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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Call number: AWI A3-09-0026 ; M 14.0117
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 270, [4] S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9780521847995
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - 1 The meteorology of monsoons. - 1.1 Introduction. - 1.2 Meteorology of the tropics. - 1.3 The Indian Ocean monsoon system. - 1.4 Theory of monsoons. - 2 Controls on the Asian monsoon over tectonic timescales. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 The influence of Tibet. - 2.3 Oceanic controls on monsoon intensity. - 2.4 Summary. - 3 Monsoon evolution on tectonic timescales. - 3.1 Proxies for monsoon intensity. - 3.2 Monsoon reconstruction by oceanic upwelling. - 3.3 Continental climate records. - 3.4 Eolian dust records. - 3.5 Evolving flora of East Asia. - 3.6 History of Western Pacific Warm Pool and the Monsoon. - 3.7 Summary. - 4 Monsoon evolution on orbital timescales. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 Orbital controls on monsoon strength. - 4.3 Eolian records in North-east Asia. - 4.4 Monsoon records from cave deposits. - 4.5 Monsoon variability recorded in ice caps. - 4.6 Monsoon variability recorded in lacustrine sediments. - 4.7 Salinity records in marine sediments. - 4.8 Pollen records in marine sediments. - 4.9 Paleoproductivity as an indicator of monsoon strength. - 4.10 The Early Holocene monsoon. - 4.11 Mid–Late Holocene monsoon. - 4.12 Summary. - 5 Erosional impact of the Asian monsoon. - 5.1 Monsoon and oceanic strontium. - 5.2 Reconstructing erosion records. - 5.3 Reconstructing exhumation. - 5.4 Estimating marine sediment budgets. - 5.5 Erosion in Indochina. - 5.6 Erosion in other regions. - 5.7 Monsoon rains in Oman. - 5.8 Changes in monsoon-driven erosion on orbital timescales. - 5.9 Tectonic impact of monsoon strengthening. - 5.10 Climatic control over Himalaya exhumation. - 5.11 Summary. - 6 The Late Holocene monsoon and human society. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Holocene climate change and the Fertile Crescent. - 6.3 Holocene climate change and the Indus Valley. - 6.4 Holocene climate change and early Chinese cultures. - 6.5 Monsoon developments since 1000 AD. - 6.6 Monsoon and religion. - 6.7 Impacts of future monsoon evolution. - 6.8 Summary. - References. - Further reading. - Index.
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  • 2
    Call number: 5/M 95.0268 ; AWI A2-23-77866
    In: Geophysical monograph, 52
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI,187 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten , 27 cm
    ISBN: 0875904572 , 0-87590-457-2
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph 52
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface / A. Berger, R. E. Dickinson and John W. Kidson I WORLD CLIMATE RESEARCH PROGRAMME 1. The World Climate Research Programme / Gordon A. McBean II. PALEOCLIMATES AND ICE 2. Long-Term Climatic and Environmental Records from Antarctic Ice / C. Lorius, J-M Barnola, M. Legrand, J. R. Petit, D. Raynaud, C. Ritz, N. Barkov, Y. S. Korotkevich, V. N. Petrov, C. Genthon, J. Jouzel, V. M. Kotlyakov, F. Yiou, and G. Raisbeck 3. The Role of Land Ice and Snow in Climate / Michael H. Kuhn III. VOLCANOES AND CLIMATE 4. Petrologic Evidence of Volatile Emissions From Major Historic and Pre-Historic Volcanic Eruptions / Julie M. Palais and Haraldur Sigurdsson IV. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES, LAND HYDROLOGY, LAND SURFACE PROCESSES AND CLIMATE 5. Uptake by the Atlantic Ocean of Excess Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Radiocarbon / Bert Bolin, Anders Björkström and Berrien Moore 6. African Drought: Characteristics, Causal Theories and Global Teleconnections / Sharon E. Nicholson 7. Sensitivity of Climate Model to Hydrology / Duzheng Ye 8. Stability of Tree/Grass Vegetation Systems / Peter S. Eagleson V. TROPICAL OCEAN AND GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE 9. Toga and Atmospheric Processes / Kevin Trenberth 10. Toga Real Time Oceanography in the Pacific / David Halpern VI. MODELLING CLIMATE, PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE 11. Aeronomy and Paleoclimate / J.-C. Gérard 12. Studies of Cretaceous Climate / Eric J. Barron 13. Simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum with an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Including Paleoclimatic Tracer Cycles / Sylvie Joussaume, Jean Jouzel and Robert Sadourny 14. Progress and Future Developments in Modelling the Climate System with General Circulation Models / P. R. Rowntree 15. Quantitative Analysis of Feedbacks in Climate Model Simulations / Michael E. Schlesinger
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  • 3
    Call number: AWI A6-92-0280 ; 5/M 08.0207
    In: International geophysics series, Vol. 40
    Type of Medium: Monograph non-lending collection
    Pages: X, 489 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 0120585766
    Series Statement: International geophysics series 40
