ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (49)
  • acid deposition  (49)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (49)
Collection
  • Articles  (49)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen mineralization in high elevation forests of the Appalachians. I. Regional patterns in southern spruce-fir forests (1989)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 7 (1989), S. 131-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Picea rubens ; Abies fraseri ; acid deposition ; forest decline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Annual and seasonal rates of net nitrogen mineralization were determined for 19 sites in the spruce-fir forests of the Southern Appalachian Mountains. These sites included high and low elevation stands of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) and Fraser fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh.) Poir.) on east and west exposures on Whitetop Mountain, Virginia; Mt. Mitchell, North Carolina; and Clingman's Dome in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Mineralization rates were determined using in situ soil incubations in PVC tubes with ion exchange resin bags placed in the bottom of the tubes to collect leachate. Throughfall was collected in resin bags placed in the top of the tubes. Average initial NH4-N + NO3-N ranged from 0.6 to 4.8 kg N/ha across all plots, and average mineralization rates ranged from 26 to 180 kg-N ha−1 yr−1. Throughfall ranged from 18 to 32 kg-N ha−1 yr−1 with NH4-N accounting for about two-thirds of the throughfall N across all sites. Throughfall and mineralization rates were not related to elevation or exposure. The high rates of N mineralization and relatively high nitrate concentrations indicate that leaching losses of nitrogen and associated cations could be substantial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004125
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nine years of measurements of atmospheric nitrogen and sulphur deposition to Danish forest (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 2205-2210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Trend ; gas ; aerosol ; bulk precipitation ; throughfall ; acid deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Since 1985 measurements of gasses, aerosols, precipitation and throughfall have been carried out at three forest sites in Denmark with equal aged Norway Spruce plantations. The times series show a downward trend in the concentration of sulphur dioxide. Particulate sulphate, ammonia and particulate ammonium and the total nitrate seem to have a more constant concentration level. The wet deposition measurements show a decreasing trend in the content of acid (protons), sulphate, ammonium and nitrate, though for the nitrogen compounds it is only a slight fall. A decrease in concentrations of protons and sulphate is also seen in the throughfall measurements, in throughfall the nitrogen compounds hardly seem to decrease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186161
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil sensitivity due to acid and heavy metal deposition in East Central Europe (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 737-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: acid deposition ; heavy metals ; cadmium ; soil contamination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous soil acidification and deposition of heavy metals is a major concern for forest and agricultural soils of the Black Triangle region of East Central Europe including southern former East Germany, northern Bohemia of the Czech Republic, and southern Poland. The objective of this project was to develop historical and future projections of acid and heavy metal deposition to soils (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) and to produce a preliminary map of soil sensitivity to cadmium pollution and uptake by crops. Ultimately, we wish to assess the relative hazard and recovery times of soils to metals deposition in the region. Emission and deposition data bases obtained from several models developed at IIASA were linked using the Geographical Information System ARC/INFO to produce soil maps of sensitivity to cadmium mobility based on metals deposition, soil type, soil texture, organic matter content, and acid deposition. RAINS 6.1 (Alcamo et al., 1990) was utilized to produce maps of acid deposition for EMEP grids (150 km x 150 km). The largest amount of acid load is deposited in southern East Germany. Sulfur deposition in that area was 10–12 gS/m2/yr in 1990, and S+N deposition exceeded 8000 eq/ha/yr. But the “hot spot” for metals deposition is further to the east, in the Silesia area of southern Poland. The TRACE2 trajectory model of Alcamo, Bartnicki, and Olendrzynski (1992) was used to estimate cumulative metals deposition since 1955 with scenarios to 2010. Pb has improved over Europe since 1970 when depositions in the Ruhr River Valley of West Germany exceeded 60 mg/m2/yr. But cadmium deposition in southern Poland (Katowice and Krakow) has now accumulated to 60–70 mg/m2 by atmospheric deposition alone. During base case simulations from 1955–87, approximately 1.8 mg/kg Pb and 0.12 mg/kg Cd have been added to the mixed plow-layer of ∼30 cm. If these emissions continue indefinitely, the accumulation of metals will become problematic for agriculture and the food chain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476917
