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  • Ecology  (3,649)
  • Iran  (2,808)
  • 2020-2022  (5,698)
  • 2015-2019  (348)
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  • 1
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    A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 195-213
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Scleria (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) in Madagascar is presented. Herbarium specimens have been examined and 422 identified to species level. Our results recognise 25 species of Scleria from Madagascar, plus an additional heterotypic variety. Eight species are endemic to Madagascar, two are near endemic, eight taxa are also found on mainland Africa, and eight are widespread tropical taxa. Scleria achtenii is reported from Madagascar for the first time, and S. rosea is accepted at species level instead of being considered as a synonym of S. trialata. Distribution maps, conservation assessments, and notes on synonymy, ecology and ethnobotany are provided. Fourty-seven names are typified. Three rare endemic species: S. andringitrensis, S. madagascariensis and S. perpusilla, are assessed as threatened; and a recently described species, S. ankaratrensis, is indicated as Data Deficient. The most species-rich infrageneric taxa, sections Hypoporum, Abortivae and Foveolidia include 18 taxa in total, and showed strong differences in habitat preference.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; conservation ; Cyperaceae ; endemic species ; identification key ; Madagascar ; revision ; Scleria
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    New combinations in Cenchrus and Urochloa (Gramineae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 214-215
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-06
    Description: Recent taxonomic innovations have led to the inclusion of most of the Brachiaria species in Urochloa and of all Pennisetum species in Cenchrus. Many of the necessary combinations have been made for the West African species, but still nine new combinations and seven lectotypifications are presented here
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Brachiaria ; Cenchrus ; Gramineae ; Pennisetum ; sub-Saharan grasses ; Urochloa
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    In memoriam Peter Hans Hovenkamp (1953–2019) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. v-ix
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-06
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 4
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    Inversodicraea koukoutamba and I. tassing (Podostemaceae), new waterfall species from Guinea, West Africa (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 216-224
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-06
    Description: Two new species of Inversodicraea, I. koukoutamba and I. tassing, both from the Republic of Guinea, are described as new to science, increasing the number of species known in this African genus to 32, making it the most species-diverse among African Podostemaceae. Both species are remarkable, among other features, for their styles. Inversodicraea koukoutamba is only the third species of the genus with 3, not 2 styles, and is unique in the genus, and in the family, in having each style bifurcate. Inversodicraea tassing has styles equal or exceeding the length of the ovary, being nearly twice as long as those of the species which previously was noted for the longest styles in the genus. Both new species are single-site endemics, the first is assessed here as Critically Endangered according to the IUCN 2012 standard, due to the incipient construction of the World Bank backed Koukoutamba hydroelectric dam which threatens several other plant species assessed as Critically Endangered or Endangered. The second species, I. tassing, is assessed as Near Threatened, since there are currently no threats known at present to the single known site.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Bafing River ; conservation ; dams ; extinct ; Guinea ; hydroelectricity ; OMVS ; waterfalls ; World Bank
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 5
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    Novel collophorina-like genera and species from Prunus trees and vineyards in Germany (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 45, pp. 46-67
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Strains with a yeast-like appearance were frequently collected in two surveys on the biodiversity of fungi in Germany, either associated with necroses in wood of Prunus trees in orchards in Saxony, Lower Saxony and Baden-Württemberg or captured in spore traps mounted on grapevine shoots in a vineyard in Rhineland-Palatinate. The morphology of the strains was reminiscent of the genus Collophorina: all strains produced aseptate conidia on integrated conidiogenous cells directly on hyphae, on discrete phialides, adelophialides and by microcyclic conidiation, while in some strains additionally endoconidia or conidia in conidiomata were observed. Blastn searches with the ITS region placed the strains in the Leotiomycetes close to Collophorina spp. Analyses based on morphological and multi-locus sequence data (LSU, ITS, EF-1α, GAPDH) revealed that the 152 isolates from wood of Prunus spp. belong to five species including C. paarla, C. africana and three new species. A further ten isolates from spore traps belonged to seven new species, of which one was isolated from Prunus wood as well. However, a comparison with both LSU and ITS sequence data of these collophorina-like species with reference sequences from further Leotiomycetes revealed the genus Collophorina to be polyphyletic and the strains to pertain to several genera within the Phacidiales. Collophorina paarla and C. euphorbiae are transferred to the newly erected genera Pallidophorina and Ramoconidiophora, respectively. The new genera Capturomyces, Variabilispora and Vexillomyces are erected to accommodate five new species isolated from spore traps. In total nine species were recognised as new to science and described as Collophorina badensis, C. germanica, C. neorubra, Capturomyces funiculosus, Ca. luteus, Tympanis inflata, Variabilispora flava, Vexillomyces palatinus and V. verruculosus.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Collophora ; morphology ; multi-locus phylogeny ; new taxa ; species diversity ; systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Patterns of coevolution between ambrosia beetle mycangia and the Ceratocystidaceae, with five new fungal genera and seven new species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 41-66