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Chapter 1 Introduction. - 1.1 The Static Structure of the Middle Atmosphere. - 1.2 Zonal Mean Temperature and Wind Distributions. - 1.3 Composition of the Middle Atmosphere. - 1.4 The Vertical Distribution of Eddy Amplitudes. - 1.5 Observational Techniques. - References. - Chapter 2 Radiative Processes and Remote Sounding. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Fundamentals. - 2.3 Gaseous Absorption Spectra. - 2.4 Transmission Functions. - 2.5 Infrared Radiative Exchange and Radiative Damping. - 2.6 Departure from Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium. - 2.7 Absorption of Solar Radiation. - 2.8 Radiative Equilibrium Temperature and Heating-Rate Distributions. - 2.9 Remote Sounding. - References. - Chapter 3 Basic Dynamics. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 The Beta-Plane Approximation and Quasi-Geostrophic Theory. - 3.3 The Eulerian-Mean Equations. - 3.4 Linearized Disturbances to Zonal-Mean Flows. - 3.5 The Transformed Eulerian-Mean Equations. - 3.6 The Generalized Eliassen-Palm Theorem and the Charney-Drazin Nonacceleration Theorem. - 3.7 The Lagrangian Approach. - 3.8 Isentropic Coordinates. - 3.9 The Zonal-Mean Equations in Isentropic Coordinates. - Appendix 3A. Derivation of Some Equations in Isentropic Coordinates. - Appendix 3B. Boundary Conditions on the Residual Circulation. - References. - Chapter 4 Linear Wave Theory. - 4.1 Introduction and Classification of Wave Types. - 4.2 Wave Disturbances to a Resting Spherical Atmosphere. - 4.3 Atmospheric Thermal Tides. - 4.4 Free Traveling Planetary Waves. - 4.5 Forced Planetary Waves. - 4.6 Gravity Waves. - 4.7 Equatorial Waves. - Appendix 4A. Ray-Tracing Theory and Wave Action in a Slowly Varying Medium. - References. - Chapter 5 Extratropical Planetary-Scale Circulations. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 The Observed Annual Cycle. - 5.3 Detailed Linear Models of Stationary Planetary Waves in the Middle Atmosphere. - 5.4 Detailed Linear Models of Free Traveling Planetary Waves in the Atmosphere. - 5.5 Barotropic and Baroclinic Instability. - 5.6 Planetary-Wave Critical Layers. - References. - Chapter 6 Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Observed Features of Sudden Warmings. - 6.3 Theoretical Modeling of Sudden Warmings. - 6.4 Conclusions. - References. - Chapter 7 The Extratropical Zonal-Mean Circulation. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 Some Simple Zonally Averaged Models of the Middle Atmosphere. - 7.3 The Upper Mesosphere. - 7.4 The Winter Polar Stratosphere. - 7. 5 Interpretation and Generalization. - References. - Chapter 8 Equatorial Circulations. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 The Observed Structure of the Equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. - 8.3 Theory of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. - 8.4 Observed Structure of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations. - 8.5 Dynamics of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations. - 8.6 Inertial Instability in the Equatorial Zone. - References. - Chapter 9 Tracer Transport in the Middle Atmosphere. - 9.1 Introduction: Types of Tracers. - 9.2 Long-Lived Chemical Tracers. - 9.3 Transport in the Meridional Plane. - 9.4 Formulations of Eddy and Mean-Flow Transport. - 9.5 Dispersive Wave Transport: Irreversible Mixing of Tracers. - 9.6 Troposphere-Stratosphere Exchange. - 9.7 Transport Modeling. - Appendix 9A. The Transformed Eulerian-Mean Transport for Small-Arnplitude Eddies. - References. - Chapter 10 The Ozone Layer. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 The Climatology of Ozone. - 10.3 Elementary Aspects of Photochemical Modeling. - 10.4 Photochemistry of Ozone: Catalytic Cycles. - 10.5 Models of the Natural and Perturbed Ozone Layer. - Appendix 10A. The Continuity Equation for Chemical Species. - References. - Chapter 11 General Circulation Modeling. - 11.1 Models of the Lower Stratosphere. - 11.2 The GFDL SKYHI Model. - 11.3 Forecasting of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings. - 11.4 Transport Modeling. - References. - Chapter 12 Interaction between the Middle Atmosphere and the Lower Atmosphere. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 Radiative Links: Deductions from Simple Models. - 12.3 Radiative Links: Deductions from GCMs. - 12.4 Dynamical Links: Vertically Propagating Planetary Waves. - 12.5 Interannual Variability in the Stratosphere. - References. - Bibliography. - Index.
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  • 4
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Darmstadt : Primus
    Call number: M 10.0218 ; 12/2010.19 ; AWI A3-18-13656
    Description / Table of Contents: Sind die Unwetter und Katastrophen der letzten Jahre Ausdruck einer Klimaveränderung oder gab es sie schon immer? Diese 1000 Jahre umfassende Klimadarstellung, die auf den unterschiedlichsten Quellen basiert, ist einmalig für Mitteleuropa. Sie belegt die nachhaltigen Veränderungen des Klimas in den vergangenen Jahrhunderten, die Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft und macht deutlich, bis zu welchem Grad der Mensch in jüngerer Zeit Einfluss genommen hat.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 264 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Edition: 2., aktualisierte und erw. Aufl.