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications of natural acidification for mitigation strategies in northern Sweden (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 499-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Surface water ; water chemistry ; DOC ; liming ; acid deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Northern Sweden has been regarded as unaffected by acid deposition, but many surface waters in the region fall within the definition of acid surface water (pH 〈 6.0, alkalinity 〈 50 mmolc m−3) permanently or during episodes. Approximatly 100 MSEK in spent annually on liming in northern Sweden. This paper summarizes our conclusions from a workshop on natural versus anthopogenic acidification held in February 1995. It was shown that organic substances have a key role in determining the acidity of surface waters in the region, although anthropogenic effects are documented in some coastal systems and in the southern mountain range. Sulfide oxidation occurs by the coast. It appears clear that many surface waters that were naturally acidic have been limed to unnatural pH levels. New criteria to screen liming candidates should be developed, and one such model based on water chemistry data is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476878
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentrations and depositions of SO2, SO4 2− etc. in a Chongqing suburban forested area (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 1299-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: forest decline ; SO2 ; sulfate ; tandem filter ; throughfall ; acid deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract During the period from 25 May 1991 to 30 May 1992 the atmospheric concentrations and depositions of oxides of sulfur were continuously measured in a suburban masson pine forest which is currently experiencing severe dieback, in Chongqing, China. The annual mean concentrations of SO2 and particulate SO4 2− were 220 μ g/m3 (77 ppbv) and 32 μ g/m3 respectively. The atmospheric concentrations of these sulfur compounds were high in late autumn and winter. The annual wet and dry depositions of sulfur to the forest as measured by throughfall and stemflow were 93.1 and 46.6 kgSha−1a−1 respectively. These depositions are among the highest level ever reported in the world. Althogh the cause of the dieback of the masson pine trees has not been unequivocally determined, it is probable that the direct impact of SO2 is more likely the cause than acid deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477161
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil changes induced by air pollutant deposition and their implication for forests in central Europe (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 63-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Forest damage ; soil acidity ; N-saturation ; acid deposition ; root growth ; drought
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A survey of leaf and needle losses of European forests in 1993 revealed that 23% of the total forested area had defoliation of more than 25%. The focus of this defoliation is in Central Europe, namely in Poland, Slowakia, Czech Republic, and Germany. The annual surveys of leaf losses and discoloration indicated only small changes during the last years for the coniferous forests in Germany. However, the increasing leaf losses of oak and beech during the last years were alarming. Evaluating the potential relation between air pollutant deposition, soil changes and forest damage, we focus here on the recent changes in deposition and soil conditions, and their implication on tree root development and drought susceptability of trees. While deposition of SO4 2−, H+ and Ca2+ in many Central European forests decreased in the last decade, input of NH4 + and NO3 − remained high or even increased. The H+ load of many forest soils today is thus still high compared to weathering rates, but the proportion of the H+ load resulting from turnover of deposited N has increased. Recent effects of changing depositions on acid forest soils were: depletion of soil Al-pools, release of formerly stored soil SO4 2−, accumulation of N in soil organic matter, increasing N availability to trees and decreasing concentration of Ca2+ in the soil solution. We hypothesise that soil acidification and increased N availability will decrease the fine root biomass of trees and shift the rooting zone to upper soil layers. Increased above ground growth, observed in many areas of Europe, will furthermore decrease the root/shoot ratio. This development will finally cause increased drought susceptability of trees and is thus of destabilizing nature. The proposed chain of events might be overlapped by other effects of air pollutants on forest ecosystems, namely direct effects of gases on leaves, nutritional inbalances, and interactions with pests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483689
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishing an acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: acid deposition ; expert meetings ; monitoring guidelines ; monitoring network ; East Asia ; Environment Agency of Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Acid deposition is widely recognized as one of the most serious international atmospheric pollution problems. East Asian countries are currently experiencing acid deposition and have only recently begun expanding domestic research and monitoring activities. However, acid deposition is not only a domestic but also a transboundary problem. In addressing the transboundary aspect, cooperative and collaborative action will be essential. The Environment Agency of Japan is advocating the need to establish an acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia. Therefore, it is sponsoring three “Expert Meetings on Acid Precipitation Monitoring Network in East Asia” between 1993 and 1995. The meetings are attended by both scientific researchers and government officials from numerous East Asian countries. At the administrative and scientific discussions of the first two meetings a consensus on the desirability of establishing a monitoring network in East Asia was obtained and a preliminary technical guideline manual for monitoring acid deposition was adopted. By the end of the third meeting it is hoped that a basic consensus can be reached on a framework for an East Asian acid deposition monitoring network. It is essential to establish such a network in order to evaluate the present state of acid deposition in the region and to reach a common scientific understanding on the acid deposition problem. This is a vital step toward promoting international cooperation on the issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483707
