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  • 1
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    A generative toolkit to help raise industrial design students' awareness of low metal recycling rates (2024)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Education for Sustainable Development requires raising individuals' awareness of problems relevant to the environment. We designed a Generative Toolkit that supports industrial design students carrying out a Speculative Design task and through this process initiates greater problem awareness of low metal recycling rates. In this paper we give insights into the Toolkit's theoretical derivation and the design process. Findings from testing suggest that there are several opportunities for improvement, such as considering further content-related competencies in the Toolkit's design.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: conferenceobject , doc-type:conferenceObject
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  • 2
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    Humboldtn and the sustainable transformation of universities (2024)
    Cham : Springer
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: The sustainable transformation of society is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Universities are central actors for knowledge generation and transfer in the sustainability field and, at the same time, are facing the question of how they can become sustainable social actors and make their activities and infrastructure sustainable. Against this background, the 16 member universities of the State Rectors' Conference of North Rhine-Westphalia have joined forces in the Humboldtn initiative to pool their efforts in the field of sustainability and to anchor generational responsibility for sustainable action in research, teaching, administration, infrastructure, and transfer. How the joint responsibility for the questions for the future in the aforementioned complex of topics is addressed via Humboldtn and which focal points are set in the process will be presented and discussed using examples from the institutional sustainability transformation and examples from the research area from RWTH Aachen University. In this way, the implementation of transformation processes at universities and their possible blueprint effect can be illuminated.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Comparative analysis of residential building decarbonization policies in major economies : insights from the EU, China, and India (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: The global building sector, responsible for over 30% of CO2 emissions, necessitates urgent decarbonization efforts. This paper examines residential building decarbonization policies in three major economies - the European Union (EU), China, and India. It provides an overview of diverse policies through policy landscape analysis and delves into the design specifics with a detailed policy intensity analysis of building energy codes, information disclosure, and financial incentives in each region. Our findings reveal a diverse mix of policies targeting residential building decarbonization in all three regions. While the EU and China have long-established diverse policy instruments, India's building energy efficiency policies are relatively recent and limited. Detailed analyses of building energy codes, information disclosure, and financial incentives expose variations in ambition, scope, and implementation, even with shared policy instruments. Significant advancements in building energy codes, particularly in stringency and compliance checks, are evident in the EU and China. Conversely, India faces a notable obstacle with limited adoption of residential building energy codes, impacting its journey towards net-zero. The EU leads in building energy labelling policies, while China and India encounter various challenges hindering widespread implementation. Financial incentives across the three regions predominantly take the form of subsidies, potentially straining public budgets. The study concludes with reflections on the pressing need for future research extending beyond the operational phase of buildings.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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  • 4
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    A micromechanical analysis of marble pulverization under quasi-static progressive cyclic loading (2024)
    In:  International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Highly fragmented rocks (i.e., pulverized rocks) in the fault damage zone presumably develop during co-seismic deformation processes. These pulverized rocks close to the fault core are generally thought to originate from high strain rates, whereas the genesis of pulverized rocks that can be found several hundred meters away from the fault core – where quasi-static conditions prevail – remains unclear. We thus conducted uniaxial cyclic loading experiments with axial strain rate of ∼10−3 s−1 on Leiyang marble in a stress-controlled manner in order to produce crushed rocks for analysis. We found that cyclic loading between 0.8 σc and 1.3 σc can simultaneously compact pre-existing cracks and generated new cracks in marble, which strengthened and stiffened the rock. The stiffened marble developed a higher crack density and energy density before rupture, thereby facilitating rock fragmentation compared with the reference sample, which was fractured monotonically in one cycle. Our results provide a plausible explanation for the genesis of pulverized marble at quasi-static strain rate in the field.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Semi-Airborne Electromagnetic Survey Design and Inversion for Large-Scale Mineral Exploration in the Harz Area, Germany (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: This study investigates the optimization of Semi-Airborne Electromagnetic (SAEM) surveys for enhanced subsurface imaging in mineral exploration. It highlights the utility of multi-transmitter systems and explores real data utilization and the challenges of large-scale surveys. With emphasis on Data obtained from DESMEX project surveys. The use of multiple transmitters is crucial. Single transmitters can distort results and mask subsequent bodies. Employing two transmitters on both sides of the target enhances resolution and depth accuracy. results are based on finite element forward operator custEM and pyGIMLi’s inverse solver [1]. substantial advantages of combining single and multi-patch inversion data. This integration results in improved resolution, reduced artifacts, enhanced continuity of geological structures, superior anomaly detection, minimized edge effects, and improved depth penetration [2]. These findings open promising avenues for further exploration and research in geosciences, offering valuable insights into the Earth's subsurface and its intricate geological features. The next logical step involves expanding our methodology to large-scale inversion using more than three transmitters.
