ALBERT

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Compact formulae for the transformation of Spherical Harmonics under Rotation and Translation are developed. The results are discussed in view of their possible applications to problems of Celestial Mechanics, Satellite Geodesy and to the theory of the Geopotential. The formula for product-sum conversion is developed independently of the use of Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients. The problem of solving the geopotential at the surface of the earth ice terms of the radius of the geoid is analysed.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: During the winter of 1973 - 74 a mobile infrared thermography system was used to survey the USA CRREL building at Hanover, New Hampshire. This report provides a description of excessive heat losses at several locations around the building. This report also discusses the need to carefully monitor meteorological conditions before starting a survey of a building exterior to determine if solar radiation decay from the building surface might interfere with thermographic analysis by masking the heat emanating from within the building.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - USA CRREL project and personnel involvement. - Part I. Introduction. - Background. - Literature review. - Part II. CRREL investigations from 1970 - 1974. - Initial literature survey (1970). - Oil detection kit development. - Survey of Cape Simpson, Alaska, natural crude oil seepages (1970). - Haines-Fairbanks military pipeline investigations (1971-1973). - Barrow investigations (1970-1974). - Fairbanks and Fox investigations. - Germination studies. - Physiological studies. - Dispersant studies. - Microbiological investigations. - Field investigations of accidental petroleum losses. - Part III. Recent related literature. - Part IV. Conclusions and recommendations. - USA CRREL reports, publications and presentations on Alaska oil spill research. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Knowledge concerning the biological effects of oil pollution on arctic and subarctic terrestrial ecosystems is limited. USA CRREL research personnel conducted investigations from 1970 through 1974 to expand information in this field. Objectives were to: 1) define the ecosystems most sensitive to the presence of crude oil or its refined products, 2) quantify and understand the injury response, and 3) establish time frames for manifestation of damage and natural restorative processes in arctic and subarctic regions. This was accomplished through: 1) surveys of natural oil seepages and past accidential spills in the Arctic and Subarctic, 2) initiation of controlled oil spills and 3) detailed laboratory investigations. Results demonstrated that terrestrial oil spills will to some degree be detrimental to both arctic and subarctic plant communities. Degree and longevity of damage will be influenced primarily by the magnitude of the spill, season of occurrence and existing soil moisture content. Rapid recovery of plant communities subjected to spills will occur only if root systems remain relatively unaffected. Damage will be more extensive and long-term when root systems are saturated with oil. Effects of damage will be manifested gradually over several seasons being influenced by winter stresses. Variation does exist in plant species susceptibility. Carex aquatilis, a predominant sedge of the arctic, is markedly resistant to crude oil damage. In the taiga Picea mariana is very susceptible. Plant recovery can be enhanced through the application of fertilizer. Fertilization, in addition to its direct effect on plant nutrition, will stimulate microbial decomposition of crude oil.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Discussion of heat loss survey of six housing units. - Survey of base facilities. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: During the winter of 1973-74 a mobile infrared thermography system was used to survey housing units and base facilities at Pease Air Force Base, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. This report provides both qualitative and quantitative evidence regarding heat flow out of the eave vents of these housing units. Calculations indicate that a significant amount of heat is being lost in this manner due to inadequate attic (cap) insulation. Possible evidence of incomplete ventilation could explain the presence of condensation in the housing units. Analyses of thermograms are presented to show the possible existence of low and high pressure areas around a structure and how they relate to heat loss.