoretical and practical aspects of plant ROS. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules involved in the redox equilibrium and biological processes. In plants, ROS play an important role in biotic and abiotic stress sensing, integration of diverse environmental signals, and commencement of stress-response networks, thus contributing to the establishment of defense mechanisms and plant resilience. Critical amount of ROS is required by plants for regular operation of vital physiological mechanisms. This book brings together a compilation of latest research work on reactive oxygen species and their emerging importance. The book is a useful read for students, researchers, and scientists in the field of agri-life sciences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 295 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811997945
    DDC: 581.788
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Keywords: Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Reproduction. ; Physiology. ; Pollution. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Reproductive Physiology. ; Pollution.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Pesticide and xenobiotic metabolism in aquatic organisms -- 2. Endocrine disrupting activity of xenobiotics in aquatic animals -- 3. Water contamination through xenobiotics and their toxic effects on aquatic animals -- 4. Cypermethrin induced reproductive toxicity in zebrafish: biochemical and molecular perspective -- 5. Impact of Pesticides Application on Aquatic Environments And Biodiversity -- 6. Impact of microplastics on reproductive and physiological aspects of aquatic inhabitants -- 7. The Impact of Xenobiotics in Development & Reproduction of fresh water Fishes -- 8. Mixtures and Reproduction in Aquatic Organisms – benefits and challenges -- 9. Phytoestrogens as Endocrine-Disrupting Agents In Aquaculture -- 10. A Proteomic Approach to Studying the Effects of Xenobiotics on Aquatic Living Organisms -- 11. Role of Cytochrome P450 in xenobiotic metabolism in fishes -- 12. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic modelling of Xenobiotics: Fate and effect in Aquatic Animals -- 13. Occurrence of xenoestrogen alkylphenols (Octylphenols and Nonylphenol), and its impact on the aquatic ecosystem -- 14. Xenobiotics' effect on fish reproduction and development -- 15. Scientometric analysis of ecotoxicological investigations of xenobiotics in aquatic animals -- 16. Toxic effects of nanomaterials on aquatic animals and their future prospective -- 17. Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic organisms: An Ecotoxicological perspective -- 18. Effect of xenobiotics and their degradation in aquatic life -- 19. Transcriptome analysis of aquatic species exposed to endocrine disruptors -- 20. Fundamentals of genotoxicity and antiparasitic drugs associated with genotoxicity in fish -- 21. Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) as emerging aquatic contaminants: Emphasis on Reproduction and Development.
    Abstract: This book summarizes the latest understanding of the impact of xenobiotics on the developmental and reproductive processes of aquatic animals, particularly nektonic forms, which comprise an important group of aquatic ecosystems. Aquaculture is quickly becoming the largest contributor of fish protein for human consumption. As the aquaculture business expands, farmed fish will be exposed to more environmental toxins, necessitating the use of chemical therapeutic drugs for fish. This book brings together experts on the regulation of environmental toxins and food chemicals from around the world, as well as researchers looking into the metabolism and disposal of foreign chemicals (xenobiotics) in fish species. The impact of xenobiotics on reproductive and developmental biology of all living forms has become of prime importance at the current time. As the effect of these xenobiotics on aquatic animals is an emerging area for research and development, several groups across the world are working on these aspects, targeting different groups of fishes in both marine and freshwater ecosystems. This collective work highlights several key and updated recent aspects of different types of xenobiotics entering aquatic ecosystems, impacts of these agents on reproductive physiology, developmental biology, breeding biology, hormonal imbalance, aquatic ecology, and pollution on the aquatic ecosystem. The unique aggregation of different types of stressors to aquatic animals under a single volume will be a useful reference for readers, including scientists, teachers, students, researchers and policymakers and those involved in aquaculture and environment conservation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 427 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819912148
    DDC: 577.6
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Keywords: Nutrition   . ; Economic development. ; Ethnology Africa. ; Culture. ; Food security. ; Medical sciences. ; Nutrition. ; Development Studies. ; African Culture. ; Food Security. ; Health Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction Changing Dietary Patterns, Indigenous Foods, and Wild Foods in Relation to Wealth, Mutual Relations, and Health in Tanzania -- Chapter 2. Environment, Dietary Patterns, and Combinations of Food Intake in Tanzania -- Chapter 3. Purchase, Cultivation, and Forage: Does it Make a Difference in Food Intake Frequency? -- Chapter 4. Does Staple Food Sufficiency Ensure Food Variety? A Comparative Analysis from Southern, Southeastern, and Central Tanzania -- Chapter 5. Changing Dietary Patterns and Associated Social Context Subjective Health Quality of Life, Wealth, and Mutual Relations in Tanzania -- Chapter 6.Social Capital and Subjective “Poverty” Contribute to People’s Subjective Health, but Financial Support Does Not -- Chapter 7. Growth with Disparity in a Rich Diverse City: Case of the Economic Capital Dar es Salaam -- Chapter 8. High Maize Productive Rural Inland Areas: Ample Staple Food, but What about Health? -- Chapter 9. Coastal Traditional and Changing Dietary Patterns: Protein from Fish and Pulses as well as Patterns of Purchased Food -- Chapter 10. Does Intake of Wild Foods Improve Subjective Health? Evidence from 3 Areas of Tanzania -- Chapter 11. Case of Inland Forest Vicinities in Tanzania: General Low Health Evaluation but Higher for Those Who Access Variety of Wild foods? -- Chapter 12. Traditional Semi-arid Agro-pastoral Inland Food Patterns and Society: Frequent Food Deficits but Balanced BMI and Prevention of Anemia -- Chapter 13. Nutrition Potential of African Wild Leafy Vegetables: Evidence from Semi-arid Central Tanzania -- Chapter 14. Conclusions What is the Secret to Good Health, and How are Wealth and Mutual Assistance Related?.
    Abstract: This book presents different dietary patterns, some utilizing wild foods and others facing drastically changing dietary patterns, and shows their implications for health in terms of wealth, mutual assistance, food sufficiency and food diversity. The book examines these globally important issues through a case study of Tanzania. Using a novel methodology based on a global standard quality of life indicator, the book sheds light on the relationship between wild food intake and health in Tanzania. Descriptive case studies illustrate the impact of various food patterns and wild food intake on human health. It also highlights the divergence between food production sufficiency and food diversity. It then discusses the influence of wealth, mutual relations, and methods of food access. Finally, the book concludes with recommendations for maintaining good health in various environments. The intended readers of this book are academics and professionals in the fields of development, nutrition, and environment in East Africa. These include, but are not limited to, regional and district personnel who are actively engaged in development, relevant ministries of food and agriculture, and international organizations such as FAO, UNICEF, UNDP, and UNEP. In the academic field, students and researchers in international studies, development studies, African studies, social studies, cultural studies, nutrition, agriculture, and environmental studies are targeted. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 340 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819933709
    DDC: 613.2
    Language: English
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