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  • 2025-2025  (2)
  • 1945-1949  (25,528)
  • 1947  (25,528)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 264-265
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The names Blumea intermedia Koster (syn. Bl. acutata DC. var. \xc3\x9f) and Blumea floresiana (Schultz-Bip.) Boerl. must be kept upright. Blumea humifusa (Miq.) Clarke var. monochasialis Koster has to be changed into Blumea tenella DC. var. monochasialis (Koster) Koster, for Blumea humifusa (Miq.) Clarke is a synonym of Blumea tenella DC.\nBlumea lacera (Burm.) DC. var. burmanni DC. is not a clearly distinguishable variety.\nBlumea runcinata DC. is a synonym of Blumea lacera (Burm.) DC.\nBlumea fasciculata DC. is a synonym of Blumea sessiliflora Decaisne, which is not a synonym of the closely related Blumea fistulosa (Roxb.) Kurz (syn. Bl. glomerata DC. and Bl. leptoclada DC.). Blumea chinensis (L.) DC. as well as Blumea semivestita DC. are a mixture of Blumea riparia (Bl.) DC. and Blumea bullata Koster.
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 229-242
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The International Association of Wood Anatomists in the early years of its existence has undertaken to standardize the nomenclature used in describing woods. Later the classes of dimensions have been added thereinto.\nIn the same way it should be possible now to standardize one or two identification methods.\nUniversal schemes in the first place will fit for this purpose. In the introduction it is explained which requirements should be fulfilled in such schemes.\nThe advantages and drawbacks of an English and a Dutch identification method are compared mutually. It is suggested, that a procedure according to the Hollerith system will allow of a synthesis of both methods mentioned, thus combining advantages and eliminating their drawbacks. The restriction in the applicability of the Hollerith scheme is determined by the fact, that complicated devices are necessary the costs of which can only be justified, if they are constantly employed at full capacity. Thus the method can only be used in a central office. It will especially yield good results if a close international collaboration is established.\nA standardized codification and centralized multiplication and distribution of cards are indispensable requirements for realising this purpose. A short general survey is given of the Universal Decimal Classification and it is explained according to which principles wood species have been included in this scheme. The decimal codes of the U.D.C. can be used for indicating botanical and geographical data in the Hollerith identification. In this way, the great advantage is achieved, that a literature card index on wood species can be compiled with the same figure combinations. In doing so these figures get a wider field of application than when independant classifications are made for identification and documentation purposes.
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 4, pp. 300-308
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: During the time that I was stationed at Port Dickson (State of Negri Sembilan) on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula, a small zoological collection was made. The specimens were brought to me by the personnel of different units of the Royal Netherlands Forces, while I am also indebted to Major C. Rae, RASC, for some interesting specimens. Nearly all specimens belong to common species. However, this area has not been studied so very extensively and therefore, it seems worth while to place these species on record. Unless otherwise stated the specimens are from the strip of country along the coast road to the south of Port Dickson to about ten miles from the township. Where no unit is mentioned, the specimens have been collected by personnel of my own unit (NICA-NRX Detachment). The collection has been presented to the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden.\nBufo melanostictus Schn. 1 specimen, Major L. D. Brongersma, Herp. reg. no. 8488.\nBufo parvus Blgr. 1 \xe2\x99\x82 halfgrown, Herp. reg. no. 8486. 1 juv., among dry leaves in a rubber plantation, March 1946, Sergt.\nEveraarts, Herp. reg. no. 8487.\nI am indebted to Mr. H. W. Parker, London, for his advise that both these specimens should be referred to Bufo parvus Blgr.\nIn the male (length from snout to vent 33 mm), the cranial ridges are distinct. The supraorbital ridges are slightly divergent behind, while the short parietal ridges converge posteriorly; thus the whole of the ridge is somewhat curved. In a fullgrown Sumatran specimen these ridges are straight.
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 7, pp. 267-270
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In 1776 beschreef P. L. S. M\xc3\xbcller (Syst. Nat. Suppl., p. 145) naar aanleiding van in Oost-Java verzameld materiaal de nominaatvorm dezer pitta onder de naam Turdus guajanus, terwijl de in West-Java levende ondersoort affinis als Myiothera affinis in 1821 door Horsfield (Trans. Linn. Soc.\nLondon, vol. 13, p. 154) werd beschreven op grond van in Bantam verkregen materiaal. In Cat. Birds Brit: Museum (vol. XIV, 1888, p. 445/6) vatte Sclater deze beide soorten samen onder de naam Eucichla cyanura.\nRobinson & Kloss (Treubia, vol. V, 1924, p. 279) noemden de OostJava vogels Eucichla c. cyanura en die van het Westen Eucichla cyanura affinis, welke naam ook door Bartels & Stresemann (1929) werd gebezigd. Later toonde Boden Kloss echter aan, dat de naam cyanura diende te worden gewijzigd in guajana (Journ. Mal. Br., Royal As. Soc., vol. IV, 1926, p. 161), terwijl Chasen in diens Handlist (1935) het geslacht Eucichla met Pitta vereenigde en deze brengt Pitta guajana guajana op voor OostJava en Bali en Pitta guajana affinis voor het Westen van dit eiland.\nDe oorspronkelijke beschrijving der beide ondersoorten hebben wij niet ter beschikking, maar Kuroda (Birds of the Island of Java, vol. I, 1933, p. 339) deelt ten aanzien van de nominaatvorm het volgende mede. ,,Characters: \xe2\x80\x94 Very similar to E. g. affinis of W. Java, but the blue gorget much more broader (10 mm in width in \xe2\x99\x82).\nAdult \xe2\x99\x82 (E. Java) \xe2\x80\x94 The ground-colour of underparts yellowish instead of brownish yellow as in affinis and the throat also whiter.\nAdult \xe2\x99\x80 (Bali) \xe2\x80\x94 "The ground-colour below of this female is not white as described in Cat. B. Brit. Mus. XIV. p. 446, but yellowish buff, and the throat is more white (HARTERT)."
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 4, pp. 252-253
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In zijn laatste revisie van het genus Zosterops (Journ. f\xc3\xbcr Orn., vol. 87, 1939, p. 156-164) geeft Stresemann o.a. een schematische voorstelling van de horizontale en verticale verspreiding binnen deze Archipel van de vier voornaamste groepen van dit geslacht: montana, atricapilla, palpebrosa en chloris. Tot onze verwondering wordt hierin geen montana-vorm voor WestJava opgegeven, terwijl Siebers toch reeds in 1929 vogels van Goenoeng Tjerimai besprak, en afsplitste onder de naam Zosterops montana sindorensis (Treubia, vol. 11, 1929, p. 151). Deze ondersoort werd zoowel door Chasen (Handlist of Malaysian Birds, 1935, p. 266) als door Kuroda (Birds of the Island of Java, vol. 1, 1933, p. 127) geaccepteerd. De beide auteurs van \xe2\x80\x9eDe vogels van het Tenggergebergte" (De Tropische Natuur, jrg. 29, 1940, p. 93-101), de heer en mevrouw Van Bemmel, merken daarentegen weer op dat de soort Zosterops montana in West-Java ontbreekt, hetgeen echter in hetzelfde tijdschrift op p. 140 door den heer Bartels wordt herroepen, die melding maakt van het verzamelen van deze soort op de Papandajan. De laatste durft echter aan de hand van het geringe materiaal dat hem ter beschikking staat niet te zeggen tot welk ras de Papandajan-vogels behooren.\nHet Zoologisch Museum te Buitenzorg geraakte echter in 1941 in het bezit van negen balgen van dit brilvogeltje eveneens afkomstig van de Goenoeng Papandajan en aldaar verzameld op een hoogte van circa 2500 m door den heer A. de Vos. Deze balgen wijken in enkele opzichten z\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb3 belangrijk af van alle reeds bekende vormen, dat wij het alleszins verantwoord achten haar hieronder als nieuw te beschrijven.\nZosterops montana minor nov. subspec.
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 2, pp. 205-252
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Blattid fauna of Celebes, the Moluccas, and New Guinea, a region which from a zoogeographical point of view forms an important area of transition, is still insufficiently known. Moreover the literature on the Blattids of this region is scattered in various papers which made it desirable to give a general survey of the hitherto known species of the group from Celebes, the Moluccas, and New Guinea.\nThe present paper deals with the material of Blattidae from the region mentioned above contained in the Leiden and in the Amsterdam museums.\nI am indebted to Prof. Dr. H. Boschma and Dr. H. C. Bl\xc3\xb6te of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden, and to Prof. Dr. L. F. de Beaufort and Mr. J. B. Corporaal of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam for placing the material at my disposal. Further I should like to express my thanks to the board of Greshoff\'s Rumphiusfonds for a grant which enabled me to carry out the investigations.\nAs far as concerns our knowledge of the Blattidae in the region dealt with in the present paper, Celebes is the best known although the number of known species probably represents a part only of the existing forms. Hanitsch (1933) already came to this conclusion as he could state that few species only were caught by more than one collector. A survey of the most important collections from the region, with the names of the collectors and the authors who reported upon the material may be given here.\nBasler Naturhistorisches Museum, collectors P. and F. Sarasin (18931896 and 1902-1903), author R. Hanitsch.\nUniversity Museum Oxford, collector A. R. Wallace (1856-1859), author F. Walker (1868) ; collector W. Doherty (1896), author R. Shelford
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 310-336
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The \xe2\x80\x9cNotes on the Flora of Java\xe2\x80\x9d I and II published in Bull. Jard. hot. Buitenz., S\xc3\xa9r. III, Vol. XVI\xc2\xb2, 107\xe2\x80\x94110 (1939) and in Blumea V, No. 3, 490\xe2\x80\x94525 (1945).\nNext to these the present paper has two other precursors published under different titles but serving entirely the same purpose, which exists in the publishing of all the observations (including new species and nomenclatorial changes) made during the preparation of a Flora of Java under the direction of Dr C. A. Backer (see introduction to Notes II).