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Content: Aurores boreales / par Carlheim-Gyllenskiöld. - Électricité atmosphérique / par S. A. Andrée. - Phénomènes optiques de l'atmosphère, avec quelques remarques sur les Étoiles filantes, le spectre des Copépodes, l'accroissement des brins d'orge / par Carlheim-Gyllenskiöld. - Recherches sur le prétendu changement de la couleur de la peau après un hivernage dans les régions polaires / exécutées par R. Gyllencreutz, communiquées par Frithiof Holmgren.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A 4-summer hydrologic record from a 1.6 km^2 drainage basin at Barrow, Alaska is analyzed. The watershed, a drained lake basin, is underlain by continuous permafrost within 0.3m of the tundra surface and is covered by ice-wedge polygons and numerous small shallow ponds. Considerable variations from the 20-yr means of summer climate (thaw period 88 days, precipitation 67 mm) are represented in the data: 1963 - cold, extremely wet; 1964 - cold, extremely dry; 1965 - cool, dry; 1966 - cool, wet. Runoff varied greatly from storm to storm, occurring primarily through and over the tundra mat and through an intricate system of polygonal troughs and ponds. As a result of the subdued coastal topography, varying areas (0.3 km^2 to 1.6 km^2) contribute to runoff from different storms. Analyses of hydrographs revealed: 1) lag times generally from 3 to 10 hr; 2) recession constants of about 50 hr, but occasionally as much as 160 hr; and 3) runoff from individual storms between 1 and 70%. About 5% of the thaw season precipitation normally runs off. Comparison of total thaw season precipitation between the U.S. Weather Bureau and a shielded gage located on the watershed indicated no major differences. If "trace" precipitation is considered, only 90% of the actual precipitation may be recorded. Pan evaporation for an average thaw season is about 160 mm and evapotranspiration which is essentially in balance with precipitation is about 60 mm. Conductivity of runoff water varied from 250 [My]mhos during sustained discharge to more than 500 [My]mhos during low flows in dry years. Precipitation chemistry showed no correlation with storm direction. Assuming all winter precipitation runs off, and the data are spatially and temporally representative, about 50% of the measured annual precipitation in this region runs off into the Arctic Ocean.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Table des matières: TOME 1 MÉTÉOROLOGIE. - Introduction. - Observation météorologique. - Pression atmosphérique. - Température de l'air. - Température sur le sol. - Température du sol: 1° à 0,4 m., 2° à 0,8 m. et 3° à 1,6 m. de profondeur. - Humidité de l'air. - Direction et vitesse du vent. - Nébulosité, forme et direction des nuages, hydrométéores. Eau tombée. - Evaporation de l'eau douce. - Température sur le sol et à 6 cm. de profondeur. - Température de l'eau de la rivière. - Remarque diverses; couches des nuages à hauteur différente. - Observations météorologiques de l'année 1883-84 faites à Sodankylä. - Remarques diverses 1883-84. - Observations météorologiques faites à Kultala. - Remarques diverses. - Aperçu général de moyennes mensuelles et de variations diurnes: variation de la pression atmosphérique, de la température de l'air, de la température sur le sol, de l'humidité de l'air, de la vitesse du vent, de la nébulosité et de l'eau tombée. - Fréquence des vents. - Les années 1882 - 83 et 1883 - 84 au point de vue météorologique. - TOME 2 MAGNÉTISME TERRESTRE. - Déterminations magnétiques absolues. - Observations des variations magnétiques. - Réduction des observations en valeurs absolues. - Déterminations des constants pour les instruments de variation à Kultala. - Déterminations magnétiques absolues faites à quelques endroits pendant le voyage. - Remarques sur les tableaux. - Observations mangnétiques 1882-1883. - Déclinaison. - Intensité horizontale. - Intensité verticale. - Observations-termes magnétiques 1882-1883. - Variations des éléments magnétiques pendant les jours termes. - Observations faites de 20 secondes en 20 sec. pendant les jours termes. - Observations magnétiques 1883-1884. - Observations horaires des éléments magnétiques à 5h a. m., 1h p. m. et 9h p. m. temps moyen de Göttingue. - Observations-termes magnétiques 1883-1884. - Variations des éléments magnétiques pendant les jours termes. - Variations des