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  • 2015-2019  (4,201,735)
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  • 1
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    Microcharcoal concentration and elongation, and age model of sediment core MD96-2098 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Daniau, Anne-Laure; Sanchez Goñi, Maria Fernanda; Martinez, Philippe; Urrego, Dunia H; Bout-Roumazeilles, Viviane; Desprat, Stéphanie; Marlon, Jennifer R (2013): Orbital-scale climate forcing of grassland burning in southern Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(13), 5069-5073, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214292110
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Although grassland and savanna occupy only a quarter of the world's vegetation, burning in these ecosystems accounts for roughly half the global carbon emissions from fire. However, the processes that govern changes in grassland burning are poorly understood, particularly on time scales beyond satellite records. We analyzed microcharcoal, sediments, and geochemistry in a high-resolution marine sediment core off Namibia to identify the processes that have controlled biomass burning in southern African grassland ecosystems under large, multimillennial-scale climate changes. Six fire cycles occurred during the past 170,000 y in southern Africa that correspond both in timing and magnitude to the precessional forcing of north-south shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Contrary to the conventional expectation that fire increases with higher temperatures and increased drought, we found that wetter and cooler climates cause increased burning in the study region, owing to a shift in rainfall amount and seasonality (and thus vegetation flammability). We also show that charcoal morphology (i.e., the particle's length-to-width ratio) can be used to reconstruct changes in fire activity as well as biome shifts over time. Our results provide essential context for understanding current and future grassland-fire dynamics and their associated carbon emissions.
    Keywords: CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; IMAGES; IMAGES II; International Marine Global Change Study; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 2
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    Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst analysis of sediment core GeoB8331-4 and from surface sediment samples off western South Africa (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, Xueqin; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Wefer, Gerold (2017): Palynological evidence for Holocene climatic and oceanographic changes off western South Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 165, 88-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.022
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Atmospheric and oceanographic interactions between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans influence upwelling in the southern Benguela upwelling system. In order to obtain a better knowledge of paleoceanographic and paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Benguela region during the Holocene, 12 marine surface sediment samples and one gravity core GeoB8331-4 from the Namaqualand mudbelt off the west coast of South Africa have been studied for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in high temporal resolution. The results are compared with pollen and geochemical records from the same samples. Our study emphasizes significantly distinct histories in upwelling intensity as well as the influence of fluvial input during the Holocene. Three main phases were identified for the Holocene. High percentages of cysts produced by autotrophic taxa like Operculodinium centrocarpum and Spiniferites spp. indicate warmer and stratified conditions during the early Holocene (9900-8400 cal. yr BP), suggesting reduced upwelling likely due to a northward shift of the southern westerlies. In contrast, the middle Holocene (8400-3100 cal. yr BP) is characterized by a strong increase in heterotrophic taxa in particular Lejeunecysta paratenella and Echinidinium spp. at the expense of autotrophic taxa. This indicates cool and nutrient-rich waters with active upwelling probably caused by a southward shift of the southern westerlies. During the late Holocene (3100 cal. yr BP to modern), Brigantedinium spp. and other abundant taxa interpreted to indicate fluvial nutrient input such as cyst of Protoperidinium americanum and Lejeunecysta oliva imply strong river discharge with high nutrient supply between 3100 and 640 cal. yr BP.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 3
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    Temperature affects the morphology and calcification of Emiliania huxleyi strains (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rosas-Navarro, Anaid; Langer, Gerald; Ziveri, Patrizia (2016): Temperature affects the morphology and calcification of Emiliania huxleyi strains. Biogeosciences, 13(10), 2913-2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2913-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The global warming debate has sparked an unprecedented interest in temperature effects on coccolithophores. The calcification response to temperature changes reported in the literature, however, is ambiguous. The two main sources of this ambiguity are putatively differences in experimental setup and strain-specificity. In this study we therefore compare three strains isolated in the North Pacific under identical experimental conditions. Three strains of Emiliania huxleyi type A were grown under non-limiting nutrient and light conditions, at 10, 15, 20 and 25 ºC. All three strains displayed similar growth rate versus temperature relationships, with an optimum at 20-25 ºC. Elemental production (particulate inorganic carbon (PIC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total particulate nitrogen (TPN)), coccolith mass, coccolith size, and width of the tube elements cycle were positively correlated with temperature over the sub-optimum to optimum temperature range. The correlation between PIC production and coccolith mass/size supports the notion that coccolith mass can be used as a proxy for PIC production in sediment samples. Increasing PIC production was significantly positively correlated with the percentage of incomplete coccoliths in one strain only. Generally, coccoliths were heavier when PIC production was higher. This shows that incompleteness of coccoliths is not due to time shortage at high PIC production. Sub-optimal growth temperatures lead to an increase in the percentage of malformed coccoliths in a strain-specific fashion. Since in total only six strains have been tested thus far, it is presently difficult to say whether sub-optimal temperature is an important factor causing malformations in the field. The most important parameter in biogeochemical terms, the PIC:POC, shows a minimum at optimum growth temperature in all investigated strains. This clarifies the ambiguous picture featuring in the literature, i.e. discrepancies between PIC:POC-temperature relationships reported in different studies using different strains and different experimental setups. In summary, global warming might cause a decline in coccolithophore's PIC contribution to the rain ratio, as well as improved fitness in some genotypes due to less coccolith malformations.
