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  • 1
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    Die Paläoflora aus dem Rotliegend (Oberkarbon – Unterperm; Meisenheim-Formation; M5) von Niedermoschel (2008)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-23
    Description: Eine erste taxonomische Übersicht der bisher unbeschriebenen Taphoflora aus dem Unterrotliegend (Oberkarbon – Unterperm) von Niedermoschel bei Alsenz (Saar-Becken-Becken, SW-Deutschland) wird vorgestellt. Die Flora umfasst nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand folgende Taxa: Lepidostrobophyllum sp., Sphenophyllum thoniiMAHR, Sphenophyllum cf. oblongifolium (GERMAR & KAULFUSS) UNGER, Sphenophyllum spp. (unbest. Achsen), Annularia spinulosa STERNBERG, Annularia spicata (GUTBIER) SCHIMPER, Asterophyllites equisetiformis (SCHLOTHEIM ex STERNBERG) BRONGNIART, Asterophyllites longifolius (STERNBERG) BRONGNIART, cf. Palaeostachya sp., Calamites spp., Scolecopteris cf. arborescens (SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART) STUR, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) cf. oreopteridia (SCHLOTHEIM) BRONGNIART, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) candolleana BRONGNIART, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) cf. densifolia GÖPPERT, Pecopteris monyi ZEILLER, Pecopteris spp. indet, Remia pinnatifida (GUTBIER) KNIGHT, Asterotheca sternbergii (GÖPPERT) STUR, Crossotheca sp., Autunia conferta (STERNBERG) KERP, Rhachiphyllum schenkii (HEYER) KERP, Dicksonites pluckenetii (SCHLOTHEIM ex STERNBERG) STERZEL, cf. Neurodontopteris auriculata (BRONGNIART) POTONIÉ, Cordaites sp., Coniferae indet., Gomphostrobus bifidus (GEINITZ) POTONIÉ, cf. Dicranophyllum gallicum GRAND´EURY sowie verschiedene, nicht näher bestimmbare karpologische Reste, Wurzeln und Problematika. Die Flora repräsentiert damit eine der diversesten, bisher bekannt gewordenen Floren aus dem Unteren Rotliegend des Saar-Nahe-Beckens. Basierend auf der taxonomischen Zusammensetzung und der autökologischen Interpretation der nachgewiesenen Taxa wird die Taphoflora als eine allochthone Vermischung mindestens zweier Vegetationseinheiten gedeutet: der ufernahen, feuchtigkeitsliebenden Vegetation (deren Reste die Taphoflora dominieren) und der Vegetation des eher trockeneren Hinterlandes.
    Description: Abstract: A first taxonomic survey of the so far undescribed taphoflora from the Lower Rotliegend (Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian) of Niedermoschel near Alsenz (Saar-Nahe basin, Southwest Germany) is presented. The following taxa have been identified so far: Lepidostrobophyllum sp., Sphenophyllum thoniiMAHR, Sphenophyllum cf. oblongifolium (GERMAR & KAULFUSS) UNGER, Sphenophyllum spp., Annularia spinulosa STERNBERG, Annularia spicata (GUTBIER) SCHIMPER, Asterophyllites equisetiformis (SCHLOTHEIM ex STERNBERG) BRONGNIART, Asterophyllites longifolius (STERNBERG) BRONGNIART , cf. Palaeostachya sp., Calamites spp., Scolecopteris cf. arborescens (SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART) STUR, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) cf. oreopteridia (SCHLOTHEIM) BRONGNIART, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) candolleana BRONGNIART, Pecopteris (Scolecopteris) cf. densifolia GÖPPERT, Pecopteris monyi ZEILLER, Pecopteris spp. indet, Remia pinnatifida (GUTBIER) KNIGHT, Asterotheca sternbergii (GÖPPERT) STUR, Crossotheca sp., Autunia conferta (STERNBERG) KERP, Rhachiphyllum schenkii (HEYER) KERP, Dicksonites pluckenetii (SCHLOTHEIM ex STERNBERG) STERZEL, cf. Neurodontopteris auriculata (BRONGNIART) POTONIÉ, Cordaites sp., Coniferae indet., Gomphostrobus bifidus (GEINITZ) POTONIÉ, cf. Dicranophyllum gallicum GRAND´EURY, as well as several unidentified carpological remains, roots and problematics. Thus this flora represents one of the most diverse (in terms of species richness) floras from the Lower Rotliegend of the Saar-Nahe basin. Based on the taxonomic composition and autecological interpretations of the taxa this flora is interpretated to represent an allochthonous mix of at least two different source vegetation types: i.e. from the vegetation of wet environments (dominating the assemblage) and the vegetation of the more dry Hinterland.