éléments magnétiques observées chaque demi-minute de 8h 30m à 10h 30m p. m. le 1er, 8me, 15me et 22me du chaque mois. - Variations des éléments magnétiques observées chaque demi-minute pendant une heure au soir avant les jour-termes suivantes: 1 janvier de 6h à 7h p.m., 14 janvier 7h-8h p. m., 31 janvier 8h-9h p. m., 14 février 9h-10h p. m., 29 février 10h-11h p. m. et 14 mars 11h-12h p. m. - Perturbations magnétiques observées. - Observations magnétique faites à Kultala. - Tableaux des variations magnétiques diurnes observées pendant les jours sans perturbations, conformément au projet de M. Wild. - Planches. - 1. Courbes représentant les moyennes des variations magnétiques diurnes pendant les jours sans perturbations, conformément au projet de M. Wild. - 2. Suite de courbes précédentes et courbes représentant les moyennes des moyennes précédentes.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - List of symbols. - Introduction. - Previous work. - Experimental design. - The radioisotope 22Na. - Description of apparatus. - Experimental procedure. - Correction of profiles. - Assumptions. - Decay correction. - Boundary correction. - Error analysis. - Results. - Salinity data. - Temperature data. - Growth velocity. - Discussion. - Brine and ice properties. - Brine salinity. - Brine density. - Brine volume. - Brine latent heat of freezing. - Brine viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity. - Ice properties. - Theoretical brine expulsion model. - Continuity equations. - Thermal energy equation. - Simplified brine expulsion equations. - Brine expulsion in NaCl ice. - Results. - Discussion. - Gravity drainage in NaCl ice. - Application of results to natural sea ice. - Effective distribution coefficient. - Previous work. - Experimental procedure and results. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Profile correction data. - Appendix B: Program "correct" and sample output. - Appendix C: Tabulation of salinity data. - Appendix D: Tabulation of profile data. - Appendix E: Time-ice thickness equations (Runs 2 and 3). - Appendix F: Tabulation of distribution coefficient data.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: To obtain a better understanding of the desalination of natural sea ice, an experimental technique was developed to measure sequential salinity profiles of a growing sodium chloride ice sheet. Using radioactive 22Na as a tracer, it was possible to determine both the concentration and movement of the brine within the ice without destroying the sample. A detailed temperature and growth history of the ice was also maintained so that the variation of the salinity profiles could be properly interpreted. Since the experimental salinity profile represented a smoothed, rather than a true salinity distribution, a deconvolution method was devised to restore the true salinity profile. This was achieved without any significant loss of end points. In all respects, the salinity profiles are similar to those of natural sea ice. They have a characteristic C-shape, and clearly exhibit the effects of brine drainage. Not knowing the rates of brine expulsion or gravity drainage, the variation of the salinity profiles during the period of ice growth could be explained by either process. To determine the relative importance of the desalination mechanisms, a theoretical brine expulsion model was derived and compared to the experimental data. As input for the model, equations describing the variation of some properties of NaCl brine with temperature were derived. These included the brine salinity, viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and latent heat of freezing. The theoretical brine expulsion model was derived by performing mass and energy balances over a control volume of NaCl ice. A simplified form of the model, when compared to the experimental results, indicated that brine expulsion was only important during the first several hours of ice growth, and later became a minor desalination process relative to gravity drainage which continued to be the dominant mechanism for the remainder of the study period (up to 6 weeks). The rate of gravity drainage was found to be dependent on the brine volume and the temperature gradient of the ice. As either the brine volume or temperature gradient was increased, the rate of change of salinity due to gravity drainage increased. The equation commonly used to calculate the effective distribution coefficient (Weeks and Lofgren 1967) was modified and improved by taking brine drainage into account. An expression was also derived to give the distribution coefficient at very low growth velocities.