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 5, pp. 254-260
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In 1823 heeft Temminck onder de naam Myiothera melanothorax (Pl.\nCol., pl. 185) Cyanoderma m. melanothorax voor het eerst voor Java vastgesteld naar aanleiding van in West-Java (zonder nadere plaatsaanduiding) verzameld materiaal. In 1930 (Orn. Monatsber., vol. 38, p. 148/9) noemt Stresemann vijf exemplaren van deze timelia, afkomstig van Goenoeng Gedeh (West-Java) typische vertegenwoordigers van de nominaatvorm.\nIn 1918 werd door Robinson (Journ. Fed. Mal. States Mus., vol. 7, p. 236) de ondersoort intermedia afgesplitst n.a.v. te Sodong Gerok (Idjen Geb., Oost-Java) verzameld materiaal, waarbij volgens Kuroda (Birds of the Island of Java, vol. I, p. 284/5) de volgende diagnose werd gegeven. \xe2\x80\x9eIntermediate between Stachyris (= Cyanoderma) m. melanothorax (Temm.) from Western Java and St. m. baliensis (Hartert) from Java (error for Bali). Differs from the former in having the middle of the breast sandy buff, uniform with the flanks, not white, and from the latter in having the chin and throat pure white, only very faintly tinged with buff. Outer webs of the primaries, decidedly richer brown than the back but not nearly so bright as the wing coverts".\nVergeleken met de later door Stresemann (l.c.) afgesplitste ondersoort albigula, zou intermedia hiervan afwijken door zand-isabella-kleurig in plaats van grijsachtig wit borst-centrum.\nDe diagnose van de ondersoort albigula, die in 1930 door Stresemann werd afgesplitst n.a.v. materiaal afkomstig van Goenoeng Papandajan (WestJava) luidt als volgt: \xe2\x80\x9eDrei Exemplare (1 \xe2\x99\x82, 2 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80) vom Papandajan wurden von mir in Berlin mit 1 Exemplar von G. Gedeh und von Mr. A. Goodson in Tring
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 5, pp. 309-311
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: During the stay of the Nica-detachment at Port Dickson, Malaya, in March 1946, a small collection of fishes was made, which was presented by Major Dr. L. D. Brongersma to the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden. Besides these fishes from Malaya, two specimens of flying fishes from the Indian Ocean were presented.\nThe collection from Port Dickson was pretty small, 45 specimens in total, belonging to 25 species. It gives therefore by no means an idea of the fishfauna of Malaya. The fishfauna of the Westcoast of Malaya is still imperfectly known, so even this small collection can contribute to the knowledge of this fauna.\nThe species are arranged according to the system followed by M. Weber & L. F. de Beaufort in their Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago.\nThe length of the specimens is the total length.\nPORT DICKSON, MALAYA, MARCH 1946 Stolephorus indicus (v. Hasselt) 2 specimens of 39 and 45 mm.\nPlotosus canius H.B. 1 specimen of 41 mm.\nMuraena (Gymnothorax) meleagris Shaw 1 specimen of 157 mm.\nSyngnathoides biaculeatus (Bl.) 4 specimens of 127-141 mm.\nHippocampus kuda Blkr. 1 specimen of 136 mm from tip of coronet to end of tail.\nZenarchopterus quadrimaculatus Mohr
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 13, pp. 287-290
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Material collected by Mr. J. van der Drift and by myself in the National Park "De Hooge Veluwe", situated near Hoenderloo in the province Gelderland, led to some notes on the nomenclature and to supplementary descriptions of some Hahnia species.\nThe main works dealing with European Hahniidae are Dahl (1937) and Simon (1937).\nThe descriptions and figures in Dahl (1937) are very good and it is rather easy to recognise the species by the sexual organs. Unfortunately the nomenclature is partly wrong. Now the nomenclature in Simon (1937) for the greater part is correct, but the descriptions are sometimes incomplete.\nIn the following I tried to clear up some points.\nHahnia ononidum Simon, 1875 Hahnia mengei, M. Dahl, 1937, p. 105, figs. 6, 10, 19-21.\nHahnia ononidum, Simon, 1937, pp. 1029, 1045, figs. 1603-1605.\nHooge Veluwe, 13.XII.1946. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82 \xe2\x99\x82 subadult.\nThis species did not yet occur on our faunal list. During my revision of the collection Van Hasselt I found one adult male between males of Hahnia nava (Blackwall). Our subadult males correspond close with the adult one. They show already the round spots near the petiolus.\nThe description in Simon (1937) makes the above-mentioned synonymy evident.\nHahnia cacuminata B\xc3\xb6senberg, 1902 Hahnia cacuminata, M. Dahl, 1937, p. 108, figs. 13, 24.\nHooge Veluwe (beechwood without herbaceous layer), 15. VIII. 1944. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x80 \xe2\x99\x80.\nSimon (1937, p. 1046) adds with a question-mark Hahnia cacuminata
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  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 6, pp. 261-266
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In 1923 splitsten Robinson en Kloss voor Oost-Java de ondersoort ablutum af naar aanleiding van twee huidjes verkregen nabij het langs het Idjen-gebergte gelegen Tamansari (Journ. Fed. Mal. States Mus., vol. II, 1923. P. 57), waarbij de volgende diagnose werd gepubliceerd. \xe2\x80\x9eMale. Like D. s. sanguinolentum Temm. of West Java; but with less red on the breast; throat and foreneck buffy, not suffused with red as in the typical race: in these respects intermediate between D. s. sanguinolentum and D. s. ignipectus (Hodgs.).\nFemale. Foreneck and breast grey washed with buff instead of buff washed with grey: rump and upper tail-coverts like the back (again as in D. s. ignipectus), not red as in D. s. sanguinolentum".\nIn 1929 gaven Bartels en Stresemann deze vorm echter in hun lijst van Java-vogels (Treubia, vol. 11, p. 142) met een vraagteeken op waarbij Stresemann de opmerking maakte: \xe2\x80\x9eDie Form bedarf der Best\xc3\xa4tigung".\nKuroda (Birds of the Island of Java, vol. I, p. 114) noemde deze vorm echter wel voor Java, terwijl Chasen in zijn \xe2\x80\x9eHandlist of Malaysian Birds" (1935, p. 268) hetzelfde deed. Rensch gaf in 1930 (Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 16, 1930, p. 539) de ondersoort ablutum eveneens voor Bali op naar aanleiding van een door hem verzameld vrouwelijk exemplaar, abusievelijk door hem als een juveniel \xe2\x99\x82 beschouwd.\nHieromtrent deelt Rensch het volgende mede: \xe2\x80\x9eOffenbar liegt mit diesem St\xc3\xbccke das meines Wissens noch nicht beschriebene m\xc3\xa4nnliche Jugendkleid diesen Rassenkreises vor (die Gonaden und Nieren waren leider zerschossen). Die Oberseite ist dunkel stahlgrau, schwach schillernd, der B\xc3\xbcrzel leuchtend rot (aber dunkler als beim \xe2\x99\x80). Die Unterseite ist \xc3\xa4hnlich
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  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 11, pp. 280-284
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: From his stay at Port Dickson on the Malay Peninsula at the beginning of 1946 Major Dr. L. D. Brongersma of the N I C A Detachment brought home several species of crabs. A list of this material which is now incorporated in the collections of the Museum of Natural History at Leiden is given below, while on some of the more interesting species some remarks are made.\nCoenobita cavipes Stimps. \xe2\x80\x94 26 specimens.\nClibanarius padavensis De Man. \xe2\x80\x94 1 specimen.\nClibanarius infraspinatus Hilg. \xe2\x80\x94 1 specimen.\nPetrolisthes speciosus (Dana). \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x80.\nCamposcia retusa Latr. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82, 1 \xe2\x99\x80.\nSchizophrys aspera (H. M. Edw.). \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x82.\nNeptunus pelagicus L. \xe2\x80\x94 12 specimens, including 4 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82, 2 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80.\nCharybdis (Charybdis) helleri (A. M. Edw.). \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x82.\nCharybdis (Charybdis) anisodon (De Haan). \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x82.\nThalamita crenata Latr. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82, 1 ovigerous \xe2\x99\x80.\nThalamita stimpsoni A. M. Edw. \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x82, 1 \xe2\x99\x80, both young specimens.\nChlorodopsis pilumnoides (White). \xe2\x80\x94 1 juv. and a young Xanthid probably belonging here.\nOzius guttatus H. M. Edw. \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x80.\nPilumnus vespertilio (Fabr.). \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82, 3 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80.\nPilumnus scabriusculus Ad. & White. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82.\nPinnotheres borradailei Nob. \xe2\x80\x94 1 \xe2\x99\x80.\nOcypoda ceratophthalma (Pall.) \xe2\x80\x94 Many specimens.\nUca annulipes Latr. \xe2\x80\x94 2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82.
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  • 13
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    Unknown
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 14, pp. 291-333
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: 1. Ramitrichophorus nov. subgen.\nMacrosiphoniella janckei B\xc3\xb6rner, 1939 (Arb. phys. angew. Entom., vol. VI, p. 83), found on Helichrysum arenarium, differs from all species of Macrosiphoniella which I have seen in the structure of its hairs, rostrum and cauda. The dorsal hairs and partly those on the legs and antennae are long and not thicker than in other Macrosiphoniella\'s but their apex is flattened and ramose, sometimes bifid. The ultimate rostral segment is Fig. 1. Ramitrichophorus janckei (B\xc3\xb6rner), apt. viv. fern.: a, siphunculus; b, cauda; c, last rostral segments. X 140. exceedingly long and narrow, about 1 2/3 times as long as second joint of hind tarsi and nearly 5/6 of the siphunculi. The hairs on this joint are very short and thin, while in typical Macrosiphoniella the longest hairs stand on basal half. The cauda is shortly triangular and acute. Scleroites are vaguely visible in the specimen which I received, and antesiphuncular sclerites are present. It seems desirable, with regard to the shape of the ultimate rostral segment, hairs and cauda, to erect a separate subgenus for this species, Ramitrichophorus nov. subgen., type Macrosiphoniella janckei B\xc3\xb6rner, 1939. 2. Macrosiphoniella chamomillae nov. spec.\nApterous viviparous female.\nMorphological characters. Body rather large, spindle-shaped, about 2.703.15 mm long. Hairs not on distinct scleroites, rather long; VIIIth abd. tergite with 6 hairs. Antesiphuncular sclerites absent or colourless. Head faintly dusky, with the sides between the bases of the antennae and the
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  • 14
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 6, pp. 312-322
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The study of the older literature on Crustacea, from Linnaeus (1758) to H. Milne Edwards (1837), has been much neglected by modern carcinologists. A result of this is that many wrong names at present are used, especially for European species. The European species namely were most extensively studied by the older authors, while moreover in the middle of the previous century handbooks on the carcinological fauna of several parts of Europe were published (for instance Bell\'s (1844-1853) "A History of the British stalk-eyed Crustacea", and Heller\'s (1863) " Die Crustaceen des s\xc3\xbcdlichen Europa"), which for many authors made a consultation of older works superfluous. It is astonishing to note how many names at present are used incorrectly for species of the group. The intention of the present paper is to deal with some of these nomenclatorial puzzles and to find the correct name for the species involved.\n\nPENAEIDAE\nPenaeus kerathurus (Forssk\xc3\xa5l) Cancer kerathurus Forssk\xc3\xa5l, 1775, Descr. Anim. It. orient., p. 95.\nPalaemon sulcatus Olivier, 1811, Encycl. m\xc3\xa9thod. Hist. nat., vol. 8, p. 661.\nPenaeus trisulcatus Leach, 1815, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., vol. 11, p. 347.\nAlpheus Caramote Risso, 1816, Hist. nat. Crust. Nice, p. 90.\nPenaeus sulcatus Lamarck, 1818, Hist. nat. Anim. s. Vert., vol. 5, p. 206.\nPeneus caramote Risso, 1826, Hist. nat. Europ. m\xc3\xa9rid., vol. 5, p. 67.\nPenaeus kerathurus Sharp, 1893, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 1893, p. 109.\nThe present species is best known under the name Penaeus caramote, though the name Penaeus trisulcatus also often is used for it. The species, however, was described for the first time neither in 1815 nor in 1816, but
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  • 15
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 200-228
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Von den Arten der beiden Subsektionen Odorata und Sparsiflora wissen wir schon aus der Monographie, dass sie sich nicht scharf voneinander abgrenzen lassen. Damals wagte ich das nur vage auszusprechen, aus Zweifel, nicht gen\xc3\xbcgend Material gesehen zu haben und aus R\xc3\xbccksicht auf die vielen von \xc3\xa4ltern Autoren beschriebenen Arten, die ich dort nicht weiter als auf einen Drittel zu reduzieren wagte.\nDie erneuten Untersuchungen haben das Ineinanderfliessen aller Arten dieser beiden Subsektionen so vollkommen best\xc3\xa4tigt, dass ich mehr denn je von der Richtigkeit des in der Monographie eingesehlagenen Weges und der dort angedenteten Anffassung \xc3\xbcberzeugt bin.