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated assessment models as a basis for air pollution negotiations (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 249-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: acid deposition ; integrated assessment ; modeling ; protocols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract During the last decade the issue of integrated assessment has received attention both in the scientific literature and in the negotiation of international air pollution agreements. More than often this literature does not differentiate between the integrated assessment as a process and the development and use of models as a tool for calculating the potentials of various scenarios. This paper describes the difference between the process and the tool, and illustrates this using the negotiations leading to the Second Sulfur Protocol (June 1994, Oslo). The situation in Europe (with a highly visible interaction between science and policy) will be compared with the United States (where new legislation was passed before the integrated assessment was finished). Further, the role of integrated assessment models in these negotiations will be discussed with special attention for the interaction between model builders and model users. Lessons from the recent European experience will be drawn. These include lessons for future protocols on acidification, and combined ozone/acidification/eutrophicationprotocols. These lessons will deal with the scale of the problem, the scope of the integrated assessment models, the development of models in parallel with scientific development and the various modes of interaction with the policy community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483705
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can forest-soil liming mitigate acidification of surface waters in Sweden? (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 1855-1860 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Acidification ; acid deposition ; liming ; forest soil ; surface waters ; aluminum ; alkalinity ; Sweden
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Acidification of surface waters and forest soils is severe in large parts of southern Sweden. The shallow groundwaters are also affected. Large scale liming of surface waters and streams is in operation, often combined with wetland liming to limit the effects of acid episodes, e.g. at snow melt. Acid episodes are perhaps the most severe problem in limed surface waters and in many as yet well buffered waters, because of temperature-layered acid inflow, often superficial. As a result of some investigations, a large scale forest liming programme covering 6.500–10.000 km2 was recently suggested. The main objectives of this forest liming programme are to retard cation depletion and to prevent nutrient imbalance and forest decline in acidified areas. This paper deals with the effects of forest soil liming on streams and surface waters. The response of water chemistry is very dependent on hydrological and soil properties. Although pH itself may be little affected by liming, the acidity (or negative ANC) decreases, inorganic Al-species decrease and the Al/BC-ratio increases in the runoff water. Especially interesting is that this is also true during acid episodes. This means that toxicity for acid sensitive biota decreases. These results indicate that large scale liming may have beneficial effects on surface water chemistry. Furthermore, as surface waters are expected to respond to smaller decreases in acid deposition than do forests soils, forest soil liming may allow less frequent liming of lakes. Consequently, forest soil liming in combination with the anticipated emission reductions may have very beneficial results on surface waters in certain areas of Sweden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477250
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The acid buffer capacity of some finnish forest soils: Results of acid addition laboratory experiments (1996)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 89 (1996), S. 147-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Neutralization ; acid deposition ; organic matter ; cation exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Batch acid addition experiments were carried out to determine the acid buffer capacities (amount of acid required to lower soil pH by one unit) of forest soils. Samples of O, E, B (or BC), and C horizons taken from 29 podzolic profiles in southern Finland were used in the experiments. Subsamples of soil were equilibrated for 24 h with NaCl solution containing additions of HCl acid. Cation exchange, mineral dissolution (weathering), and the protonation of organic matter all appeared to have been involved in the buffering of the acid additions. For the O horizon samples, most of the cations released in response to the acid additions were base cations. For the mineral soil samples, most of the cations released were Al3+ ions. With the exception of a few samples, the added acid was not fully neutralised and pH was lowered even with the lowest addition treatment. However, the acid addition treatments corresponded to many times the regional annual acid deposition load (1.6–2.0 cmol(c) m−2). Calculated acid buffer capacities (cmol(c) kg−1 pH−1) ranged from 9.8 to 40.8 for O horizon soil samples and from 0.1 (C horizon) to 5.2 (E horizon) for the mineral soil samples. Total acid buffer capacities for a profile (to a depth of 50 cm) ranged from 500 to 2349, with a mean value of 1091 cmol(c) m−2 pH−1. It is concluded that, in addition to CEC and base saturation, acid buffer capacity is a useful measure to describe the ecological effects of acid deposition on soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300427
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...