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Principle of the IR scanner. - Advantages of mobile infrared thermography. - Discussion of field measurements. - Recommendations for future work on thermography of buildings. - Other potential applications of infrared thermography of buildings. - Appendix A: Thermograms of northern exposure of USA CRREL building. - Appendix B: Sample thermograms of heat loss survey at Pease Air Force Base. -Appendix C: Sample thermograms of heat loss survey at Dartmouth College. - Abstract.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A method to assess quickly the insulation effectiveness of buildings using mobile infrared thermography has been developed at USA CRREL. In contrast to the infrared thermography done in Sweden, this method concentrates on obtaining useful data by measuring the outside surface temperature of structures. This report outlines the basic principles involved in these measurements, and discusses field measurements and the inherent advantages of infrared thermography. Typical thermograms are presented in the appendixes.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Summer temperature data. - Station network and history. - Parameters for data reduction. - Analysis of summer temperatures. - Temperature trends. - Summer temperatures in the highlands. - Lapse rates for summer temperatures. - Spatial variation of summer temperatures. - Summary. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. - Appendix B. - Appendix C. - Abstract.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annual degree-day summations over bases of 43°F and 50°F in 15-day periods from May through August are given for the period of record for five interior Alaska climatic stations. Average temperature and precipitation data are included. Patterns of summer temperature in interior Alaska are analyzed in terms of historical, elevational and areal differences. Since 1900, summer temperatures show little long-term change but significant short-term changes. In contrast, winter temperatures show considerable fluctuations, which are reflected in mean annual temperatures to a much greater degree than are summer temperature fluctuations. Average summer lapse rates for the 1600 to 3300 and 3300 to 6600-ft levels were 3.4 and 3.7°F/1000 ft, respectively, based on timberline temperature observations and on upper air data from Fairbanks. Correlation analysis of daily and monthly average July temperatures indicates areas of uniformity with respect to temperature variation. This provides information on lowland climatic stations that are representative of highland locations, especially the Yukon-Tanana Uplands

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Previous work on unsteady rectilinear motion of a sphere. - Experiments with a circular path. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Comparisons of the measured and calculated forces.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Forces on a sphere moving unsteadily along a circular path in a viscous fluid are measured, and it is found that within the experimental range the formula valid for rectilinear motion has to be modified to account for the curvature of the path.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Theory. - Discussion. - Conclusion. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A diffusion equation is obtained that describes the mechanical dispersion of a dilute mixture of solid particles within an ice matrix that is undergoing deformation. It is shown that within the limits of time intervals and strain rates appropriate to the movement of glaciers and ice sheets the dispersal distance usually is no larger than a distance about one order of magnitude greater than the size of the particles themselves.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Theoretical considerations. - Method of canopy evaluation. - Application to forest problems. - Forest blowdown. - Radioactivity gradient. - Phenology. - Forest types and structure. - Distribution of leaves and canopy gaps. - Light quality. - Discussion and summary. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A technique for evaluating forest canopies was developed based on the use of a divergent lens system to obtain hemispherical photographs of tree crowns. The photography was processed from 35 mm film and enlarged as a silhouette, and the light transmission was measured with a specially fabricated macrodensitometer. It is concluded that the amount of forest canopy can be expressed as canopy closure index (CCI) at a precision of approximately 5%. It is shown by application to a variety of problems in diverse geographical areas that this technique can be used for measuring both temporal and spatial changes in the canopy, for estimating the shade light climate, and for specifying the probability of target detection through a canopy. Data are presented to analyze changes caused by explosions, radioactivity, growing season, and vegetation types. The geometry of gaps in tree crowns is discussed and the nature of shade light quality under forests is illustrated.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Theory. - Application to ice sheets and ice shelves. - Summary. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: An analysis is made of the rate of bubble coalescence in a deforming ice mass. A total strain of at least 8 is required before appreciable coalescence occurs, The analysis has.been applied to deforming ice shelves and ice sheets. No appreciable coalescence is expected in ice shelves but coalescence should occur in ice sheets (or glaciers) if the shear strain rate at the bottom surface is of the order of 0.075/yr or larger. Measurements of bubble concentration are capable of setting limits on paleo-strain rates of the present ice sheets. Bubble migration down temperature gradients presents complications to the study of bubble coalescence.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Analytical procedures. - Results and discussion. - Literature cited.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Conductivity measurements have been made on snow and ice samples from pits and deep drillholes at a number of localities in Antarctica and Greenland. Conductivities of the order 1-2 [My]mho/cm only were recorded at the inland sites. Data from deep cores representing more than 1900 years of continuous snow accumulation at Byrd Station, Antarctica, and more than 400 years deposition at Inge Lehmann, Greenland, showed no significant variations of conductivity with time. Measurements of freshly precipitated snow from a single coastal location in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, also yielded relatively low conductivities of the order 3-4 [My]mho/cm. The substantial increase observed in the conductivity of core samples from near the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf at Little America V can be attributed most probably to windborne salts of marine origin that had accumulated on the surface after the snow was deposited. A peak conductivity of 49 [My]mho/cm was recorded in snow estimated to have been deposited within 20 km of the seaward edge of the Ross Ice Shelf and the maritime effect could still be detected in samples deposited more than 40 km from the ice front. For samples deposited at distances of greater than 200 km from the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf conductivities never exceeded 2 [My]mho/cm. The very low conductivities observed in ice cores from near the bottom of the Ross Ice Shelf confirm earlier conclusions based on detailed petrographic studies oi the cores that the 258-m-thick ice shelf at Little America V is composed entirely of glacial ice.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Table des Matières: Aurores boréales observées a Godthaab (1882-83) / Adam Paulsen. - Observations magnétiques faites a Godthaab (1882-83) / Adam Paulsen. - Les températures moyennes de l'eau de mer a la surface, pour les mois d'avril a septembre, sur les routes de la cote nord de l'Écosse a l'ile d'Islande et au Groenland / Adam Paulsen. - Observations météorologiques de Godthaab (1er Aout 1882 - 31 Aout 1883) comparées avec celles qui ont été faites pendant une série d'années sur la cote occidentale du Groenland / Adam F. W. Paulsen. - Flux et reflux de la mer a Godthaab calculés d'après une série d'observations horaires (16 Juillet - 31 Aout 1883) / C. Crone. - La longitude de Godthaab déterminée d'après les observations de MM. Falbe, Bluhme et Ryder / V. Hjort. - Observations de Godthaab / Adam F. W. Paulsen. - Observations météorologiques de Godthaab (1er Aout 1882 - 31 Aout 1883) et de la cote ouest du Groenland / Adam F. W. Paulsen. - Observations météorologiques faites pendant la dérive de la Dijmphna dans la Mer de Kara (1882-1883) / A. P. Hovgaard. - Observations météorologiques et nautiques faites a Nennortalik et a Angmagsalik par les membres de l'expédition de M. Le Capitaine G. Holm pour explorer la cote est du Groenland.