    Description: 1. Einleitung 2. Geologie und Material 3. Die Flora 3.1. Lycopsiden 3.2. Sphenopsiden 3.2.1. Calamiten 3.2.2. Sphenophyllen 3.3. Farne 3.4. Pteridospermen 3.4.1. Peltaspermaceen 3.4.2. Callistophytaceen 3.4.3. Medullosaceen 3.5. Cordaiten 3.6. Koniferen 3.7. „Koniferophyten“ 3.8. Incertae sedis und Problematika 4. Taphonomie und Ökologie Schriften
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:561 ; Saar-Nahe-Becken ; Rotliegend ; Paläobotanik
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 2
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    Microbial Response to the Addition of Light and Rich Oil to Natural Marine Sediments (2012)
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Keywords: Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    Selektion von hitzestresstoleranten Individuen bei der Weißbeingarnele Pennaeus vannamei (Peneidae) (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass einige invasive Arten bzw. Populationen gegenüber Umweltstress robuster sind als nicht invasive Arten bzw. Populationen derselben Art. Es wird vermutet, dass die Toleranz gegenüber abiotischen Stressoren wahrscheinlich eine Schlüsseleigenschaft von invasiven Arten darstellt. Während des Transports von Individuen in einen neuen Lebensraum oder durch Stressereignisse könnten widrige abiotische Bedingungen eine Selektion stresstoleranter Individuen hervorrufen, was die erhöhte Stresstoleranz von invasiven Arten bzw. Populationen erklären könnte. Um dies zu testen, habe ich in einem Laborexperiment ein Transport- bzw. Stressereignis simuliert. In zwei unabhängigen Experimenten habe ich in einer Gruppe von Individuen der Weißbeingarnele Penaeus vannamei durch erhöhte Temperaturen mindestens 50 % Mortalität erzeugt. Hierbei wurden die Individuen in unabhängigen Replikaten für 13 Tage 37°C (Langzeit-Stressexperiment) bzw. für 2 h 41°C (Kurzzeit-Stressexperiment) Wassertemperatur ausgesetzt. Nach dieser ersten Stressphase wurde ein Teil der überlebenden gleichzeitig mit einer gleichen Anzahl an bis dahin nicht vorgestressten Individuen sofort wieder denselben erhöhten Temperaturen ausgesetzt und die Überlebenskurven in beiden Gruppen verglichen. Den übrigen überlebenden der ersten Stressphase wurde vor der zweiten Stressphase eine 13 Tage (Langzeit-Stressexperiment) bzw. 6 Tage (Kurzzeit-Stressexperiment) lange Erholungsphase gewährt, damit etwaige physiologische Anpassungen an Stressbedingungen abklingen konnten. Der Vergleich der Überlebenskurven einer vorgestressten Gruppe, die nach der ersten Stressphase direkt wieder Stressbedingungen ausgesetzt wurde und einer vorgestressten Gruppe, der eine Erholungsphase gewährt wurde, sollte Aufschluss darüber geben, ob eine mögliche erhöhte Stresstoleranz der vorgestressten Gruppen auf eine Selektion stresstoleranter Individuen oder physiologischer Anpassungen an Stressbedingungen zurückzuführen war. In beiden Experimenten zeigten die vorgestressten Gruppen, unabhängig davon, ob ihnen eine Erholungsphase gewährt wurde oder nicht, stets höhere Überlebensraten als die Gruppen, die nicht vorgestresst waren. Meine Ergebnisse legen einerseits nahe, dass es durch Temperaturstress zu einer physiologischen Stressabhärtung und dadurch zu erhöhten Überlebensraten der vorgestressten Individuen kam. Da Literaturdaten darauf hinweisen, dass die Erholungsphasen wahrscheinlich lang genug waren, um die physiologische Stressabhärtung in den vorgestressten Gruppen, denen eine Erholungsphase gewährt wurden, abklingen zu lassen, kann man andererseits annehmen, dass es durch den Temperaturstress bei P. vannamei zu einer Selektion stresstoleranterer Individuen gekommen ist. Dies konnte im Rahmen meiner Diplomarbeit jedoch nicht direkt bewiesen werden.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    R/V SONNE Test Cruise P5, Aberdeen – Bremerhaven, 02- 09. 10. 2014, Short Report (2014)
    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Internal vs. external forcing of shallow marine diatremes: a case study from the Iblean Mountains (SE-Sicily, Central Mediterranean) (2011)
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Seismic structure off- and onshore Maule, constraints for megathrust earthquakes in central Chile (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: During the last decades, the Chilean margin offshore Maule (34±S −36±S) had been reported as a highly locked and seismically quiet zone. The stress-accumulated state finished on the 27th of February 2010, when a megathrust earthquake (with Mw = 8.8) ruptured » 400 km of the Nazca-South America plate boundary. Unfortunately, up to now little was known about the seismic structure offshore Maule. In the frame of the third phase of the project SFB 574 “Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones” of the Christan-Albrechts University of Kiel, seismic data was analyzed in order to obtain detailed images of the deep structure of the margin and of the outer rise. Here are presented constraints on the forearc and the subduction zone structure of the rupture area derived from seismic refraction and wide-angle data. The results show a wedge shaped body » 40 km wide with typical sedimentary velocities interpreted as a frontal accretionary prism (FAP). Landward of the imaged FAP, the velocity model shows an abrupt velocity-contrast suggesting a lithological change, which is interpreted as the contact between the FAP and the paleo accretionary prism (backstop). The backstop location is coincident with the seaward limit of the aftershocks, defining the updip limit of the co-seismic rupture and the seismogenic zone. Furthermore, the seaward limit of the aftershocks coincides with the location of the shelf break in the entire earthquake rupture area (33.5±S−38.5±S), which