    Keywords: -; Alkalinity, total; Bicarbonate ion; Bottle number; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Coccoliths, incomplete; Concentration per cell; Estimated by measuring brightness in cross-polarized light (birefringence); Growth rate; Identification; Length; Malformation rate; Mass; Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate; MedSeA; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; pH; Potentiometric titration; Ratio; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Slope; Species; Strain; Temperature, water; TOC analyzer (Shimadzu); Width
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1130 data points
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  • 4
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    Nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance in the diatom (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Li, Wei; Gao, Kunshan; Beardall, John (2015): Nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biogeosciences, 12(8), 2383-2393, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2383-2015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: It has been proposed that ocean acidification (OA) will interact with other environmental factors to influence the overall impact of global change on biological systems. Accordingly we investigated the influence of nitrogen limitation and OA on the physiology of diatoms by growing the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin under elevated (1000 µatm; high CO2- HC) or ambient (390 µatm; low CO2-LC) levels of CO2 with replete (110 µmol/L; high nitrate-HN) or reduced (10 ?mol/L; low nitrate-LN) levels of NO3- and subjecting the cells to solar radiation with or without UV irradiance to determine their susceptibility to UV radiation (UVR, 280-400 nm). Our results indicate that OA and UVB induced significantly higher inhibition of both the photosynthetic rate and quantum yield under LN than under HN conditions. UVA or/and UVB increased the cells' non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) regardless of the CO2 levels. Under LN and OA conditions, activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were enhanced, along with the highest sensitivity to UVB and the lowest ratio of repair to damage of PSII. HC-grown cells showed a faster recovery rate of yield under HN but not under LN conditions. We conclude therefore that nutrient limitation makes cells more prone to the deleterious effects of UV radiation and that HC conditions (ocean acidification) exacerbate this effect. The finding that nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance of the diatom P. tricornutum implies that ocean primary production and the marine biological C pump will be affected by OA under multiple stressors.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Catalase activity, standard deviation; Catalase activity, unit per cell; Catalase activity, unit per protein mass; Charophyta; Chromista; Coulometric titration; Damage/repair ratio; Damage/repair ratio, standard deviation; Damage rate; Damage rate, standard deviation; Effective quantum yield; Effective quantum yield, standard deviation; Exponential rate constant for recovery; Exponential rate constant for recovery, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light; Macro-nutrients; Non photochemical quenching; Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, per cell; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, per chlorophyll a; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Protein per cell; Proteins, standard deviation; Repair rate; Repair rate, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; Superoxide dismutase activity, standard deviation; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per cell; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per protein mass; Table; Temperature, water; Time, standard deviation; Time in minutes; Treatment; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7864 data points
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  • 5
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    Effects of high CO2 levels on the ecophysiology of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii differ depending on the iron nutritional status (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sugie, Koji; Yoshimura, T (2016): Effects of high CO2 levels on the ecophysiology of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii differ depending on the iron nutritional status. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73(3), 680-692, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv259
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Iron availability in seawater, namely the concentration of dissolved inorganic iron ([Fe']), is affected by changes in pH. Such changes in the availability of iron should be taken into account when investigating the effects of ocean acidification on phytoplankton ecophysiology because iron plays a key role in phytoplankton metabolism. However, changes in iron availability in response to changes in ocean acidity are difficult to quantify specifically using natural seawater because these factors change simultaneously. In the present study, the availability of iron and carbonate chemistry were manipulated individually and simultaneously in the laboratory to examine the effect of each factor on phytoplankton ecophysiology. The effects of various pCO2 conditions (390, 600, and 800 µatm) on the growth, cell size, and elemental stoichiometry (carbon [C], nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P], and silicon [Si]) of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii under high iron ([Fe'] = 240 pmol/l) and low iron ([Fe'] = 24 pmol/l) conditions were investigated. Cell volume decreased with increasing pCO2, whereas intracellular C, N, and P concentrations increased with increasing pCO2 only under high iron conditions. Si:C, Si:N, and Si:P ratios decreased with increasing pCO2. It reflects higher production of net C, N, and P with no corresponding change in net Si production under high pCO2 and high iron conditions. In contrast, significant linear relationships between measured parameters and pCO2 were rarely detected under low iron conditions. We conclude that the increasing CO2 levels could affect on the biogeochemical cycling of bioelements selectively under the iron-replete conditions in the coastal ecosystems.