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  • 16
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 266-273
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: After a paper had been published i.a. on the species of Stevia of the collection mentioned in the heading\xc2\xb9) another Stevia from the same collection came into the author\xe2\x80\x99s hands. It proved to be new. The American genus Stevia has been treated in local revisions by B. L. Robinson (in Gray Herb. Harvard Univ. V, 90, 1930, 36\xe2\x80\x94159; 96, 1931, 28\xe2\x80\x9449; 100, 1932, 20\xe2\x80\x9469). Its floral characters are fairly uniform, but the pappus shows a great diversity. The 5 achenes in a head do not mature at the same time. The genus Stevia seems to have its greatest development in Bolivia, where it is represented by 44 species. The next representation is in Peru with 24 and in Argentina with 23 species.\nSection Eustevia, Robinson.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In De Tropische Natuur (jrg. 24, Juni 1935, p. 90/91) maakten wij, bij een goede foto der levende volgels, melding van een groote aalscholver door ons in 1935 waargenomen in de Brantas-delta, die later bleek Phalacrocorax sulcirostris territori te zijn en door ons onder dien naam werd gepubliceerd in Bull. Raffles Museum, no. 12, May 1936, p. 120. \xe2\x80\x9eIt is most curious\' schreven wij \xe2\x80\x9ethat there was no satisfactory formal record of this bird from Java when it breeds in hundreds in the eastern part of the island.", hetgeen echter niet geheel juist was, want Vorderman noemde deze aalscholver voor Java (Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind., vol. 60, 1900, p. 99) naar aanleiding van Ogilvie Grant\'s opgave in Cat. Brit. Museum (vol. 26, p. 376) waar sprake is van een door Finsch als van Java afkomstig beschouwde vogel.\nAanleiding tot deze door ons gemaakte opmerking werd gevormd door het feit, dat het door Bartels en Stresemann in 1929 gepubliceerde systematische overzicht der Java-vogels (Treubia, vol. 11, Aug. 1929) de soort niet noemde, terwijl ook Peters in zijn in 1931 verschenen eerste deel der \xe2\x80\x9eChecklist of the birds of the world" Java niet indeelde bij het verspreidingsgebied dezer soort. Kuroda deelde waarschijnlijk de meening van Bartels, Stresemann en Peters, want ook de Japanner noemde de aalscholver aanvankelijk niet in zijn \xe2\x80\x9eBirds of the island of Java" (vol. II, 1936), maar gaf deze wel op in zijn in het slot van dit deel opgenomen \xe2\x80\x9eCorrigenda and addenda" (p. 769), vermoedelijk n.a.v. onze \xe2\x80\x9eontdekking". Ook Chasen noemde de soort weer voor Java in zijn Handlist of Malaysian birds (1935) na onderzoek van hem door ons toegezonden materiaal.\nOp p. 145 van de hierboven genoemde door Bartels en Stresemann ge-
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  • 18
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 8, pp. 271-271
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Bartels & Stresemann noemen op p. 128 van hun \xe2\x80\x9eSystematische \xc3\x9cbersicht der bisher von Java nachgewiesenen V\xc3\xb6gel" (Treubia, vol. XI, 1929) Malacocincla abbotti baweana, waarbij de volgende aanteekening wordt gemaakt: \xe2\x80\x9eZwei Exemplare in U. S. Nat. Museum, gesammelt von Dr. W.\nL. Abbott. Uns nicht bekannt. \xe2\x80\x94" Aangezien Siebers in zijn aan dit overzicht toegevoegde \xe2\x80\x9eErg\xc3\xa4nzungen und Berichtigungen" geen melding maakt van tot deze soort behoorende vogels in de Museum-collectie te Buitenzorg, meenden wij, dat het van voldoende beteekenis was hier mededeeling te doen van enkele daar aanwezige balgen van deze timalia. Het gaat hier om twee \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 en twee \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80, die op 13 Mei 1928, dus reeds voordat de hierboven genoemde lijst het licht zag, door Dammerman, destijds Hoofd van het Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum, werden verzameld in het Zuiden van Bawean.\nDeze exemplaren gelijken in vederkleed zeer veel op Malacocincla sepiaria, maar hebben iets minder bruin in het vederkleed van bovendeelen en vleugels, terwijl de olijfgrijsachtige bovenkop dezelfde tint heeft als de mantel, dus niet verschillend daarvan zooals bij sepiaria het geval pleegt te zijn. Bovendien geven de vrij goed zichtbare, lichte schachten der veertjes op de voorkop deze een zwak gestreept voorkomen, hetgeen bij sepiaria niet het geval is. Bovenstaartdekveeren en staartpennen hebben ongeveer dezelfde kleur als die van sepiaria.\nHet belangrijkste verschil tusschen beide soorten wordt echter gevormd door de grootere afmetingen van vleugel, staart en snavel, waardoor het \xe2\x99\x82 van abbotti op het eerste gezicht van sepiaria is te onderscheiden; de iets kleinere \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 zijn echter ongeveer even groot als \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 van sepiaria, zoodat
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In 1946, after the war, I had the opportunity again to visit my friend Mr. C. Willemse, and to study the Phyllophorinae in his collection. At the same time I could examine two specimens from the Rotterdam Museum, belonging to the subfamily, which had been sent to him for identification.\nEspecially these last mentioned two specimens are very interesting, the one being the still unknown \xe2\x99\x82 of Sasima areolata Bol., the second a somewhat aberrant \xe2\x99\x80 specimen of Phyllophora keyica Brunner v. Watt.\nFor the literature I may refer to Orthopterological Notes II (De Jong, 1946). The sequence of the species is according to Karny (1924) Sasima spinosa Brunner von Wattenwyl Mr. C. Willemse\'s Collection: New Guinea: 1 ? (abdomen damaged).\nSasima lactuca Bol\xc3\xadvar Mr. C. Willemse\'s Collection: New Guinea: 1 \xe2\x99\x82, Sattelberg, leg. H. Rolie.\nSasima areolata Bol\xc3\xadvar Mr. J. H. Jurriaanse\'s Collection, in Rotterdam Museum: New Guinea: 1 \xe2\x99\x82, Roon Island, N. of New Guinea (plesioallotype).\nIn the general characters the specimen belongs to Sasima. In Karny\'s key it runs to S. areolata Bol. of which the \xe2\x99\x80 was known in only one adult specimen (Bol\xc3\xadvar, 1903) and one immature specimen (Griffini, 1908).\nAccording to the shape and armament of the pronotum, the shape of the elytra, and the transverse wrinkles on the dorsal surface of the femora, the present \xe2\x99\x82 should undoubtedly be reckoned to areolata. However, there are some differences with the \xe2\x99\x80. In the \xe2\x99\x80 the armament of the pronotum
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  • 20
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 282-289
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Some time ago I proposed elsewhere (1) a new system of the Cormophyta. Since the periodical, whose hospitality was my privilege, may not reach many taxonomists who still may be expected to be interested in the proposal, I deem it justified to briefly review the results at which I arrived in the present journal; and this will give me an opportunity to explain one or two points of a nomenclatural nature which, it seems to me, were perhaps somewhat insufficiently elucidated in the paper quoted. As a matter of course, for details as well as for the full argumentation of my views I have to refer to that publication.