is interpreted as the location of the backstop along the margin. Published seismic profiles at the northern and southern limit of the rupture area also show the presence of a strong horizontal velocity gradient imaging the seismic backstop at a distance of » 30 km from the deformation front. The seismic wide-angle reflections from the top of the subducting oceanic crust constrain the location of the plate boundary offshore, dipping » 10±. The projection of the epicenter of the Maule earthquake onto our derived interplate boundary yielded a hypocenter around 20 km depth. This implies that the earthquake nucleated somewhere within the seismogenic zone, neither at its updip nor at its downdip limit. The second part of this thesis focuses on the dependency between the incoming plate’s bend faulting, lithospheric hydration and shallow outer rise seismic activity. To support the interpretation, are presented Vp and Vs seismic models obtained from wide angle seismic data and the derived 2D Poisson’s ratio distribution at the outer rise. The oceanic lithosphere shows a high degree of hydration, due to the water infiltration through the bending-related faults exposed to seawater. This process is presumably intensified bythe existence of a seamount in the area. It is concluded that the water infiltrates deep into the lithosphere, triggering shallow earthquakes in the outer rise and likely serpentinization in the mantle, estimated to be about 10%.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Germany’s energy policy – responsibility and chance for sustainable development (2013)
    In:  Baltic Rim Economies
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-17
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Zum Einfluss kleinskaliger Turbulenz auf Phytoflagellaten : Kulturexperimente mit ausgewählten Arten (2007)
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-10
    Description: This study investigated effects of small-scale turbulence on growth and other selected characteristics of autotrophic planktonic flagellates. Under turbulent conditions generated in the laboratory, experiments in pure batch culture were conducted with Prymnesium parvum (Prymnesiophyceae), Pyrenomonas helgolandii (Cryptophyceae), Prorocentrum redfieldii, Alexandrium minutum, A. fundyense and A. tamarense (Dinoflagellata). Net growth rate of two species were affected by small-scale turbulence, i. e. enhancement in P. parvum, impairment in A. tamarense. In P. redfieldii aggregation and mortality of the cells was enhanced. Except for a slight effect towards smaller cell size in A. tamarense turbulence showed no effect on the size in the six species examined. Carbon and nitrogen content of the cells and their relation were not affected by small-scale turbulence in P. helgolandii and P. redfieldii. The content of chlorophyll a and some accessory pigments was also not affected in the four dinoflagellate species examined. In the three Alexandrium species the cellular contents of mean toxins causing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) were not influenced during the exponential growth stage, but during stagnation and decline, gonyautoxin in A. fundyense increased with increasing turbulence. The effects of small-scale turbulence might also depend on the growth stage of the organisms. Experiments in chemostat cultures instead of batch cultures might be more suitable for investigating the effect of small-scale turbulence in discrete growth stages and are recommended for future experiments.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    The impact of global warming on El Niño-Southern Oscillation (2007)
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The newly developed Kiel Climate Model (KCM) is used to study the influence of global warming on the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The global warming scenario used in this study involves increasing the C02 concentration by 1 % per annum until the concentration has doubled and thereafter stabilised. An ensemble of eight global warming simulations were performed. They were compared against a 330 year stable simulation for current climate conditions. In the first step, the simulation of the tropical climate, mean state, ENSO and its dynamics in the control run are assessed by comparing them against observations. In the second step, the changes induced by the global warming scenario in the mean state of tropical Pacific, the simulation of ENSO, and three major ENSO feedbacks are examined. KCM simulates global climate relatively well in terms of mean state, annual cycle, variability, and ENSO. However, like many models, KCM exhibits a 1 °C cold bias in the cold tongue of the equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST), overestimates the variability, underestimates the non-linear effects and is also lacking the typical phase locking to the annual cycle. The simulated global warming scenario is well inside the range of other coupled general circulation models and shows a linear increase in the surface air temperature during the increase of the C02 concentration. The major findings are near uniform warming of the sea surface temperature combined with a deepening and sharpening of the thermocline. These changes in the mean state result in a doubling of the amplitude and an increase in the extreme El Nino events. These changes in the mean state were shown to strengthen feedbacks between thermocline depth and SST and between SST and zonal wind stress, both of these contribute to the increased ENSO variability.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Frugale Technik (2014)
    In:  Ökologisches Wirtschaften
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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