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biogenic silica; Biogenic silica, per cell; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, intracellular; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Phosphorus ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell biovolume; Cell density; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, intracellular; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chlorophyll a production per cell; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Iron, dissolved, inorganic; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Micro-nutrients; Net nitrogen production rate; Net phosphorus production; Net silicon production; Nitrogen, intracellular; Nitrogen, particulate; Nitrogen, particulate, per cell; Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphorus, intracellular; Phosphorus, organic, particulate, per cell; Phosphorus, particulate; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Silicon/Carbon, molar ratio; Silicon/Nitrogen, molar ratio; Silicon/Phosphorus ratio; Silicon per surface area; Single species; Species; Surface area; Temperature, water; Thalassiosira weissflogii; Time in days; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1179 data points
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  • 6
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    The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel | Supplement to: Zhang, Yong; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Schulz, Kai Georg; Riebesell, Ulf (2015): The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, 60(6), 2145-2157, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10161
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Global change leads to a multitude of simultaneous modifications in the marine realm among which shoaling of the upper mixed layer, leading to enhanced surface layer light intensities, as well as increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are some of the most critical environmental alterations for phytoplankton. In this study, we investigated the responses of growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to elevated inline image (51 Pa, 105 Pa, and 152 Pa) (1 Pa ~ 10 µatm) at a variety of light intensities (50-800 µmol photons/m**2/s). By fitting the light response curve, our results showed that rising inline image reduced the maximum rates for growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification. Increasing light intensity enhanced the sensitivity of these rate responses to inline image, and shifted the inline image optima toward lower levels. Combining the results of this and a previous study (Sett et al. 2014) on the same strain indicates that both limiting low inline image and inhibiting high inline image levels (this study) induce similar responses, reducing growth, carbon fixation and calcification rates of G. oceanica. At limiting low light intensities the inline image optima for maximum growth, carbon fixation and calcification are shifted toward higher levels. Interacting effects of simultaneously occurring environmental changes, such as increasing light intensity and ocean acidification, need to be considered when trying to assess metabolic rates of marine phytoplankton under future ocean scenarios.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Electron transport rate, relative; Electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; Experimental treatment; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Initial slope of rapid light curve; Initial slope of rapid light curve, standard deviation; Light:Dark cycle; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 378 data points
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  • 7
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    Reduced resilience of a globally distributed coccolithophore to ocean acidification: Confirmed up to 2000 generations (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jin, Peng; Gao, Kunshan (2016): Reduced resilience of a globally distributed coccolithophore to ocean acidification: Confirmed up to 2000 generations. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 103(1-2), 101-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.039
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA), induced by rapid anthropogenic CO2 rise and its dissolution in seawater, is known to have consequences for marine organisms. However, knowledge on the evolutionary responses of phytoplankton to OA has been poorly studied. Here we examined the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica, while growing it for 2000 generations under ambient and elevated CO2 levels. While OA stimulated growth in the earlier selection period (from generations 700 to 1550), it reduced it in the later selection period up to 2000 generations. Similarly, stimulated production of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen reduced with increasing selection period and decreased under OA up to 2000 generations. The specific adaptation of growth to OA disappeared in generations 1700 to 2000 when compared with that at 1000 generations. Both phenotypic plasticity and fitness decreased within selection time, suggesting that the species' resilience to OA decreased after 2000 generations under high CO2 selection.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Generation; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Plasticity; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Registration number of species; Response, direct; Responses, correlated; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 25329 data points
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  • 8