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  • 21
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 1, pp. 1-204
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The collections of the South American Nematognathi in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden, referred to in this publication as "Museum Leiden", and of those in the Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum at Amsterdam, referred to as "Museum Amsterdam", consist of valuable material, which for a very important part has not been studied yet.\nI feel very much obliged to Prof. Dr. H. Boschma who allowed me to start with the study of the Leiden collections and whom I offer here my sincere thanks. At the same time I want to express my gratitude towards Prof. Dr. L. F. de Beaufort, who has been so kind to place the collection of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam at my disposal. Furthermore I am greatly indebted to Dr. F. P. Koumans at Leiden for his assistance and advice to solve the various problems which I met during my study.\nThe material dealt with here comes from a large number of collections of different collectors, from various areas of South America, it consists of 125 species, belonging to 14 families of the order Nematognathi. Contrary to the original expectations no adequate number of specimens from Surinam could be obtained to get a sufficient opinion about the occurrence of the various species, and, if possible, also about their distribution in this tropical American part of the Netherlands. On the whole the collections from Surinam were limited to the generally known species only. Pygidium gracilior Eigenm., hitherto not known from Surinam, forms an exception in this respect. Out of the 125 species described in the present paper only 41 originate from Surinam. At the beginning of Bleeker\'s (1864) investigations of the Nematognathi in the collections of the Museum Leiden and the Museum Amsterdam, there were 23 species from Surinam. During
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  • 22
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 12, pp. 285-286
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In preparing a Handlist of the birds of the Moluccan islands, I found among the material in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, a race of Dicrurus that needs description: Dicrurus bracteatus morotaiensis nov. subspec.\nDiagnosis: Distinguished from atrocaeruleus Gray (1860) \xe2\x80\x94 Batjan and Halmahera \xe2\x80\x94 by smaller culmen and wing. Habitat: Island Morotai (N. Moluccas).\nMeasurements in mm: \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 culmen: 29; 29; 28.5; 28.5; 30 wing: 150; 148; 147; 152; 149 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 culmen: 27; 29; 30 wing: 149; 147; 145.\nFor comparison the following measurements are given: Halmahera: \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 culmen: 32; 32; 32; 31; 33; 33; 32; 32 wing: 162; 161; 175; 169; 166; 169; 168; 168 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 culmen: 32; 34; 33; 31; 31 wing: 160; 165; 168; 162; 162 sex inc. culmen: 32; 32; 31; 33 wing: 159; 167; 163; 172 Batjan: \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 culmen: 31; wing: 170; \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 culmen: 31; 30; 32; 31; 30; 30 wing: 158; 163; 169; 162; 158; 161 sex inc. culmen: 31; 32; 32; 31; 31; 33 wing: 164; 169; 165; 165; 163; 172
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  • 23
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 10, pp. 275-279
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: It is a well-known fact that Bidder\'s organ is an undeveloped ovary.\nIt is found in all adult male and in many adult female as well as in all juvenile male and female specimens of Bufo-species, and it is situated between the fatbody and the gonad.\nThe fact that Bidder\'s organ is a potential ovary is not only derived from its morphology, but has also been proved experimentally by Harms (1923) and Ponse (1924), for after castration of male toads and after ovariectomy of female common toads (Bufo vulgaris Laur. (= B. bufo (L.)) Bidder\'s organ may develop into a normally functioning ovary.\nIn 1931 Stohler compiled our knowledge concerning the distribution of Bidder\'s organ in the Bufonidae; in addition the occurrence of the organ was described in several other species in which hitherto it had not been recorded. We refer the reader interested in these species to Stohler\'s publication. After 1931 some useful papers appeared on the presence of Bidder\'s organ in certain Bufonids: Witschi (1933), Koch (1934), De Vos (1935) and Davis (1936). In these publications much older information was confirmed and some new facts were added (table I).\nIn connection with investigations on the physiology and histophysiology of Bidder\'s organ in Bufo bufo (L.), carried out in our laboratory under the guidance of Prof. G. J. van Oordt, I have traced the presence of Bidder\'s organ in several species of Bufonids from the Amsterdam Zoological Museum and from the Leiden Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, which had not yet been investigated by preceding authors in this respect 1).\nTABLE I,
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  • 24
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 27 no. 3, pp. 253-299
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The tapir is an extremely rare element in the fossil Mammalian fauna of Java. In the enormous collection of fossil teeth and bones brought together in this island by Eug. Dubois in the years 1890 to 1900, the tapir is represented only by six teeth, originating from three localities in the Kendeng Mts., viz., Kedoeng Broeboes, Kedoeng Loemboe, and Kebon Doeren.\nPrevious to his researches in Java, Dubois collected teeth in a number of caves in the Padang Highlands. In this Sumatran collection Tapirus is not uncommon. We possess one hundred and twenty complete, and a still larger number of broken teeth. Half of this collection originates from three caves, viz., the Lida Ajer cave near Pajakombo, the Sibrambang cave, and the Djamboe cave near Tapisello. The exact localities of the other teeth unfortunately are not recorded; besides those given above in the reports of Dubois\'s paleontological researches in W. Sumatra (Anonymus, 18891890) mention is made of the following caves: Sampit cave near Pajakombo; Caves in the Ngalau Seriboe Mts., between Boea and Sidjoendjoeng; Pandjang cave (no. 1) = Kepala Sawah Liat cave, near Sibalin; Mansioe cave, in the Andjing Mt., near the Sinamar river; Batang Pagian cave, near Boea; Moeka Moeka cave, near Moeara; Bandar cave = Batang Siparok cave, in the Andjing Mt.; Boelan cave, near Sibalin; Lebawah cave, near Lisawah; Pandjang cave (no. 2) near Sisawak; Caves on the western shore of lake Singkarah, near Paningahan.
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  • 25
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 1, pp. 1-242
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: INTRODUCTION\nThe collections made by Burger and Von Siebold during the second quarter of the previous century, in the neighbourhood of Nagasaki, were so extensive that they gave Temminck & Schlegel the opportunity to build the foundation for the knowledge of the Japanese ichthyofauna.\nIn her publication "\'s Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie, 1820-1915", Dr. A. Gijzen states: "Burger sent among others fishes"; "25 December 1832 Temminck gives him a list of the desired species of animals." As she further states, Burger\'s position in Japan is not quite clear; in a letter from 9 November 1839, Temminck writes to the Minister that he knows Burger as a collector only, but that he knows no further particulars about him.\nBurger\'s name has been mentioned in several publications, generally as B\xc3\xbcrger, but according to an original signature in our archives, this spelling must be regarded as erroneous.\nBurger not only collected an excellent collection of Japanese fishes, more than 650, generally dry preserved and stuffed, specimens, but he had also a number of beautifully coloured drawings of Japanese fishes made by (a) Japanese artist(s), while he also made a manuscript on this subject containing the descriptions of 200 species. Almost all this material still is in the possession of the Museum of Natural History at Leiden.\nAbout Von Siebold we know more particulars : according to Dr. A. Gijzen (l.c.), "Von Siebold has been sent to Japan by Van der Capellen, then Gouverneur-Generaal of the Dutch East-Indies, for explorations. He wanted to give a description of his voyage and invoked Temminck\'s assistance for
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  • 26
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 28 no. 9, pp. 272-274
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In 1913 (Nov. Zool., vol. XX, p. 366) beschreef Stresemann naar aanleiding van op Bali verzameld materiaal (2 \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x82 en 2 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80) een nieuwe ondersoort van Zosterops javanica, door hem elongata genoemd, op grond van een langere snavel. Stresemann publiceerde de volgende diagnose: \xe2\x80\x9eIn der F\xc3\xa4rbung stimmen die Baliv\xc3\xb6gel vollkommen mit O. j. frontalis (Rchb.) \xc3\xbcberein; sie unterscheiden sich jedoch durch auffallend l\xc3\xa4ngere Schn\xc3\xa4bel." Zosterops javanica frontalis werd reeds in 1852 afgesplitst door Reichenbach (Handb. der Orn., Meropinae, p. 94, pl. 463), terwijl de nominaatvorm in 1821 (Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. XIII, p. 156) door Horsfield werd beschreven.\nAls verspreidingsgebied van deze laatste wordt genoemd (Chasen\'s Handlist of Mal. Birds) Midden-Java, terwijl voor de ondersoort frontalis WestJava en voor elongata het Oosten van Java en Bali wordt opgegeven.\nTeneinde na te gaan in hoeverre het door Stresemann gevonden verschil in snavellengte tusschen elongata en frontalis inderdaad als subspecifiek kenmerk kan worden aanvaard en of wellicht andere verschillen hieraan kunnen worden toegevoegd, hebben wij \xc2\xb1 15 balgjes van elk der bovengenoemde drie vormen uit de collectie van het Buitenzorg-Museum met elkaar vergeleken, waarvan het resultaat hieronder wordt medegedeeld.\nVan een \xe2\x80\x9eauffallend l\xc3\xa4ngere Schnabel" van elongata ten opzichte van frontalis kan n.o.m. beslist niet worden gesproken, hetgeen het duidelijkst wordt gedemonstreerd door het feit, dat bij een keuze van tien huidjes met de grootste snavel, uit dertig exemplaren, behoorend tot beide vormen, slechts zes stuks van de veertien elongata huidjes werden uitgeschoten ...
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  • 27
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 274-281
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: When studying the marine species of the genus Cladophora in the Netherlands, I had the disposal of the material of the National Herbarium at Leiden, the herbaria of the Universities of Amsterdam, Groningen and Utrecht and those of the \xe2\x80\x9cZo\xc3\xb6logisch Station\xe2\x80\x9d at Den Helder and the \xe2\x80\x9cKoninklijke Nederlandse Botanische Vereniging\xe2\x80\x9d at Leiden. It is a pleasure to me to express my best thanks to the directors of the Institutes mentioned above, for putting the material at my disposal, and to Miss Dr J. Th. Koster, who gave me much valuable help.\nEspecially the material of the National Herbarium at Leiden was very interesting to me, since it contains the herbaria of K\xc3\xbctzing, Hauck, and very many reliable exsiccata, so it was possible to compare some Dutch species with the original specimens.
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  • 28
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 302-309
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: See for the confusion reigning about tho species of this genus Journal of the Arnold Arboretum VIII (1927), 234 seq. The only species cultivated in Java (not so much for its fruit as for its medicinal properties) is M. australis Poir. Formerly it went by the name of M. alba L. from which it differs i.a. by its shining dark-red or almost black fruits.
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  • 29
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 290-301
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: It is a generally accepted concept nowadays that dichotomy is the most primitive type of ramification in land plants. Recently Lam (1948) briefly reviewed the literature of this subject in the light of the telome theory. He recalled that the dichotomies of fern leaves are to be regarded as homologous to the dichotomies of stems in more primitive plants and enumerated a number of more or less haphazardly collected cases in higher plants, of which the most probable interpretation is that they are traces of such ancient dichotomies, betraying their original relation to a branch system.\nIn his paper, Lam discriminated between such traces in vegetative and in reproductive parts and he arrived at the provisional conclusion that traces of ancient dichotomies in the vegetative parts should particularly occur in what he termed the \xe2\x80\x98phyllosporous\xe2\x80\x99 plants, and that those of the reproductive parts are particularly found in the \xe2\x80\x98stachysporous\xe2\x80\x99 groups.
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  • 30
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 37-37
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Bignoniaceae. Dr van Steenis is wording on a revision of the Malaysian Bignoniaceae for Flor. Mal..\nBurmanniaceae. Dr F.P. Jonker, Herbarium, & Museum voor Systematische Botanie, Lange Nieuwstraat 106, Utrecht, Holland, is preparing a new revision of the Burmanniaceae for Fl. Mal.
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  • 31
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 38-40
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr, R.C.: Een bijdrage tot de kennis van de Melastomataceae van den Maleischen Archipel in het bijzonder van die van Nederlandsch-Indi\xc3\xab. Thesis. Gouda 1943, VIII 31 pp. (in Dutch).\nExtract from the general and critical parts of the extensive study; no latin descriptions.
