ALBERT

Description:    Soil is the major sink for majority of pesticides applied on agricultural crops and its fate depends on variety of factors. There is little research on fate of pesticide in field soil under different climatic conditions and there is a need of study on the influence of climate on pesticide degradation and persistence in soil. In the present study, the persistence and distribution of tricyclazole was investigated in rice field soil under the influence of cold winter condition. Field experiment was carried at 35 different field sites from 6 provinces in Republic of Korea. Limit of detection and limit of quantification of tricyclazole were found to be 0.005 and 0.0165 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of tricyclazole in soil samples ranged from 0.387 mg/kg in sites in Gyeongsangbuk-do areas and lowest 0.021 mg/kg in sites from Chuncheongnam-do areas. In natural environmental conditions, tricyclazole persisted longer than 11 months post application in agricultural field soils. Our result indicates the influence of cold climatic condition on the persistence of tricyclazole. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s00128-012-0800-y Authors Seul Ah Jeong, Department of Biological Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 Korea Shree Prasad Thapa, Department of Biological Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 Korea Hong Ryeol Park, EFAP Safety Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 Korea Nam Geon Choi, Consumer Information and Food Safety Division, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Anyang, 433-2 Korea Jang Hyun Hur, Department of Biological Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 Korea Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    Residue dynamics of thiacloprid in cabbage and soil was studied in this paper utilizing liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The field trial was conducted in two sites: Beijing, China and Hubei, China. Thiacloprid dissipated rapidly with the half-life 1.3–1.6 days in cabbage and 2.1–3.1 days in soil. In the terminal residue experiment, no higher residue than 0.06 mg/kg in cabbage and 0.16 mg/kg in soil was detected, which was far below either EU MRL (0.2 mg/kg) or Japan MRL (1 mg/kg). Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-4 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0326-8 Authors Chen Wang, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China Wen-bi Guan, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China Hong-yan Zhang, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    A survey of various pesticide contaminations was performed for water in Yanamune River flowing into Lake Biwa from 1988 to 2009. Ten pesticides (diazinon and fenitrothion as insecticides, iprobenfos and isoprothiolane as fungicides and chlornitrofen, thiobencarb, molinate, bromobutide, simetryne and pretilachlor as herbicides) were selected and concentration changes of the pesticides were evaluated based on their shipment amounts. Yearly maximum concentrations of eight of the pesticides in Yanamune River water were compared with their no observed effect concentration and their predicted no effect concentration values and initial ecological risk assessment was conducted for five pesticides (diazinon, fenitrothion, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane and thiobencarb) by their predicted no effect concentration values. All of the diazinon (0.01–0.28 μg/L) and fenitrothion (0.005–0.31 μg/L) concentrations from 1988 to 2007, the iprobenfos (2.7 and 2.4 μg/L) concentrations in 1988 and 1990 and the thiobencarb (0.24–2.7 μg/L) concentrations in 1988, 1992, 1993 and 1995 exceeded their predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) (0.00026, 0.00021, 1.0 and 0.17 μg/L) values. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0335-7 Authors T. Tsuda, Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, 5-34 Yanagasaki, Ohtsu, Shiga, 520-0022 Japan T. Igawa, Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, 5-34 Yanagasaki, Ohtsu, Shiga, 520-0022 Japan K. Tanaka, Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, 5-34 Yanagasaki, Ohtsu, Shiga, 520-0022 Japan D. Hirota, Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, 5-34 Yanagasaki, Ohtsu, Shiga, 520-0022 Japan Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    Concentration, source, and risk of PAHs were investigated in 31 sites from surface soils of Liaohe estuarine wetland. Total PAHs concentrations ranged from 293.4 to 1735.9 ng/g with a mean of 675.4 ng/g. The 3- and 4-ring PAHs were the dominant species. The ratios of high-molecular weight PAHs to low-molecular weight PAHs and anthracene/(anthracene+phenanthrene) were calculated to apportion sources of PAHs. It was found that both pyrogenic and petrogenic PAHs sources were important. Effect range low and effect range median showed that the PAHs would occasionally cause adverse effects. The nemerow composite index revealed that about 41.9% soil sampling sites were safety; about 58.1% sites had different grades of PAHs pollution. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0343-7 Authors Nannan Wang, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China Yinhai Lang, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China Fangfang Cheng, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China Minjie Wang, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    The acute, lethal potency of the 1,2,3,4-, 1,2,4,5- and 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene isomers was compared in the terrestrial and aquatic oligochaetes Eisenia andrei and Tubifex tubifex . 1,2,4,5-TeCB was neither lethal, nor produced any perceptible adverse effects, at lipid normalized concentrations predicted to be lethal according to the well-established critical body residue concept. If a narcotic is defined as a substance capable of inducing narcosis, rather than a substance displaying certain physical or chemical properties (e.g., log K ow ), then we do not believe these findings challenge the critical body residue because by the former definition, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene is not a narcotic. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0329-5 Authors Christopher M. Hurdzan, Environmental Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 469 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Roman P. Lanno, Environmental Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 469 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA David M. Sovic, Environmental Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 469 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    This study, some metals (zinc, copper, lead and cadmium) were analyzed in liver, muscle and gills of Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758) caught from the Hirfanlı Dam Lake in December 2007. The highest concentrations were found in liver (zinc:32.5 μg/g, lead:10.73 μg/g, copper:5.85 μg/g, cadmium:0.76 μg/g) of Sander lucioperca . It was seen that the accumulation of zinc, lead and cadmium primarily took place in liver followed by muscles and gills. It was observed that copper is mainly accumulated in liver followed by gill and mucsles. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-3 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0350-8 Authors Ali Gül, Gazi Education Faculty, Department of Science Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey Mehmet Yılmaz, Gazi Education Faculty, Department of Science Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey Semra Benzer, Gazi Education Faculty, Department of Science Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey Lütfiye Taşdemir, Gazi Education Faculty, Department of Science Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    Before and after switching to the advanced treatment, a total of 48 trihalomethanes measurements was made at household taps in the specific distribution area in Osaka City, Japan. An average of total trihalomethanes concentrations in advanced treated water was three-fifths of that in conventionally treated water. The average lifetime cancer risks for total trihalomethanes were 48.5 × 10 −6 in conventionally treated water and 44.8 × 10 −6 in advanced treated water, which were higher than 10 −6 , the negligible risk level. Surprisingly, the average lifetime cancer risk of conventionally treated water was not significantly different from that of advanced treated water. The highest value of hazard index found was an order of magnitude lower than unity. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0321-0 Authors Kohji Yamamoto, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 8-34 Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, 543-0026 Japan Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    In the autumn of 2010 an industrial red sludge spill occurred in Hungary. The toxic chemical waste with high alkalinity (pH 13.5) reached the Danube 2 days later, where no change was expected because of the high level of dilution. The planktonic rotifer assemblages of the Danube were investigated at Budapest during the contamination. The median of community density decreased from 500 ind. 100 L −1 to zero, the species richness from 3.00 to 0.00, Shannon–Weaver diversity from 1.10 to 0.00 after the arrival of the contamination. The rotifer assemblages seemed to have recovered after 3 weeks, but the initial levels of diversity and density were not reached again. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0331-y Authors Károly Schöll, Danube Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmány str. 2-4, 2163 Vácrátót, Hungary Gergely Szövényi, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University of Science, Pázmány P. sétány 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    The objective of this study was to estimate the total etoxazole residues balance (residue in pods, leaves and soil under the treated plant) in green bean and for identification of the degradative metabolites of etoxazole in soil under the treated plant. The results showed half life (t 1/2 ) values of 3.13, 2.73 and 2.11 days for etoxazole in green bean pods, leaves and soil, respectively. According to the maximum residue limits (MRL) the pre harvest intervals (PHI) of etoxazole on green bean pods was 4-days after the treatment. The results of GC–Ms analysis of soil extracts under the treated plant showed that, at zero time unchanged etoxazole was found. The proportion of etoxazole in soil extracts detected decreased with the time. GC–Ms analysis of soil extracts show the presence of compound having the formula of C 14 H 23 NO 2 which was suggested to be 2-amino-2(4-tert-butyl-2-ethoxyphenyl) ethanol. The other founded compound has the formula C 13 H 18 O 3 and suggested to be 4-tert-butyl-2-ethoxybenzoic acid. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-4 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0336-6 Authors Farag Malhat, Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Amal Hassan, Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861

Description:    Variation in metal contamination in six species of birds, namely the Cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo ), Cattle Egret ( Bubulcus ibis ), Little Egret ( Egretta garzetta ), Pond Heron ( Ardeola grayii ), Common Myna ( Acridotheres tristis ) and Jungle Babbler ( Turdoides striatus ) in Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India. The accumulation of heavy metals differed among the species studied. On an average, Little Egret accumulated high concentrations of copper (53.31 ± 23.19 ppm) followed by Cattle Egret (16.27 ± 9.83 ppm) in liver. Of all the species, Jungle Babbler recorded the maximum concentrations (20.59 ± 9.07 ppm) in muscle. The Pond Heron recorded the maximum concentration (35.38 ± 11.14 ppm) in brain. On an average the maximum level was in the kidney of Common Myna (7.76 ± 1.80 ppm). Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s00128-011-0323-y Authors R. Jayakumar, GITAM University, Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram, Medak, Andhra Pradesh 502 329, India S. Muralidharan, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 108, India Journal Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Online ISSN 1432-0800 Print ISSN 0007-4861