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Ambrosia beetles farm specialised fungi in sapwood tunnels and use pocket-like organs called mycangia to carry propagules of the fungal cultivars. Ambrosia fungi selectively grow in mycangia, which is central to the symbiosis, but the history of coevolution between fungal cultivars and mycangia is poorly understood. The fungal family Ceratocystidaceae previously included three ambrosial genera (Ambrosiella, Meredithiella, and Phialophoropsis), each farmed by one of three distantly related tribes of ambrosia beetles with unique and relatively large mycangium types. Studies on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary histories of these three genera were expanded with the previously unstudied ambrosia fungi associated with a fourth mycangium type, that of the tribe Scolytoplatypodini. Using ITS rDNA barcoding and a concatenated dataset of six loci (28S rDNA, 18S rDNA, tef1-α, tub, mcm7, and rpl1), a comprehensive phylogeny of the family Ceratocystidaceae was developed, including Inodoromyces interjectus gen. & sp. nov., a non-ambrosial species that is closely related to the family. Three minor morphological variants of the pronotal disk mycangium of the Scolytoplatypodini were associated with ambrosia fungi in three respective clades of Ceratocystidaceae: Wolfgangiella gen. nov., Toshionella gen. nov., and Ambrosiella remansi sp. nov. Closely-related species that are not symbionts of ambrosia beetles are accommodated by Catunica adiposa gen. & comb. nov. and Solaloca norvegica gen. & comb. nov. The divergent morphology of the ambrosial genera and their phylogenetic placement among non-ambrosial genera suggest three domestication events in the Ceratocystidaceae. Estimated divergence dates for the ambrosia fungi and mycangia suggest that Scolytoplatypodini mycangia may have been the first to acquire Ceratocystidaceae symbionts and other ambrosial fungal genera emerged shortly after the evolution of new mycangium types. There is no evidence of reversion to a non-ambrosial lifestyle in the mycangial symbionts.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; 14 new taxa ; Microascales ; Scolytinae ; symbiosis ; two new typifications
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of Amauroderma s. lat. (Ganodermataceae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 206-239
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and doublewalled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF) and the β-tubulin gene (TUB). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma. The classification of Amauroderma s.lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa, and Sanguinoderma are also provided.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Ganodermataceae ; morphology ; phylogeny ; Polyporales ; ultrastructure
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    Phylogeny and species delimitation of Strobilomyces (Boletaceae), with an emphasis on the Asian species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 113-139
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: Strobilomyces is broadly distributed geographically and serves an important ecological function. However, it has been difficult to delimit species within the genus, primarily due to developmental variations and phenotypic plasticity. To elucidate phylogenetic relationships among species within the genus and to understand its species diversity, especially in Asia, materials of the genus collected from five continents (Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North/Central America) were investigated. The phylogeny of Strobilomyces was reconstructed based on nucleotide sequences of four genes coding for: the largest and the second largest subunits of the RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2); the translation elongation factor subunit 1-α (TEF1); and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 3 (COX3). The combined results based on molecular phylogenetics, morphological characters, host tree associations, and geographical distribution patterns support a new classification consisting of two sections, sect. Strobilomyces and sect. Echinati. Using the genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) approach, at least 33 phylogenetic species in Asia can be delimited, all of which are supported by morphological features, and five phylogenetic species remain to be described. The mountainous region of Southwest China is especially special, containing at least 21 species and likely represents a centre of diversification. We further compared our specimens with the type specimens of 25 species of Strobilomyces. Our comparisons suggest that, there are a total of 31 distinct species, while S. sanmingensis, S. verruculosus, S. subnigricans, and S. zangii/S. areolatus, are synonyms of S. mirandus, S. giganteus, S. alpinus and S. seminudus, respectively. Eight new species, namely, S. albidus, S. anthracinus, S. calidus, S. cingulatus, S. densisquamosus, S. douformis, S. microreticulatus and S. pinophilus, are described. A dichotomous key to the Asian Strobilomyces species is provided.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Boletes ; ectomycorrhizal fungi ; infrageneric treatment ; morphological characters ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Resurrecting the genus Geomorium: Systematic study of fungi in the genera Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya (Pezizales) with the description of three new South American species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 98-112
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Molecular phylogenetic analyses have addressed the systematic position of several major Northern Hemisphere lineages of Pezizales but the taxa of the Southern Hemisphere remain understudied. This study focuses on the molecular systematics and taxonomy of Southern Hemisphere species currently treated in the genera Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya. Species in these genera have been identified as the monophyletic /gymnohydnotrya lineage, but no further research has been conducted to determine the evolutionary origin of this lineage or its relationship with other Pezizales lineages. Here, we present a phylogenetic study of fungal species previously described in Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya, with sampling of all but one described species. We revise the taxonomy of this lineage and describe three new species from the Patagonian region of South America. Our results show that none of these Southern Hemisphere species are closely related to Underwoodia columnaris, the type species of the genus Underwoodia. Accordingly, we recognize the genus Geomorium described by Spegazzini in 1922 for G. fuegianum. We propose the new family, Geomoriaceae fam. nov., to accommodate this phylogenetically and morphologically unique Southern Hemisphere lineage. Molecular dating estimated that Geomoriaceae started to diverge from its sister clade Tuberaceae c. 112 MYA, with a crown age for the family in the late Cretaceous (c. 67 MYA). This scenario fits well with a Gondwanan origin of the family before the split of Australia and South America from Antarctica during the Paleocene-Eocene boundary (c. 50 MYA).
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Geomoriaceae ; Helvellaceae ; Patagonia ; South American fungi ; truffle systematics ; Tuberaceae
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    Fungal pathogens occurring on Orthopterida in Thailand (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 140-160
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Clavicipitaceae ; Cordycipitaceae ; entomopathogenic fungi ; new taxa ; Ophiocordycipitaceae ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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