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  • 32
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 44-45
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The MS Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago, by Father G. Peekel has, fortunately, escaped being destroyed during World War II. It is a large work in which over 1000 species are described each one accompanied by an accurate line drawing. Father Peekel shared emprisonment with the Japanese at Rabaul during the war. He is now back on his post and has taken the MS flora with him. A microfilm of it was made and entrusted to the Missions Board at Sydney.\nA mimeographed tentative program for the preparation of a Flora of China prepared by doctors E.H. Walker and H.H. Bartlett was received August 1947. (10 typed pp.) Its desirability needs no stress here. To a certain extent Malaysia and China represent the only two wide spaces of the globe of which no serviceable flora exists. \xe2\x80\x9dA Flora of China would be an asset of primary importance in China\xe2\x80\x99s scientific growth. The authors state that there are enough trained Chinese botanists to prepare such a flora with the possible collaboration of certain non-Chinese botanists, but under present working conditions the Chinese have no access in China to the necessary collections and literature. If their efforts could be coordinated, and if they were enabled to visit the United States to work at the places most appropriate for their specialties, a manuscript could be prepared. Through inter-institutional loans the American-held Chinese material ought to be assembled by families, and preparation of large parts of the flora could proceed simultaneous. The whole project could be brought to a sufficiently definite conclusion within five to ten years for a first edition. An immediate start ought to be made with materials now in hand.\xe2\x80\x9d
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  • 33
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 34-34
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Jamaica Plain, Mass. The Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. U.S. National Herbarium, Smithonian Institution, Washington, DC. New York Botanical Gardens, Bronx Park, Fordham Br.P.O., N.Y. Bot. Gardens, Ann. Arbor, Mich. University of California, Department of Botany, Berkeley, Cal. Field museum of natural History, Department of Botany, Chicago, Ill.\nGreat Britain. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew-Surrey (except types) British Museum, Natural History, Bot. Department, Cromwell Road, London SW & Botany School, Cambridge.
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  • 34
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 41-42
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Flora Malesiana Bulletin No. 1 was issued in 150 copies, 112 of which were distributed to cooperating institutes, libraries, botanists and besides, to interested persons. A cardboard holder will be forwarded to libraries through the care of Dr Fr. Verdoorn, Waltham, Mass., U.S.A.\nIn this number two new headings are found viz the first of a series of contributions regarding the dates of publication of certain botanical works of major interest to Malaysian botany, and a first contribution towards an annotated list of little-known publications which appeared during World War II.
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  • 35
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 42-43
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Mr R.E. Holttum, Director of the Botanic Gardens, Singapore, who was on leave in England from July to mid-November, reported that Mr C.X. Furtado has returned to Singapore and is working on the genus Calamus as part of his revision of the Palmae of the Malay Peninsula. Mr Holttum \xe2\x80\x99aims at getting a revised Flora of the Malay Peninsula written, of which he himself will be responsible for most of the Monocotyledones except Aroids and Palms. Mr M.R. Henderson is working on some families of Dicotyledones. This Flora must be fuller than Ridley\xe2\x80\x99s, and with sufficient introductory matter and illustrations to make it intelligible to the ordinary resident who is prepared to take soms interest in local plants\xe2\x80\x99. Mr Holttum will retire in 1950; he will then devote his time to revise Flora Malesiana, series II, Pteridophyta. Mr Holttum spent a fortnight in Holland, in October, and discussed the contributions to Flora Malesiana which can be prepared at Singapore on the basis of mutual cooperation.\nDr A.J.G.H. Kostermans has been appointed Forest Botanist in the Forest Experiment Station, Buitenzorg, Java. He has resumed his studies on the Malaysian Lauraceae.
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  • 36
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 31-33
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Flora of Java. Dr C.A. Backer has been working towards the composition of a Dutch-written Flora of Java since about 1903, at first in Java, and onwards of 1931 in Holland. When the war started it was thought safer to mimeograph the MS. as far as it was finished, in order to save the writers\xe2\x80\x99 labours against the chance of complete destruction by bombing or other causes. Prof. Dr H.J. Lam managed to get a number of subscribers and funds for a mimeograph edition. This constitures the \xe2\x80\x9dNooduitgave\xe2\x80\x9d (emergency edition) in which up till now 120 families have appeared in 7 folio volumes. The edition was limited to ca 25 copies. It is the intention to edit 2 volumes more, and then stop it. Circumstances necessitate the printed edition to be written in English to which the author has now consented, and which he will manage himself, Prof. Lam also succeeded in getting a number of temporary cooperators who have assisted Dr Backer in revising some families, viz. Dr A.D.J. Meeuse, A.G.L. Adelbert, and R.C. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr, whilst the specialists Dr J. Wasscher, Dr S.J. van Ooststroom and Miss Dr G.J.H. Amshoff and the late Prof. Dr B.H. Danser made contributions. She revisions are now nearing completion. Only very few families, mostly sympetalous, are not yet finished. The flora will include the Pteridophytes (more than 500 in Java) and through the consent of Mrs Smith also the Orchidaceae (ca 700!); the latter will be revised on the basis of the MS. revision left by the late Dr J.J. Smith.\nIn the emergency edition practically all synonyms have been omitted for brevity\xe2\x80\x99s sake. It is to be hoped that they will be re-inserted in the scientific edition now aimed at. Endless labours have been spent in identifying the species described under various names, and to a certain extent these synonyms have shaped the specific delimitations and argumentate the present conceptions. They can be omitted in a concise popular flora, but not in the work now prepared. It has taken a long way to reach the present state to account for the flora of Java, but we are sure that the work will certainly be the most valuable contribution towards the flora of Java ever made, as its author possesses an unsurpassed field knowledge combined with a very critical taxonomical point of view.
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  • 37
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 1-1
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Bulletin Flora Malesiana will be a medium of communication between all co-editors and cooperators of Flora Halesiana, who are invited to sent notes, queries and contributions in concise form. It is for private circulation only.\nAll matters dealing with difficulties regarding material, inadequacy of information, literature, and suggestions are welcomed to be discussed.
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  • 38
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 1-199
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: It was shown that the oldest Dutch lichen herbarium known was that of H. Boerhaave dating as far back as the end of the 17th or the beginning of the 18th century. After that there was a long spell of inactivity, until from about 1835 onward the florists again started making herbaria. From the end of the nineteenth century the interest flagged again, and collecting was done by very few people.\nThe first publications which are known to deal with Dutch lichens mentioning the locality do not date back farther than the 17th century, the work by C. Pilleterius (1610) being the oldest one. Those earliest publications comprised but a very small number of lichens, presumably because of few of them the officinal application (the main impetus of getting acquainted with plants) was known yet. In the seventeenth century, the lichens were designated by phrase-names which, with some certainty, may be identified with the Linnean names, but nevertheless remain somewhat obscure. Gradually, in the 18th century, the interest in lichens shifted from the medicinal to the botanical side. The number of lichens known steadily increased, and the binomial nomenclature was more generally applied. The habit of uncritically copying certain successful foreign floras was abandoned, and it grew customary among the florists to publish cheek-lists of own finds, though specific, descriptions were often borrowed from foreign authors. In some cases, however, it still appears uncertain which species were meant, as no material was left. The lichenology in Holland showed its greatest development in the 19th century. Phis was undoubtedly mainly due to the activity of the newly founded Botanical Society (1845), and particularly by the efforts of its undefatigable president R. B .van den Bosch. Except for the experimental investigation by M. Treub (1873), however, the interest in lichens never surpassed the stage of writing enumerations of the local flora. None of the florists felt called upon to study any special group of lichens. In fact, there were no lichenologists proper, and lichenology in Holland was sterile. Whereas in all other countries of Europe the description of new lichen genera and species was in full progress, and other branches connected with lichenology such as anatomy, morphology, ecology, Physiology, and chemistry were being studied, there was an almost complete standstill in the Netherlands which hardly could be made up for by a single outstanding systematical (E. T. Nannenga, 1939) or physiological Paper (A. Quispel, 1943). Of late, however, a revived interest and a determined desire on the part of some sociologists getting more familiar with lichens is apt to brighten up this somewhat gloomy picture.
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  • 39
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 52-54
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Blake, S.T.: The Cyperaceae collected in New Guinea by L.J. Brass II (Journ. Arn. Arbor. 28 (1947) 207-229, 1 fig. 2 pl.). Deals with the genera Hypolytrum, Thoracostachyum, Paramapania, Mapania, Lepironia, Cyperus, Eleocharis, Bulbostylis, Fuirena, Lipocarpha. Two new species of Cyperus, 1 of Mapania and 1 of Paramapania are described.\nBremekamp, C.E.B.: A monograph of the genus Acranthera Arn. ex Meisn. (Rub.) (Journ. Arnold Arb. 28 (1947) 261-308). The genus is known from Ceylon and SE Asia to W Malaysia. It is subdivided into 9 subgenera; 35 spp. are recognized of which 14 are new to science. Psilobium Jack and Gonyanera Korth. are reduced.
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  • 40
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 35-36
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The following families are already revised and will be included in Flora Malesiana vol. 4, part 1 which is made ready for the press: Aceraceae, Actinidiaceae s.str., Alangiaceae, Ancistrocladaceae Aponogetonaceae, Burmanniaceae, Geratophyllaceae, Cochlospermaceae, Hydrocaryaceae, Juncaginaceae, Moringaceae, Myoporaceae, Nyssaceae, Philydraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Podostemonaceae Sarcospermaceae, Sphenocleaceae, Stackhkousiaceae, Styracaceae, Trigoniaceae, Zygophyllaceae.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 41
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 243-263
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The privilege of being able to examine numerous sheets of Lonicera in the U.S. Nat. Herbarium Washington, Jan. 1947, some in the Kew Herbarium, Nov. 1946, and some in the Leyden Herbarium, Oct. 1946, enabled me to make some further observations which clarify the status and distribution of the Malaysian species, which I preliminarily treated in the Journ. Arnold Arbor. 27 (1946) 442\xe2\x80\x94452, a little further. 1. Lonicera repens Zipp. ex Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 128. 1856; cf. J. Arn. Arb. 27 (1946) 451, was referred by Miquel to L. chinensis, and belongs, according to Ind. Kew and Dr Rehder\xe2\x80\x99s paper to L. japonica Thunb. In the Leyden Herbarium there are 3 authentic sheets; of one the label reads \xe2\x80\x9cNew Guinea\xe2\x80\x9d, of an. other \xe2\x80\x9c? Java\xe2\x80\x9d and of the third \xe2\x80\x9c? Java. ? New Guinea\xe2\x80\x9d. All belong doubtless to L. japonica Thunb. and in my opinion this is a clear case of mislabelled specimens which came from Java, probably from specimens cultivated in the Botanic Gardens at Buitenzorg.