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Report of the commanding officer. - Appendices. - 1. War Department order assigning Lieutenant Greely to command. - 2. War Department order organizing the expedition. - 3. Instructions from the Signal Office regarding the expedition. - 4. List of commissary subsistence stores, with remarks thereon. - 5. Records left at and taken from Southeast Cary Island, August, 1881. - 6. Lieutenant Kislingbury's report of trip to Life Boat Cove. - 7. Records taken from and left at Washington Irving Island, August, 1881. - 8. Records obtained at Discovery Harbor, August 1, 1881. - 9. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on Water-course Bay, August, 1881. - 10. Lieutenant Kislingsbury's request to be relieved, with Lieutenant Greely's indorsement. - 11. Orders No. 5, relieving Lieutenant Kislingsbury and ordering him to report to the Chief Signal Officer. - 12. Orders No. 6 amending Orders No. 5. - 13. Lieutenant Kislingsbury's request for modification of Orders No. 6. - 14. Orders No. 8 modifying Orders No. 6. - 15. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on exploration of St. Patrick Valley. - 16. Sergeant Brainard's report establishing Depot B near Cape Beechy. - 17. Sergeant Jewell's meteorological report in connection with trip establishing Depot B. - 18. Sergeant Gardiner's report of trip to Cape Murchison. - 19. Sergeant Linn's report on moving Depot A to Cape Murchison. - 20. Orders to Dr. Pavy for overland journey to Lincoln Bay. - 21. Report of Dr. Pavy on trip to Lincoln Bay. - 22. Report of Lieutenant Lockwood on journey to the Bellows. - 23. Orders to Dr. Pavy on exploring Archer Fiord. - 24. Report of Dr. Pavy on attempted trip down Archer Fiord. - 25. Report of Lieutenant Lockwood on sledge journey to Depot B near Cape Beechy. - 27. Orders to Dr. Pavy to proceed to Cape Joseph Henry. - 28. Report of Dr. Pavy on trip towards Cape Joseph Henry. - 29. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on St. Patrick Valley. - 30. Sergeant Rice's report on camp equipage. - 31. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders to attempt crossing of Robeson Channel. - 32. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on attempted crossing of Robeson Channel. - 33. Dr. Pavy's orders for journey to Wrangel Bay. - 34. Dr. Pavy's report on journey to Wrangel Bay. - 35. Dr. Pavy's supplementary report under Appendices 27 and 33. - 36. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders for preliminary journey to Cape Beechy. - 37. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on journey ordered in Appendix No. 36. - 38. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders for journey to Thank God Harbor. - 39. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on journey ordered in Appendix No. 38. - 40. English records obtained at Thank God Rarbor. - 41. Dr. Pavy's orders to carry provisions to Greenland coast. - 42. Dr. Pavy's report on journey ordered in Appendix No. 41. - 43. Sergeant Brainard's orders to move boat to Greenland coast. - 44. Sergeant Brainard's report on trip ordered in Appendix No. 43. - 45. Sergeant Jewell's report on trip to Lincoln Bay while supporting Dr. Pavy. - 46. Dr. Pavy's orders for journey northward over Polar Ocean. - 47. Dr. Pavy's report on journey ordered in Appendix No. 46. - 48. Sergeant Rice's report on detached trip from Lincoln Bay to Fort Conger and return. - 49. Private Long's report on trip into Archer Fiord. - 50. Sergeant Israel's report on trip into the Bellews. - 51. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders lo explore north coast of Greenland. - 52. Supplementary instructions for exploration of north coast of Greenland. - 53. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on exploration of north coast of Greenland. - 54. Report of Private Biederbick's trip into Black Rock Vale. - 55. Sergeant Linn's report of trip into Black Rock Vale. - 56. Lieutenant Lockwood's report of launch trip up Archer Fiord. - 57. Lieutenant Lockwood's report of launch trip up Chandler Fiord. - 58. Dr. Pavy's orders to proceed to Carl Ritter Bay. - 59. Sergeant Elison's report of trip to Carl Ritter Bay. - 6o. Sergeant Brainard's report of trip to Carl Ritter Bay. - 61. Orders establishing day of "Thanksgiving". - 62. Dr. Pavy's Ietter of March 8, 1883. - 63. Lieutenant Greely's answer to Dr. Pavy's Ietter of March 8, 1883. - 64. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders for preliminary journey northward, 1883. - 65. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on journey ordered in Appendix No. 64. - 66. Sergeant Jewell's report to Lieutenant Lockwood relative to journey ordered in Appendix No. 64. - 67. Orders to Lieutenant Lockwood for exploration of Greenland, 1883. - 68. Sergeant Rice's orders for journey to Thank God Harbor. - 69. Dr. Pavy's orders for journey, as surgeon, to Thank God Harbor. - 70. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on trip to North Greenland. - 71. Sergeant Jewell's report on tidal and meteorological observations made on trip to North Greenland. - 72. Sergeant Rice's report on trip to Thank God Harbor. - 73. Dr. Pavy's medical report on trip to Thank God Harbor. - 74. Orders for Sergeant Jewell for tidal observations at Cape Beechey. - 75. Report of Sergeant Jewell on tidal observations at Cape Beechey. - 76. Orders for Sergeant Gardiner for tidal Observations at Cape Baird. - 77. Orders for Sergeant Israel for astronomical Observations at Cape Baird. - 78. Report of Sergeant Israel on observations ordered in Appendix No. 77. - 79. Report of Sergeant Gardiner on tidal and ice observations at Cape Baird. - 80. Report of Sergeant Jewell on paleocrystic ice. - 81. Orders to Sergeant Jewell for tidal Observations at Cape Beechey. - 82. Report of Sergeant Jewell on tidal Observations at Cape Beechey. - 83. Sergeant Brainard's report on journey to Cape Cracroft. - 84. Sergeant Gardiner's report on journey to Cape Cracroft. - 85. Lieutenant Lockwood's orders to cross Grinnell Land. - 86. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on the crossing of Grinnell Land. - 87. Orders to Dr. Pavy relative to natural history data. - 88. Orders to Dr. Pavy relative to botanical specimens. - 89. Orders to Lieutenant Lockwood to relieve Dr. Pavy as naturalist. - 90. Lieutenant Lockwood's report on natural history specimens received from Dr. Pavy. - 91. Lieutenant Lockwood's Ietter and report on natural history specimens, June 30, 1883. - 92. Sergeant Brainard's report on Lieutenant Lockwood's trip towards the United States Mountain range. - 93. Orders to Lieutenant Lockwood to receive medical stores from Dr. Pavy. - 94 Letter of Dr. Pavy asking the detail of Steward Biederbick. - 95. Reply of Lieutenant Greely to Dr. Pavy's request for detail of Steward Biederbick. - 96. Letter of Dr. Pavy's, dated July 18, 1883. - 97.Answer to Ietter referred to in Appendix No. 96. - 98. Dr. Pavy's refusal to turn over his diary. - 99. Letter transmitting charges to Dr. Pavy. - 100. Letter limiting Dr. Pavy's bounds while in arrest. - 101 Order for the abandonment of station at Fort Conger. - 102. List of subsistence stores abandoned. - 103. Medical reports. - 104. Record left at Cape Baird. - 105. Records left in abandoned boats. - 106. Records found on Brevoort Island ( deposited by Lieutenant Garlington and Private Beebe). - 107. Plan of winter quarters, Camp Clay. - 108. Sergeant Frederick's report of November journey to Cape Isabella. - 109. Lieutenant Kislingsbury's letter, February 19, 1884. - 110. Private Long's journey into Hayes Sound. - 111. Sergeant Frederick's report of journey to Baird Inlet, April, 1884. - 112. Lieutenant Kislingsbury's letter, April 22, 1884. - 113. Letter of Dr. Pavy's, April 25, 1884. - 114. Letter of Dr. Pavy, April 27, 1884. - 115. Lieutenant Greely's certificate to Dr. Pavy. - 116. - General certificate to Dr. Pavy. - 117. Letter of Lieutenant Greely on Dr. Pavy. - 118. - Oder for Private Henry's execution. - 119. Report of Private Henry's execution. - 120. Letter of Secretary of War approving Lieutenant Greely's course regarding execution of Private Henry. - 121. List of deaths. - 122. Order relative to Private Henry, dated June 5, 1884. - 123. Lieutenant Lockwood's journal from August 3, 1883. - 124. Sergeant Brainard's journal from besetment. - 125. Portion of diary of Private Roderick R. Schneider, found on bank of Mississippi River, in Missouri, and correspondence relating thereto with Mr. J. A. Ockerson. - 126. Description of drift-wood. - 127. List of photographs and description of Eskimo relics in photographic plates. - 128 List of maps and charts. - Index to Vol. 1.