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Multidimensional inversion of sedimentary sequences in the Atacama Desert, Chile, using transient electromagnetic data (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: The Atacama Desert along the Chilean Coastal Cordillera is a unique landscape to understand the Earth's evolution in hyper-arid and arid environments. The Paranal clay pan has studied by the CRC 1211 project to recover a continuous climate record for paleoclimate research. The goal is to provide the sedimentary architecture and bedrock topography of the Paranal site by interpreting multidimensional inversion of loop source transient electromagnetic (TEM) data. A total of 133 TEM soundings were carried out using a central loop configuration, with a transmitter loop size of 40×40 m2 and a receiver of about 10×10 m2. The TEM data was processed and analyzed, exhibiting high-quality data, with an average of noise level of about ηnoi = 3·10−10V/Am2. The 1D Occam inversion results exhibits a clear three-layered resistivitydepth structure with a second conductive layer of roughly 20 Ωm. The clay pan's resistivity distribution is well-resolved with a global misfit of around 1.1. However, the study site showed 2D effects that were stronlgy visible at the edges of the clay pan, leading to misinterpretations of the TEM data. This was confirmed based on 2D forward modelling. In this manner, to better deal with the observed 2D distortions in the TEM data and to derive a more accurate geometry of the clay pan, the recently developed Julia Package (3DTEMinv) for time-domain 3D inversion and modeling data was performed. The resulting 3D inversion presents a high convergence rate, and acceptable solutions are obtained after ten iterations with a good misfit of about 1.6. The 3D model exhibits a well-resolved geometry of the clay pan, with a high resolution of the derived conductive body. The drill core results confirm the 1D and 3D TEM models at the center of the clay pan, which is in good agreement with the resulting lithology with a maximum thickness of about 171 m depth and a weathered granodioritic bedrock below. These results agree with the local and regional geological context, improving the understanding of sediment deposition and transportation in this hilly and arid environment.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 7
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    3D Inversion of Loop-Source Time-Domain Electromagnetic Data - Application to Synthetic & Field Data (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Multi-dimensional inversion of Transient electromagnetic data is a computationally expensive task. Only few developments and practical interpretation tools exist. Here, we present a multidimensional inversion framework for loop source time-domain electromagnetic data. The developed algorithm is a robust, efficient, and user-oriented tool for the multi-dimensional inversion of typical loop source time-domain electromagnetic configurations. A time-domain finite volume discretization and the direct solver MUMPS are utilized to solve the 3D TEM forward problem. An iterative Gauss-Newton optimization method is implemented for the inversion kernel. The code is parallelized for calculating multiple sources simultaneously to accelerate the inversion. Based on exploration tasks, different configurations exist for commonly used loop source TEM configurations and typical field scales. Synthetic examples are used to verify the effectiveness and benchmark the developed 3D algorithm. Considering that TEM data is often gathered along profiles, adjusting the model roughness along the different modeling domain directions, sufficiently constrains to allow for 2D imaging. In addition to the vertical signal components, we also included horizontal components for large scale fixed loop applications. Subsequent to synthetic validation, the inversion algorithm is further verified using ~120 dense TEM soundings collected over a clay pan site in the Atacama Desert, Chile, to provide bedrock geometry information and suitable coring sites. The 3D inversion result provided an excellent depth estimate of sedimentary infill as well as the bedrock topography and was later confirmed by deep coring. Another interesting site is the Roter Kamm impact crater in Namibia. Our preliminary results obtained from largescale multicomponent fixed loop TEM data reveal a sedimentary infill down to ~300 m depth. In conclusion, our presented 3D inversion code is capable to handle data from various exploration scenarios and provides a robust tool for advanced EM interpretation.
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Smart data selection - First insights from using machine learning for controlled-source RMT data processing (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Virtual experiments on an IP laboratory measurement (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: Carrying out laboratory experiments is usually a time-consuming process. In addition, the options for varying parameter studies are limited and adjustments to the design of the measuring equipment are often not possible at all. In order to circumvent these limitations, we supplement our laboratory experiments with virtual experiments as best as possible. For this purpose, we have expanded our finite element library FEMALY [1] to include the so-called complete electrode model [2], which allows us to simulate electrodes of any shape for DC and IP applications and also provides us with explicit mathematical expressions for calculating sensitivities [3]. As a first case study, we consider an IP measurement on a measuring cylinder with embedded ring electrodes to virtually reproduce the time-varying change of the apparent resistivity for laboratory tracer experiments (Figure 1). We present the real and imaginary part of the sensitivity distribution of the underlying measurement configuration that confirms our initial assumption that the actual electrode surface shape has a relatively small influence on the observed measurement quantities.
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Semi-airborne electromagnetic exploration for deep earth resources - large scale multi source 3D imaging of a graphite deposit (2024)
    In:  Protokoll über das 30. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: virtuell, 25. September - 29. September 2023
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-31
    Description: The transition towards renewable energies demands secure supply with critical raw material and requires efficient non-invasive methods for deep earth resources exploration. The novel DESMEX (Deep electromagnetic sounding for mineral exploration) semi-airborne electromagnetic (semi-AEM) exploration concept aims at efficient exploration of resources down to 1 km depth. Here we present a large-scale semi-AEM exploration study in a graphite mining district in eastern Bavaria, Germany. At the ground, several horizontal electrical dipole transmitters were deployed and helicopter-towed magnetic field sensors measure the EM fields along flight lines within several overlapping flight areas, providing a fast data acquisition and a high spatial coverage. Imaged shallow high conductivity structures can be correlated with graphite-rich zones and match well with existing helicopter-borne EM results. The presence of graphite leads to significant induced polarization (IP) effects with considerably high chargeabilities superposing electromagnetic induction. We include these effects in a realistic 3D inversion using a synthetic data study to analyse, if the IP effect alters the overall conductivity structure and demonstrate that the obtained 3D model is reliable.
    Language: English
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