ALBERT

Description: research

Description: Nach dem Streit um die Lieferung und den Besitz von Eisenstein zwischen Johannes, Abt des Klosters Grünhain, und Ernst II. von Schönburg, erließ Johannes mit Unterstützung von Kurfürst Johann Friedrich I. 1534 eine Bergordnung für den Eisensteinbergbau am Emmler und dem Hutstein.

Description: source

Description: thesis

Description: research

Description: The Alfred Wegener Institute operates two stations in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. The German overwintering station Neumayer III is located on the Ekström Ice Shelf at 70°40’S and 08°16’W and is the logistics base for three long-term observatories (meteorology, air chemistry and geophysics) and nearby research activities. Due to the vicinity to the coast (ca. 20 km from the ice shelf edge), the Neumayer III Station is the junction for many German Antarctic expeditions, especially as the starting point for the supply traverse for the second German station Kohnen. The summer station Kohnen is located about 600 km from the coast and 750 km from Neumayer III Station on the Antarctic plateau at 75°S and 00°04’E. It was erected as the base for the deep-drilling ice core project, which took place between 2001 and 2006. Since then Kohnen Station is used as a logistics base for different research projects.

Description: Due to the remoteness and di culty to access the snow covered polar regions, ski-equipped aircraft are an indispensable tool for polar research. The Alfred Wegener Institute has a long tradition in airborne polar science – starting with the aircraft Polar1 and Polar2 in 1983. In 2007 the rst Basler BT-67 (Polar5) and in 2011 the second Basler BT-67 (Polar6) were brought into service and replaced Polar2 and Polar4. They carry a variety of scienti c equipment for investigation of the lithosphere, atmosphere and cryosphere and all their interactions. Beside being deployed for science missions, the aircraft are also part of the Dronning Maud Land Air Network (DROMLAN), a logistical partnership to transport equipment and personnel to various stations in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica.

Description: Over the past two decades, the airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system has become a useful tool for acquiring high-resolution topographic data, especially in active tectonics studies. Analyzing Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) from LiDAR exposes morpho-structural elements, aiding in the understanding of fault zones, among other applications. Despite its effectiveness, challenges persist in regions with rapid deformation, dense vegetation, and human impact. We propose an adapted workflow transitioning from the conventional airborne LiDAR system to the usage of drone-based LiDAR technology for higher-resolution data acquisition. Additionally, drones offer a more cost-effective solution, both in an initial investment and ongoing operational expenses. Our goal is to demonstrate how drone-based LiDAR enhances the identification of active deformation features, particularly for earthquake-induced surface faulting. To evaluate the potential of our technique, we conducted a drone-based LiDAR survey in the Casamicciola Terme area, north of Ischia Island, Italy, known for the occurrence of destructive shallow earthquakes, including the 2017 Md = 4 event. We assessed the quality of our acquired DTM by comparing it with existing elevation datasets for the same area. We discuss the advantages and limitations of each DTM product in relation to our results, particularly when applied to fault mapping. By analyzing derivative DTM products, we identified the fault scarps within the Casamicciola Holocene Graben (CHG) and mapped its structural geometry in detail. The analysis of both linear and areal geomorphic features allowed us to identify the primary factors influencing the current morphological arrangement of the CHG area. Our detailed map depicts a nested graben formed by two main structures (the Maio and Sentinella faults) and minor internal faults (the Purgatorio and Nizzola faults). High-resolution DEMs acquired by drone-based LiDAR facilitated detailed studies of the geomorphology and fault activity. A similar approach can be applied in regions where the evidence of high slip-rate faults is difficult to identify due to vegetation cover and inaccessibility.

Description: Published

Description: 1899

Description: OST3 Vicino alla faglia

Description: JCR Journal

Description: More than forty years after the 23 November 1980 earthquake, which devastated the Campania and Basilicata regions, causing the destruction of a large number of towns and the death of around three thousand people, we have tried, through a large survey, to understand how and to what extent the urban fabric and the most affected communities have been rebuilt. Our main objective was to show, on one side, the commitment of the scientific community, and on the other the transitions that have led from the emergency to reconstruction. Of the Apenninic towns Conza della Campania, Laviano, Lioni, Santomenna, and others, where the devastation was almost total, we have tried to give an iconographic vision of the post-earthquake phase through the change in the urban layout. The partial or total reconstruction of the towns has taken place most of the time in situ, only in some cases by relocating buildings to neighboring areas, as happened in Conza della Campania, Bisaccia and Romagnano al Monte. Reconstruction was carried out mainly of anti-seismic buildings and only in some cases recovering preexisting buildings in historic centres; reconstruction was completed after a very long period, in some cases lasting over thirty years, inevitably passing through a dramatic experience of the population in temporary settlements of various kinds, from tents, caravans, railway carriages, to containers, and finally to thermo-igloos and to prefabricated wooden chalet-type. A very complex and detailed reconstruction was linked to factors not only territorial, economic and political but also conditioned unfortunately by the non-negligible intervention of organized crime.