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  • 42
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 2-29
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: After some preliminary plans in 1932, and in 1936, a more definite scheme for a modern Flora of Malaysia was composed in 1939, forming part of the reorganization of the Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg, Java. This was approved of by the Netherlands Indian Government, and the National Council at Batavia.\nNecessary preparations for this ambitious scheme had started as early as 1930, consisting of the preparation of card indices, and directing the aim of expeditions in the years 1930 \xe2\x80\x93 1940 to neglected regions in order to fill up gaps in our botanical knowledge and collections.
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  • 43
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 49-51
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Under this heading will be found information on the dates of publication of Malaysian botanical works or others of importance to Malaysian phytotaxonomy.\nSeveral of these are in the \xe2\x80\x9dJournal of the Society for Bibliography of Natural History\xe2\x80\x9d an expensive serial of which 6 parts have appeared between 1936 and 1938.
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  • 44
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 51-52
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Mr O.H. Selling, Vice-curator of Collections, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Palaeobotaniska Avdelningen, is working on a revision of the genus Schizaea.\nDr G. K\xc3\xbckenthal works towards the end of his monograph of the Cyperaceae-Rhynchosporoideae.
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  • 45
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 47-49
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Prom Dr Y. TSIANG, now residing at the Bot. Institute, Sun Yatsen Univ., 30 Fat-Ching Road, Canton, China, we received a set of three volumes published during World War II, all prepared by G. Masumune. They are the following: Enumeratio Phanerogamarum Bornearum. 739 pp. (1942) 1) An attempt to give a revised edition of MERRILL\xe2\x80\x99s Enumeration of 1921. The Introduction and notes under the species are in Japanese characters. The number of genera recorded is 1310, the number of species 7201. Pamilies are arranged in a systematic sequence; an index to family and genus names concludes the volume.\nIn some cases, new combinations are made, e.g. by reduction of Rigiolepis to Vaccinium (Eric.), further in Hanguana, Porterandia, & c. The work has been done rather uncritical: e.g. Styrax agrestis and St. serrulatus are both entered, though ithas been shown that the Bornean record of the latter is wrong and must be replaced by the former species. Peliosanthes albida is both mentioned under Liliacease and Haemodoraceae; Aletris foliolosa is mentioned in Aletris, but A. rigida is entered in Meta-aletris though the two are difficult to distinguish. Nomenclature is not up to date (see Chloranthus, Trema, & c.). A large number of important publications on the Flora of Borneo pubished posterior to 1921 are neglected. The author has apparently far underrated the difficulties in composing a cyclopedia. The latin-written text is full of errors.
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  • 46
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin vol. 1 no. 1, pp. 30-31
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: At a dinner given by Mrs and Br Verdoorn for the co-editors of Chronica Botanica during the AAAS-meetings at Boston, Mass., Dec. 29thm 1946, Dr. E. D. Merrill was awarded the honorary membership of the Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg, Java, for 1946, on the occasion of the 129th anniversary of these Gardens. On behalf of the director, Prof. Dr L.G.M. Baas Becking, Br van Steenis, in a speech, gave a sketch of the prominent contributions towards the Malaysian flora, which Dr Merrill accomplished in the course of the past 45 years. He is now the greatest living authoritynon the SE Asiatic flora. At present he is finishing a revised bibliography on the Pacific Floras, in cooperation with Br Walker, and the past few years he spent in unearthing the papers of Rafinesque and in identifying the scores of new genera described and typified by that erratic biologist. The huge work is now finished; Dr Merrill \xe2\x80\x9dfelt nearly licked by Rafinesque\xe2\x80\x9d as he told us. Dr Merrill who is still in the prime of his life, and who will in the future not be burdened by extensive administrative duties, will, we hope, largely devote his energy to the study of the SE Asiatic flora in general, and to that of Malaysia, which is his speciality, in particular. Prof. Lam wrote a tribute to Dr Merrill (Natuurwet. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. 102 (1946)153); the journal, its name now being changed into \xe2\x80\x9dChronica Naturae\xe2\x80\x9d is edited by the Roy. Science Society of the Netherlands Indies of which Dr Merrill is a corresponding member, number 4 of vol. 27 (1946) of the Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, and Chronica Botanica vol. 10, nos. 3/4 (1946) were dedicated to Dr Merrill on the occasion of his 70th birthday.\nIhe first Mary Soper Pope medal of the Cranbrook Institute of science, Michigan, had been awarded, Dec. 12, 1946 to Dr Fr. Verdoorn, editor of Chronica Botanica, Waltham, Mass., our greatest living authority on Malaysian hepatics.
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  • 47
    Journal available for loan
    Journal available for loan
    Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck ; 1.1884 - 48.1931; N.F. 1.1932/33 - 10.1943/44(1945),3; 11.1948/49(1949) -
    Call number: ZS 22.95039
    Type of Medium: Journal available for loan
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1614-0974 , 0015-2218 , 0015-2218
    Language: German , English
    Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Keywords: Mechanical Engineering
    Type: AD-B204941 , NACA-TM-1165 , NASA-TM-111363 , NAS 1.15:111363
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  • 49
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A theoretical analysis of the radial temperature distribution through the rotor and constant cross sectional area blades near the coolant passages of liquid cooled gas turbines was made. The analysis was applied to obtain the rotor and blade temperatures of a specific turbine using a gas flow of 55 pounds per second, a coolant flow of 6.42 pounds per second, and an average coolant temperature of 200 degrees F. The effect of using kerosene, water, and ethylene glycol was determined. The effect of varying blade length and coolant passage lengths with water as the coolant was also determined. The effective gas temperature was varied from 2000 degrees to 5000 degrees F in each investigation.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11c
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  • 50
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A theoretical analysis of the cross-sectional temperature distribution of a water-cooled turbine blade was made using the relaxation method to solve the differential equation derived from the analysis. The analysis was applied to specific turbine blade and the studies icluded investigations of the accuracy of simple methods to determine the temperature distribution along the mean line of the rear part of the blade, of the possible effect of varying the perimetric distribution of the hot gas-to -metal heat transfer coefficient, and of the effect of changing the thermal conductivity of the blade metal for a constant cross sectional area blade with two quarter inch diameter coolant passages.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11F
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The performance at inlet pressure of 21 inches mercury absolute and inlet temperature of 538 R for the 10-stage axial-flow X24C-2 compressor from the X24C-2 turbojet engine was investigated. the peak adiabatic temperature-rise efficiency for a given speed generally occurred at values of pressure coefficient fairly close to 0.35.For this compressor, the efficiency data at various speeds could be correlated on two converging curves by the use of a polytropic loss factor derived.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7G11
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The mutual influences of compression shocks and friction boundary layers were investigated by means of high speed wind tunnels.Schlieren optics provided a clear picture of the flow phenomena and were used for determining the location of the compression shocks, measurement of shock angles, and also for Mach angles. Pressure measurement and humidity measurements were also taken into consideration.Results along with a mathematical model are described.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1113 , Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer Aerodynamik an der Eidgenoessischen Technischen Hochschule; 10
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Efficiency investigations were made on the two-stage turbine from a Mark 25 aerial torpedo to determine the performance of the unit with five different turbine nozzles. The output of the turbine blades was computed by analyzing the windage and mechanical-friction losses of the unit. A method was developed for measuring the change in turbine clearances with changed operating conditions. The turbine was found to be most efficient with a cast nozzle having a sharp-edged inlet to the nine nozzle ports.
    Keywords: Mechanical Engineering
    Type: NACA-RM-E7I03
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Low Mach number longitudinal-stability and control characteristics as predicted by use of wind tunnel data from a powered 3/16-scale model are compared with flight test measurements of a Navy BTD-1 airplane. The accuracy of the wind tunnel data and the discrepancies involved in attempting to correlate with flight data are discussed and analyzed. The comparison showed that wind tunnel predictions were, in general, in good agreement with flight test data. The predicted values were for the most part sufficiently accurate to show the satisfactory and unsatisfactory characteristics in the preliminary design stage and to indicate possible methods of improvement. The discrepancies which did occur were attributed principally to physical dissimilarities between model and airplane and the instability to determine accurately the flight power conditions. The effect of Mach number was considered negligible since the maximum flight test value was about 0.5. In order to simulate more closely the flight conditions and hence obtain more accurate data for predictions, it appears desirable to perform large-scale tests of unorthodox control surfaces such as the sealed vaned elevators with which the airplane was equipped.
    Keywords: Aircraft Stability and Control
    Type: NACA-RM-A6L30
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The present treatise reports on theoretical investigations and test-stand measurements which were carried out in the BMW Flugmotoren GMbH in developing the hollow blade for exhaust gas turbines. As an introduction the temperature variation and the stress on a turbine blade for a gas temperature of 900 degrees and circumferential velocities of 600 meters per second are discussed. The assumptions onthe heat transfer coefficients at the blade profile are supported by tests on an electrically heated blade model. The temperature distribution in the cross section of a blade Is thoroughly investigated and the temperature field determined for a special case. A method for calculation of the thermal stresses in turbine blades for a given temperature distribution is indicated. The effect of the heat radiation on the blade temperature also is dealt with. Test-stand experiments on turbine blades are evaluated, particularly with respect to temperature distribution in the cross section; maximum and minimum temperature in the cross section are ascertained. Finally, the application of the hollow blade for a stationary gas turbine is investigated. Starting from a setup for 550 C gas temperature the improvement of the thermal efficiency and the fuel consumption are considered as well as the increase of the useful power by use of high temperatures. The power required for blade cooling is taken into account.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1183 , Forschungsbericht-1879 , Zentrale fuer Wissenschaftliches Berichtswesen der Luftfahrtforschung des Generalluftzeugmeisters Berlin-Adlershof
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  • 56
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The motion of different bodies imersed in liquid or gaseous media is accompanied by characteristic sound which is excited by the formation of unstable surfaces of separation behind the body, usually disintegrating into a system of discrete vortices(such as the Karman vortex street due to the flow about an infintely long rod, etc.).In the noise from fans,pumps,and similar machtnery, vortexnQif3eI?Yequently predominates. The purpose of this work is to elucidate certain questions of the dependence ofthis sound upon the aerodynamic parameters and the tip speed of the rotating rods,or blades. Although scme material is given below,insufficientto calculate the first rough approximation to the solution of this question,such as the mechanics of vortex formation,never the less certain conclusions maybe found of practical application for the reduction of noise from rotating blades.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1136 , Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki; 14; 9; 561
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  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: This article explains results developed from the following research: 'The Stability of Plates and Shells beyond the Elastic Limit.' A significant improvement is found in the derivation of the relations between the stress factors and the strains resulting from the instability of plates and shells. In a strict analysis, the problem reduces to the solution of two simultaneous nonlinear partial differential equations of the fourth order in the deflection and stress function, and in the approximate analysis to a single linear equation of the Bryan type. Solutions are given for the special cases of a rectangular plate buckling into a cylindrical form, and of an arbitrarily shaped plate under uniform compression. These solutions indicate that the accuracy obtained by the approximate method is satisfactory.