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Inhalt: 2. BAND: 1. ABTHEILUNG: POLARLICHT- UND SPECTRAL-BEOBACHTUNGEN, durchgeführt und bearbeitet von Linienschiffs-Lieutenant Adolf Bobrik von Boldva. - Einleitung. - Eintheilung des Beobachtungsmaterials. Beschreibung der aufgetretenen Formen und Definition der gebrauchten Ausdrücke. - Intensität des Lichtes. - Färbung der Polarlichterscheinungen. - Zugrichtung und Lichtbewegung. - Position und Höhe. Concentrationspunkt der Strahlen. - Polarlichter im Zusammenhange mit den magnetischen Störungen. - Abbildungen der Polarlichterscheinungen. - Polarlichter. - Tabellarische Zusammenstellungen. - Häufigkeit des Auftretens der verschiedenen Polarlichtformen in den einzelnen Richtungen ; Zugrichtung, Lichtbewegung und Intensität. - Höhe der Polarlichter über der Erdoberfläche ; Zusammenhang mit dem Wetter. - Die tägliche und jährliche Periode des Polarlichtes zu Jan Mayen. - Tabellen I-IX. - Spectralbeobachtungen und Farbe des Polarlichtes. - 2. ABTHEILUNG: MAGNETISCHE BEOBACHTUNGEN, bearbeitet von Linenschiffs-Lieutenant August Gratzl. - Einleitung. - Absolute Bestimmungen. - Declination. - Horizontal-Intensität. - Inclination. - Variationsapparate. - A. Die Wild-Edelmann'schen Apparate. - 1. Das Declinatorium. - 2. Das Bifilar-Magnetometer. - 3. Die Lloyd'sche Wage. - B. Die Lamont-Edelmann'schen Apparate. - 1. Das Unifilar. - 2. Das Unifilar mit Ablenkungsmagneten. - 3. Das Unifilar mit Eisenstäben. - Terminbeobachtungen. - Stündliche Beobachtungen. - Berechnung der Perioden. - Declination. - Horizontal-Intensität. - Vertical-Intensität. - Total-Intensität. - Inclination. - Störungen. - Normaltage. - Zusammenhang zwischen Polarlichtern und magnetischen Störungen. - Zusammenhang zwischen magnetischen Störungen und Sonnenflecken. - Gleichzeitige Änderung der verschiedenen Elemente bei Störungen. - Absolute Bestimmungen in der Umgegend der Station. - Schlusswort. - Tabellen. - Terminbeobachtungen: Termintage, Terminstunden. - Stündliche Beobachtungen der Declination. - Monatsstundenmittel der Declination. - Monatsstundenmittel der Inclination. - Monatsstundenmittel der Total-Intensität. - Stündliche Beobachtungen der Horizontal-Intensität. - Monatsstundenmittel der Horizontal-Intenstität. - Stündliche Beobachtungen der Vertical-Intensität. - Monatsstundenmittel der Vertical-Intensität. - Tagesmittel der Total-Intensität. - Tagesmittel der Inclination. - Zusammenstellung der Abweichungen der Declination. - Zusammenstellung der Abweichungen der Horizontal-Intensität. - Zusammenstellung der Abweichungen der Vertical-Intensität. - 3. BAND: Einleitung, von Dr. Ferndinand Fischer. - VI. THEIL: ZOOLOOGIE. - A. Foraminiferen, bearbeitet von Dr. Victor Uhlig. - B. Poriferen, Anthozoen, Ctenophoren und Würmer, bearbeitet von Dr. Emil von Marenzeller. - C. Polypomedusen, bearbeitet von Dr. Ludwig von Lorenz. - D. Echinodermen, bearbeitet von Dr. Ferdinand Fischer. - E. Crustaceen, Pycnogoniden und Arachnoiden, bearbeitet von Carl Koelbel. - F. Insecten, bearbeitet von Dr. Eduard Becher. - G. Mollusken, bearbeitet von Dr. Eduard Becher. - H. Bryozoen, bearbeitet von Dr. Ludwig von Lorenz. - I. Tunicaten, bearbeitet von Dr. Richard Freiherrn von Drasche. - K. Fische, bearbeitet von Dr. Franz Steindachner. - L. Vögel und Säugetiere, bearbeitet von Dr. F. Fischer und August von Pelzeln. - VII. THEIL: BOTANIK. - A. Flora der Insel Jan Mayen, bearbeitet von Dr. H. W. Reichardt. - B. Untersuchungen einiger Treibhölzer, ausgeführt von Josef Schneider. - VII. THEIL: MINERALOGIE. - Gesteine von Jan Mayen, bearbeitet von Dr. Fritz Berwerth.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Table des matières: Introduction. - Observation météorologique. - Pression atmosphérique. - Température de l'air. - Température sur le sol. - Température du sol: 1° à 0,4 m., 2° à 0,8 m. et 3° à 1,6 m. de profondeur. - Humidité de l'air. - Direction et vitesse du vent. - Nébulosité, forme et direction des nuages, hydrométéores. Eau tombée. - Evaporation de l'eau douce. - Température sur le sol et à 6 cm. de profondeur. - Température de l'eau de la rivière. - Remarque diverses; couches des nuages à hauteur différente. - Observations météorologiques de l'année 1883-84 faites à Sodankylä. - Remarques diverses 1883-84. - Observations météorologiques faites à Kultala. - Remarques diverses. - Aperçu général de moyennes mensuelles et de variations diurnes: variation de la pression atmosphérique, de la température de l'air, de la température sur le sol, de l'humidité de l'air, de la vitesse du vent, de la nébulosité et de l'eau tombée. - Fréquence des vents. - Les années 1882 - 83 et 1883 - 84 au point de vue météorologique.