Description: Published

Description: 103-130

Description: N/A or not JCR

Description: Foraminifera are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that live individually autonomous in the sea (Hottinger, 2005). They form mechanically resistant tests, either by gluing material found in the environment or by secreting organic or calcareous shells. Along with the test, main characteristic of foraminifera are their pseudopodia emerging from the cell body through multiple apertures. Foraminifera are extremely abundant in marine sediments, which makes them useful in recent and fossil paleoenvironmental studies. The first simple forms of foraminifera appeared in Cambrian and since provide a long and well recorded evolutionary record throughout Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic (BouDagher‐ Fadel, 2008). Based on life strategy, foraminifera are divided in two groups: benthic and planktonic foraminifera. Planktonic foraminifera passively float through the waters of open oceans moved by currents. Benthic foraminifera live on the sea floor; on the surface, buried into the sediment, or attached to plants, rocks or sediment particles. Based on their size and internal morphological structure benthic foraminifera can be divided into two groups; smaller and larger benthic foraminifera. The main criteria for identifying LBF is the complex internal structure which evolved to efficiently host photosymbionts, the key elements in the ecology of LBF. The symbiotic algae utilize the waste product of the foraminifera, allowing them to efficiently recycle of nutrients and to facilitate calcification (Ross, 1974; Leutenegger, 1984). This life strategy, LBF as a greenhouse, limits their occurrences to photic zone since algal symbionts are dependent on light for photosynthesis (Leutenegger, 1984). Besides light levels, the distribution and abundance of LBF is determined by relatively well‐known parameters, including hydrodynamic energy, water temperature, salinity, food availability and substrate type (Hottinger, 1983; Hohenegger, 1994; Renema, 2006). Therefore, the assemblage composition of fossil LBF can provide important and valuable data for paleoenvironmental reconstructions (Hallock and Glenn, 1986; Renema and Troelstra, 2001). Present day Southeast Asia represents the region that supports the most diverse marine ecosystems on Earth. The origin of this biodiversity is still unresolved, but it is proposed to be present at least since the Early Miocene (Renema et al., 2008). Therefore, the data acquired from the fossil assemblages may contribute to our understanding of this biodiversity hotspot. In this thesis Miocene LBF were investigated in order to provide new insights regarding their biostratigraphy and depositional paleonvironments of Indonesia. The focus of the research includes mixed carbonate‐siliciclastic (MCS) systems of the Kutai Basin in East Kalimantan. However, to provide a comparative model with the blue‐water systems (Wilson, 2012), the study also included localities from Bulu Formation with carbonate platform deposits in Central Java. Until recently, MCS systems were considered to be environments inhospitable for carbonate producers compared to the blue‐water marine systems, and hence were often neglected in biodiversity studies (Friedman, 1988). However, recent studies reveal high biodiversity in these turbid water settings, including corals (Santodomingo et al., in press), LBF (Novak and Renema, in press), algae (Rosler et al., in press), and bryozoans (Di Martino and Taylor, 2014). The Kutai Basin was a host for the development of numerous MCS systems, with a peak of their deposition during the Miocene (Wilson and Rosen, 1998; Wilson, 2005). Herein MCS systems are defined as in situ mixing (Mount, 1984) with the carbonate fraction consisting of autochthonous or parautochthonous death assemblages of calcareous organisms accumulated on or within siliciclastic substrates. In these systems LBF are important contributors to carbonate production, and combined with their high tolerance of terrigenous input, individually they are the most suitable taxa for paleoenvironmental reconstruction and interpretation in MCS systems (Lokier et al., 2009; Novak et al., 2013). By investigating LBF assemblages of Miocene MCS systems of the Kutai Basin by updating their biostratigraphy, providing environmental reconstructions, and comparing them with contemporaneous carbonate platform deposits, this research helps in untangling the origins of the Indo‐Pacific biodiversity hotspot.

Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Scleria (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) in Madagascar is presented. Herbarium specimens have been examined and 422 identified to species level. Our results recognise 25 species of Scleria from Madagascar, plus an additional heterotypic variety. Eight species are endemic to Madagascar, two are near endemic, eight taxa are also found on mainland Africa, and eight are widespread tropical taxa. Scleria achtenii is reported from Madagascar for the first time, and S. rosea is accepted at species level instead of being considered as a synonym of S. trialata. Distribution maps, conservation assessments, and notes on synonymy, ecology and ethnobotany are provided. Fourty-seven names are typified. Three rare endemic species: S. andringitrensis, S. madagascariensis and S. perpusilla, are assessed as threatened; and a recently described species, S. ankaratrensis, is indicated as Data Deficient. The most species-rich infrageneric taxa, sections Hypoporum, Abortivae and Foveolidia include 18 taxa in total, and showed strong differences in habitat preference.