    Keywords: Structural Mechanics
    Type: NACA-TM-1188
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Computations were made to determine the temperature distribution and cooling of solid gas-turbine blades.A range of temperatures was used from 1500 degrees to 2500 degrees F, blade-root temperatures from 100 degrees to 1000 degrees F, blade thermal conductivity from 8 to 220 BTU/(hr)(sq ft)(degrees F/ft), and net gas to metal heat transfer coefficients from 75 to 250 BTU/(hr)(sq ft)(degrees F).
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11h
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Effect of inlet-air pressure and temperature on the performance of the X24-2 10-Stage Axial-Flow Compressor from the X24C-2 turbojet engine was evaluated. Speeds of 80, 89, and 100 percent of equivalent design speed with inlet-air pressures of 6 and 12 inches of mercury absolute and inlet-air temperaures of approximately 538 degrees, 459 degrees,and 419 degrees R ( 79 degrees, 0 degrees, and minus 40 degrees F). Results were compared with prior investigations.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7H22
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: This report contains the flight-test results of the longitudinal-stability and -control phase of a general flying qualities investigation of the Lockheed P-80A airplane (Army No. 44-85099). The tests were conducted at indicated airspeeds up to 530 miles per hour (0.76 Mach number) at low altitude and up to 350 miles per hour (0.82) Mach number) at high altitude. These tests showed that the flying qualities of the airplane were in accordance with the requirements of the Army Air Forces Stability and Control Specification except for excessive elevator control forces in maneuvering flight and the inadequacy of the longitudinal trimming control at low airspeeds.
    Keywords: Aircraft Stability and Control
    Type: NACA-RM-A7G01
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A calulation of the flow in turbine blading is reported that includes the calculation of effect of centrifugal force. Frictional losses on the stator blades and rotor blades are allowed.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1118 , Forschungsbericht-1750 , Deutsche Luftfahrtforschung; 1-39
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Stress-rupture data for four heat-resisting alloys are analyzed according to equations of the theory of rate processes. A method for determining the four parameters of structure and composition is demonstrated and the four parameters are determined for each of the alloys: forged S816, cast S816, cast S590, and cast Vitallium. It is concluded that parameters can be determined for an alloy provided sufficient reliable experimental data are available.
    Keywords: Structural Mechanics
    Type: NACA-RM-E7G18a
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An investigation of the antiknock effectiveness of various additive-water solutions when used as internal coolants has been conducted at the NACA Cleveland laboratory. Nine compounds have been previously run in a CFR engine and the results are presented. In an effort to find a good anti-knock-coolant additive with more desirable physical properties than those of the nine compounds previously investigated, water solutions of four alkyl amines, three alkanolamines, six amides, and eight heterocyclic compounds were investigated and the results are presented.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E6L05a
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Qualitative investigations have shown that use of the NACA injection impeller with the R-3350 engine increases the inertia of the fuel-injection system and, when the standard fuel-metering system is used, this increase in inertia results in poor engine acceleration characteristics. This investigation was therefore undertaken to determine whether satisfactory acceleration characteristics of the engine equipped with the injection impeller could be obtained by simple modifications to the fuel-monitoring system. The engine was operated with two types of carburetor; namely, a hydraulic-metering carburetor incorporating a vacuum-operated accelerating pump and a direct-metering carburetor having a throttle-actuated accelerating pump. The vacuum-operated accelerating pump of the hydraulic-metering carburetor was modified to produce satisfactory accelerations by supplementing the standard air chamber with an additional 75-cubic spring. The throttle-actuated accelerating pump of the direct-metering carburetor was modified to produce satisfactory accelerations by replacing the standard 0.028-inch-diameter bleed in the load-compensator balance line with a smaller bleed of 0.0225-inch diameter. The results of this investigation indicated that both carburetors can be easily modified to produce satisfactory acceleration characteristics of the engine and no definite choice between the types of carburetor and accelerating pump can be made. Use of the direct-metering carburetor, however, probably resulted in better fuel distribution to the cylinders during the acceleration period and reduced the backfire hazard because all the fuel is introduced through the injection impeller.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-E6L03a
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Estimates of the static stick-fixed stability and control characteristics of the Consolidated Vultee model 240 airplane are presented in this report. The estimates are based on tests of a 0.092-scale powered model in the 10-foot wind tunnel of the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology. Results of the analysis are evaluated in terms of the Army specifications for stability and control characteristics which are more specific and, in general, equal to or more rigid than the Civil Aeronautics Administration requirements. The stick-fixed stability and control characteristics of the Consolidated Vultee model 240 were found to be satisfactory except for the following: 1) Marginal longitudinal stability in the landing approach (flaps 30 deg, 50% minimum continuous power) with aft center of gravity (31% M.A.C.); 2) Marginal rudder control to hold zero sideslip in a climb after take-off with asymmetric power (flaps 30 deg, left engine inoperative, right engine delivering take-off power) with maximum rudder throw limited to +/- 18 deg; 3) Marginal dihedral effect with flaps 40 deg and engines delivering maximum continuous power.
    Keywords: Aircraft Stability and Control
    Type: NACA-RM-A7F19
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Tests were conducted to find the effects of compressibility on the longitudinal stability and control of a 1/7-scale semispan model of the Northrop YB-49 airplane. Lift, drag, pitching moment, and elevon hinge moments were measured and are presented in graphical form. The results show that, due to a loss of lift on the outboard portion of the wing, the longitudinal static stability decreased rapidly as the Mach numbers increased above 0.735 the model experienced a climbing moment at positive lift coefficients. Also, a longitudinal-control effectiveness began to decrease at a Mach number of about 0.725
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-A7C13
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Two fields are reserved for the application of rocket power plants. The first field is determined by the fact that the rocket power plant is the only type of power plant that can produce thrust without dependence upon environment. For this field,the rocket is therefore the only possible power plant and the limit of what may be done is determined by the status of the technical development of these power plants at the given moment. The second field is that in which the rocket power plant proves itself the most suitable as a high-power drive in free competition with other types of power plants. The exposition will be devoted to the demarcation of this field and its division among the various types of rocket power plants.
    Keywords: Propellants and Fuels
    Type: NACA-TM-1145 , R-Antriebe, Schriften der Deutsche Akademie der Luftfahrtforschung; No. 1071; Nr. 82; 91-126
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: On the basis of the investigations so far completed on the behavior of PTL power plants under various operating conditions, in which the influence of the propeller characteristics is of considerable importance, the most important aspects of a control system for turbine-propeller jet power plants are deduced. A simple possible means for its concrete realization, which is also applicable to TL [NACA comment: TL, jet] power plants, is presented by means of examples. A control device of this kind is now being developed.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1172
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A theoretical analysis of the temperature distribution through the trailing portion of a blade near the coolant passages of liquid cooled gas turbines was made. The analysis was applied to obtain the hot spot temperatures at the trailing edge and influence of design variables. The effective gas temperature was varied from 2000 degrees to 5000 degrees F in each investigation.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11d
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Axial blowers are gaining importance as aircraft engine superchargers. However, the pressure head obtainable per stage is small. Due to the necessary great number of stages, the physical length of the blower becomes too great for an airworthy device. This report discusses several types of construction that permit a reduction in the length of the blower.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1132 , Tech. Berichte ZWB; 4; 130-133
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: This report addresses a method for the approximate calculation of compressible flows about profiles with local regions of supersonic velocity. The flow around a slender profile is treated as an example.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1114 , Forschungsbericht-1794 , Zentrale fuer Wissenschaftliches Berichtswesen der Luftfahrtforschung des Generalluftzeugmeisters
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: An altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of a TG-100A gas turbine-propeller engine was performed. Pressure and temperature data were obtained at altitudes from 5000 to 35000 feet, compressor inlet ram-pressure ratios from 1.00 to 1.17, and engine speeds from 800 to 13000 rpm. The effect of engine speed, shaft horsepower, and compressor-inlet ram-pressure ratio on pressure and temperature distribution at each measuring station are presented graphically.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7J02
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Rim cracking in turbine wheels with welded blades was evaluated. The problem is explained on the basis of the occurrence of plastic flow in the rim during transient starting conditions when thermal compressive stresses resulting from high-temperature gradients exceed the proportional elastic limit of the material.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E6L17
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A Douglas C-74 airplane, during a test dive at about 0.525 Mach number, experienced uncontrollable longitudinal oscillations sufficient to cause shedding of the outer wing panels and the subsequent crash of the airplane. Tests of a section of the horizontal tail plane from a C-74 airplane were conducted in the Ames 16-foot high-speed wind tunnel to investigate the possibility of the tail as a contributing factor to the accident. The results of the investigations of fabric-covered elevators in various conditions of surface deformation are presented in this report.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7D28
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Attempts were made to alleviate the buffeting of external fuel tanks mounted under the wings of a twin-engine Navy fighter plane. The Mach number at which the buffeting began was increased from 0.529 to 0.640 by streamlining the sway braces and increasing the lateral rigidity of the sway brace system. Further increases of the Mach number, at which buffeting began to 0.725, was obtained by moving the external fuel tank to a position under the fuselage.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7A07
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: This report contains the flight-test results of the lateral and directional-stability and control phase (including tests with wing-tip tanks) of a general flying-qualities investigation of the Lockheed P-80A airplane (Army No. 44-85099). These tests were conducted at indicated airspeeds up to 494 miles per hour (0.691 Mach number) at low altitude and up to 378 miles per hour (0.816 Mach number) at high altitude. These tests showed that the flying qualities of the airplane were for the most part in accordance with the requirements of the Army Air Forces Stability and Control Specifications. The only major deficiency noted was the negative lateral stability with the wing-tip tanks installed.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7J24
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The crystal structures of alloys 61, X-40,X-50, 422-19, 6059, and Vitallium, derived from x-ray diffraction, are discussed. The alloys have been, or are being considered for use in gas turbine applications. The predominant phase was a solid solution of the face centered cubic type of the principal constituent elements.The lattice parameters were found to be between 3.5525 and 3.5662.
    Keywords: Metals and Metallic Materials
    Type: NACA-RM-E7D23
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A selection of measurements obtained on experimental impellers for axial blowers will be reported. In addition to characteristic curves plotted for low and for high peripheral velocities, proportions and blade sections for six different blower models and remarks on the design of blowers will be presented.