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    The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhang, Yong; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Schulz, Kai Georg; Riebesell, Ulf (2015): The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, 60(6), 2145-2157, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10161
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Global change leads to a multitude of simultaneous modifications in the marine realm among which shoaling of the upper mixed layer, leading to enhanced surface layer light intensities, as well as increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are some of the most critical environmental alterations for phytoplankton. In this study, we investigated the responses of growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to elevated inline image (51 Pa, 105 Pa, and 152 Pa) (1 Pa = 10 µatm) at a variety of light intensities (50-800 µmol photons/m**2/s). By fitting the light response curve, our results showed that rising inline image reduced the maximum rates for growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification. Increasing light intensity enhanced the sensitivity of these rate responses to inline image, and shifted the inline image optima toward lower levels. Combining the results of this and a previous study (Sett et al. 2014) on the same strain indicates that both limiting low inline image and inhibiting high inline image levels (this study) induce similar responses, reducing growth, carbon fixation and calcification rates of G. oceanica. At limiting low light intensities the inline image optima for maximum growth, carbon fixation and calcification are shifted toward higher levels. Interacting effects of simultaneously occurring environmental changes, such as increasing light intensity and ocean acidification, need to be considered when trying to assess metabolic rates of marine phytoplankton under future ocean scenarios.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Initial slope of rapid light curve; Initial slope of rapid light curve, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light; Light intensity; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximal electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 882 data points
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  • 9
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    Differing responses of three Southern Ocean Emiliania huxleyi ecotypes to changing seawater carbonate chemistry (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Müller, Marius N; Trull, Tom W; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M (2015): Differing responses of three Southern Ocean Emiliania huxleyi ecotypes to changing seawater carbonate chemistry. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 531, 81-90, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11309
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The invasion of anthropogenic carbon dioxide into the surface ocean is altering seawater carbonate speciation, a process commonly called ocean acidification. The high latitude waters of the Southern Ocean are one of the primary and most severely affected regions. Coccolithophores are an important phytoplankton group, responsible for the majority of pelagic calcium carbonate production in the world's oceans, with a distribution that ranges from tropical to polar waters. Emiliania huxleyi is numerically the most abundant coccolithophore species and appears in several different ecotypes. We tested the effects of ocean acidification on 3 carefully selected E. huxleyi ecotypes isolated from the Southern Ocean. Their responses were measured in terms of growth, photosynthesis, calcification, cellular geometry, and stoichiometry. The 3 ecotypes exhibited differing sensitivities in regards to seawater carbonate chemistry when cultured at the same temperature (14°C) and continuous light (110 µmol photons/m2/s). Under future ocean acidification scenarios, particulate inorganic to organic carbon ratios (PIC:POC) decreased by 38-44, 47-51 and 71-98% in morphotype A 'over-calcified' (A o/c), A and B/C, respectively. All ecotypes reduced their rate of calcification, but the cold-water adapted ecotype (morphotype B/C) was by far the most sensitive, and almost ceased calcification at partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( pCO2) levels above 1000 µatm. We recommend that future surveys for E. huxleyi cells in the Southern Ocean should include the capability of recognising 'naked cells' by molecular and microscopic tools. The distinct differences in the physiological responses of these 3 dominant Southern Ocean coccolithophore ecotypes are likely to have consequences for future coccolithophore community structures and thereby the Southern Ocean carbon cycle.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Cell, diameter; Cell, diameter, standard deviation; Cell biovolume; Cell biovolume, standard deviation; Chromista; Coccoliths, diameter; Coccoliths, diameter, standard deviation; Coccoliths, volume; Coccoliths, volume, standard deviation; Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Strain; Temperature, water; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2082 data points
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  • 10
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    CLAM age model and pollen profile of sediment core W8709A-8 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abies; Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; Accumulation model; ACER; Alnus; Asteraceae; Betula; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Chenopodiaceae; Classical age-modeling approach, CLAM (Blaauw, 2010); Corylus; Counting, palynology; Cupressaceae/Taxaceae/Taxodiaceae; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Myrica; PC; Picea; Pinus; Piston corer; Poaceae; Pseudotsuga; Quercus; Sample ID; Sequoia; Tsuga heterophylla; Tsuga mertensiana; Type of age model; W8709A; W8709A-8; Wecoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2712 data points
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