    Keywords: Mechanical Engineering
    Type: NACA-TM-1123 , ZWB, M94, Nr. 3135; 1-28
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  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Two procedures for calculating the lift distribution along the span are given in which a better account is taken of the distribution of circulation over te area than in the Prandtl lifting-line theory. The methods are also applicable to wing sweepback. Calculated results for the two methods were in agreement.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1120 , Zentrale fuer Wissenschaftliches Berichtswesen der Luftfahrtforschung des Generalluftzeugmeisters; 1553
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Partial measurements in flight of the handling qualities of a Grumman XF7F-1 airplane were investigated. Results are for low altitude and normal center of gravity conditions only.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7D15
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An investigation was conducted to determine the operational and performance characteristics of the TG-100A gas turbine-propeller engine II. Windmilling characteristics were deterined for a range of altitudes from 5000 to 35,000 feet, true airspeeds from 100 to 273 miles per hour, and propeller blade angles from 4 degrees to 46 degrees.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7G25
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The NACA 23012-4 airfoil was investigated for the purpose of increasing lift by means of blowing out air from the wing, in conjunction with the effect of plain flap of variable contour and slotted flap of 25 percent chord length. The wing also was provided with a hinged nose, to be deflected at will. Air was blown out frcm the wing immediately in front of the flap; also at the opening between wing and hinged nose,tangentially to the surface of the wing. Another device employed to increase maximum lift was a movable slat, to be opened to form a clot. Lift was measured in relation to the volume of blown-out air and considerable increases were observed with increasing volume.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-TM-1148
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  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Wind-tunnel measurements on projectiles are discussed. Tests at the Gottingen Tunnel are described. The tunnel operates on the Prandtl principle, that is, a brief stationary air stream produced in an evacuated tank by induction of atmospheric air.
    Keywords: Aircraft Stability and Control
    Type: NACA-TM-1122 , Lilienthal-Gesellschaft; 139; 29-37
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The sea-level performance of I-16 turbojet engine at zero ram was investigated to determine the effects of an intake duct, shroud, and tail pipe intended for installation in an XFR-1 airplane. Engine speeds ranged from 8000 to 16,500 rpm for several variations of the intake duct and tail pipes.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7G24
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Flight and ground investigations have been made to compare an exhaust-ejector installation with a standard exhaust-collector-ring installation on air-cooled aircraft engines in a twin-engine airplane. The ground investigation allowed that, whereas the standard engine would have overheated above 600 horsepower, the engine with exhaust ejectors cooled at take-off operating conditions at zero ram. The exhaust ejectors provided as much cooling with cowl flaps closed as the conventional cowl flaps induced when full open at low airspeeds. The propulsive thrust of the exhaust-ejector installation was calculated to be slightly less than the thrust of the collector-ring-installation.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-E6L13a
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  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: It is known that the compressibility shocks accompanying local or total supersonic flows lead to pronounced flow separations which result in unusually high energy losses on airplane wings, vanes, and in diffusers. These phenomena were investigated experimentally and theoretically.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1152 , Technische Berichte Band; 10; 2; 59-61
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The performance of a mixed-flow impeller in combination with a semivaneless diffuser were experimentally investigated. The diameter of the impeller was 11.0 inches and a maximum tip diameter of 14.74 inches. The semivaneless diffuser had an overall diameter of 28.00 inches. The performance properties of the mixed-flow impeller were also investigated with a 34.00 inch vane loss diffuser having a transition section of the same geometry as the semivaneless diffuser.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7C05a
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  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The calculation of infinitesimal conical supersonic flow has been applied first to the simplest examples that have also been calculated in another way. Except for the discovery of a miscalculation in an older report, there was found the expected conformity. The new method of calculation is limited more definitely to the conical case.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1100
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The Russian AM 35 and AM 38 aircraft engines have superchargers with a swirl throttle, which appears to be a purely Russian development. This paper gives the results of test runs of the two engines, including the effects of the swirl throttle on engine performance.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1169
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A study was made of heat transfer in turbine blades and the effects on blade temperature of cooling the blade root and tip, changing the dimensions of the blades, raising the cycle temperatures, insulating with ceramics, and cooling by circulation of air or water through hollow blades.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11g
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Four methods of boundary-layer control were tried during an investigation to improve the flow in the impeller passages of a V-1710-93 engine-stage supercharger. The boundary layer along the impeller front shroud was removed by suction. In one method the removal was accomplished by recirculation of the air to the impeller inlet; in another method, by external removal. In the other methods, slots were cut through the impeller-blade faces first at 30 percent and then at 30 and 70 percent of the mean-flow-path length measured from leading edges of the rotating inlet guide vanes to introduce air from the high-pressure side of the blades into the region where stagnation and separation were suspected. A slight improvement in performance was obtained when the boundary layer was removed through the impeller front shroud. In general, this improvement become more pronounced as the amount of air removed was increased even though the excessive impeller frontal clearance maintained for these tests, together with an exaggerated negative pressure gradient, apparently induced flow separation on the diffuser front and rear walls as well as on the impeller front shroud. The use of slots in the impellers at the locations selected had a detrimental effect on the supercharger performance characteristics.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E6L19
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A method of interference is described in the present report which promises profitable application in aeronautical research. The physical foundation of the method and a simple method of adjustment are briefly discussed. The special technical construction of the instrument is described which guarantees its use also in the case of vibrations of the surrounding space and permits the investigation of unsteady phenomena. It is found that the interference method will make the small differences in density in the flow field around the body even at low speeds. (40 m/sec) optically measurable.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: NACA-TM-1184
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: With an approach of the velocity of flight of a ship to the velocity of sound, there occurs a considerable increase of the drag. The reason for this must be found in the boundary layer separation caused by formation of shock waves. It will be endeavored to reduce the drag increase by suction of the boundary layer. Experimental results showed that drag increase may be considerably reduced by this method. It was, also, observed that, by suction, the position of shock waves can be altered to a considerable extent.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1168 , ZWB-1424
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  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: This paper gives an overview of equations for vibration and flutter affecting airplane wings in nonstationary flow.
    Keywords: Aircraft Stability and Control
    Type: NACA-TM-1154 , Bulletin de L'Academie des Sciences de L'URSS
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Wind tunnel tests haved been made at low speed to various small-scale models of swept-back, swept-forward, and yawed wings. Tests covered changes in aspect ratio, taper ratio, and tip shape.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L7D23
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The present report contains three-component forces and mass-flow measurements on a jet nacelle at small inlet-velocity ratios v(sub A)/v(sub o) 〈 1. The mass-flow measurement on two cross sections of the nacelle demonstrate the local-velocity distribution with varying flow and angle of attack.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1149
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An analysis was developed for calculating the radial temperature distribution in a gas turbine with only the temperatures of the gas and the cooling air and the surface heat-transfer coefficient known. This analysis was applied to determine the temperatures of a complete wheel of a conventional single-stage impulse exhaust-gas turbine. The temperatures were first calculated for the case of the turbine operating at design conditions of speed, gas flow, etc. and with only the customary cooling arising from exposure of the outer blade flange and one face of the rotor to the air. Calculations were next made for the case of fins applied to the outer blade flange and the rotor. Finally the effects of using part of the nozzles (from 0 to 40 percent) for supplying cooling air and the effects of varying the metal thermal conductivity from 12 to 260 Btu per hour per foot per degree Farenheit on the wheel temperatures were determined. The gas temperatures at the nozzle box used in the calculations ranged from 1600F to 2000F. The results showed that if more than a few hundred degrees of cooling of turbine blades are required other means than indirect cooling with fins on the rotor and outer blade flange would be necessary. The amount of cooling indicated for the type of finning used could produce some improvement in efficiency and a large increase in durability of the wheel. The results also showed that if a large difference is to exist between the effective temperature of the exhaust gas and that of the blade material, as must be the case with present turbine materials and the high exhaust-gas temperatures desired (2000F and above), two alternatives are suggested: (a) If metal with a thermal conductivity comparable with copper is used, then the blade temperature can be reduced by strong cooling at both the blade tip and root. The center of the blade will be less than 2000F hotter than the ends; (b) With low conductivity materials some method of direct cooling other than partial admission of cooling air is essential. From this study, it can be deduced that indirect cooling of turbine blades will not make possible large increases in gas temperature.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11a
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The tests reported herein were made for the purpose of determining the high-speed load distribution on the wing of a 3/16 scale model of a scout-bomber airplane. Comparisons are made between the root bending-moment and section torsional-moment coefficients as obtained experimentally and derived analytically. The results show good correlation for the bending-moment coefficients but considerable disagreement for the torsional-moment coefficients.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7D23
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An analysis is presented of rim cooling of gas-turbine blades; that is, reducing the temperature at the base of the blade (wheel rim), which cools the blade by conduction alone. Formulas for temperature and stress distributions along the blade are derived and, by the use of experimental stress-rupture data for a typical blade alloy, a relation is established between blade life (time for rupture), operating speed, and amount of rim cooling for several gas temperatures. The effect of blade parameter combining the effects of blade dimensions, blade thermal conductivity, and heat-transfer coefficient is determined. The effect of radiation on the results is approximated. The gas temperatures ranged from 1300F to 1900F and the rim temperature, from 0F to 1000F below the gas temperature. This report is concerned only with blades of uniform cross section, but the conclusions drawn are generally applicable to most modern turbine blades. For a typical rim-cooled blade, gas temperature increases are limited to about 200F for 500F of cooling of the blade base below gas temperature, and additional cooling brings progressively smaller increases. In order to obtain large increases in thermal conductivity or very large decreases in heat-transfer coefficient or blade length or necessary. The increases in gas temperature allowable with rim cooling are particularly small for turbines of large dimensions and high specific mass flows. For a given effective gas temperature, substantial increases in blade life, however, are possible with relatively small amounts of rim cooling.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-E7B11b
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An analysis has been made of the characteristics of several cooling cycles suitable for cockpit cooling of supersonic aircraft. All the cycles considered utilize the difference between dynamic and ambient static pressure to actuate the cooling system and require no additional power source. The results of the study indicate that as flight speeds become greater, increasingly complex systems are required to reduce the altitudes above approximately 35,000 feet, a system composed of an externally loaded expansion turbine in conjunction with a supersonic diffuser would maintain tolerable ventilating air temperature, at least up to a flight Mach number of 2. The most complex system considered,composed of compressor, intercooler, and expansion turbine with the intercooler cooling air decreased in temperature by expansion through an auxiliary turbine is capable of maintaining a ventilation air temperature less than ambient temperature up to a flight Mach number of 3.7.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NACA-RM-A7C04
    Format: application/pdf
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