    ISBN: 9783896786043
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: Vorwort. - Vorwort zur 2.Auflage. - TEIL I GRUNDLAGEN DER HISTORISCHEN KLIMAFORSCHUNG. - Klima in Perspektive: Eine Einführung. - Begründung und Forschungsansätze. - Forschungssituation in Mitteleuropa. - Auf Spurensuche: Quellen, Daten und Zitate. - Chroniken und Annalen: Die ersten Spuren von Wetter, Witterung und Klima. - Quelleninformation - Quellenbezug - Quellenkompilation: Die Dhein-Chronik. - Als das Wetter zum täglichen Ereignis wurde: Wetterjournale. - Vom Wetter auf See: Schiffsjournale. - Vom Wetter unterwegs: Itinerare. - Wetter nach Maß: Die Anfänge der Instrumentenmessung. - Gemalt, gepinselt und gehämmert: Bildhafte und plastische Informationen zum historischen Klima. - Klima auf Umwegen: Proxydaten. - Methoden zur Klimarekonstruktion. - "Hat man mir wahrhafftiglich versicheret": Die quellenkritische Interpretation von schriftlichen Quellenhinweisen. - Klima-, Witterungs- und Wettervorstellungen: Ein Beitrag zur Quellenkritik. - Quelle - Index - Klimawert: Die Transformation schriftlicher Klimahinweise. - Tägliche Wetteraufzeichnungen: Rückblicke der besonderen Art. - Historische Instrumentenmessdaten: Ein Brückenschlag zur Moderne. - Proxydaten: Ihre klimatische Interpretation. - Methoden: Eine Nachbetrachtung. - HISKLID: Aufbau und Struktur der Historischen Klimadatenbank. - TEIL II HITZE, FLUTEN, EIS UND STURM IM SPIEGELBILD DER QUELLEN. - Vom Optimum der Römerzeit über das Pessimum der Völkerwanderung ins Mittelalterliche Wärmeoptimum. - Prolog zum Mittelalterlichen Wärmeoptimum. - Das Klima von 1000 bis 1500. - Warme Zeiten - kalte Zeiten: Die Sommerverhältnisse von 1000 und 1500. - Aus der Kältekammer ins Treibhausklima: Die Winterverhältnisse von 1000 bis 1500. - Im Märzen der Bauer? Die Frühlingsverhältnisse von 1000 bis 1500. - Altweibersommer oder Herbststürme? Die Herbstverhältnisse von 1000 bis 1500. - Das Klima von 1500 bis 2000. - Der jährliche Witterungsgang von 1500 bis 1750. - Zur Kleinen Eiszeit - ein Epilog. - Aus der Kleinen Eiszeit ins Treibhausklima: Die Verhältnisse ab 1750. - Die derzeitigen Folgen. - Der Klimagang der letzten 1000 Jahre - eine Zusammenschau. - Der methodische Weg. - Zum Klimaverlauf ab dem Jahr 1000. - Zur Frage der Steuerungsmechanismen. - Klimarekonstruktionen und -simulationen der letzten 1000 Jahre auf der Basis von naturwissenschaftlichen Daten. - Wenn sich Wetter und Klima zur Katastrophe auswachsen. - Unwetter über Mitteleuropa. - Gewitter in Mitteleuropa. - Stürme und Orkane über Deutschland. - Die Sturmfluten an der deutschen Nord- und Ostseeküste. - Hochwasserereignisse an deutschen Flüssen. - Historische Hochwasser und Atmosphärische Zirkulationsdynamik. - Jahrhundert- und Jahrtausendhochwasser. - Höhenrauch - Sommerhitze - Winterstrenge - Hochwasser: Vier Schritte in die Katastrophe. - Die Hochwasserkatastrophe von 1824 am Neckar und aktuelle planerische Konsequenzen. - Klimakatastrophen in Mitteleuropa: Eine Nachlese. - Die zukünftige Entwicklung des Klimas und die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels in Mitteleuropa. - Die ökonomischen Folgen. - Erkenntniswege zum Treibhausklima. - Die historische Entwicklung des politischen Handlungsrahmens. - 1200 Jahre Klimageschichte: Ein Resümee. - Anhang. - Abkürzungen. - Literaturverzeichnis. - Sachregister. - Ortsregister.
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  • 5
    Call number: M 94.0733 ; AWI A3-94-0150 ; MOP 47894 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Getr. Zahlung
    Edition: 1. Ausg.
    ISBN: 3923704151
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: German
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  • 6
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: M 03.0229 ; AWI A13-16-64386
    In: 50th Anniversary of Numerical Weather Prediction Commemorative Symposium
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 255 S.
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Note: Table of Contents: Introduction / Lennart Bengtsson. - A review of theoretical questions in the early days of NWP / Norman Phillips. - Numerical weather prediction : the early development with emphasis on Europe / Aksel Wiin-Nielsen. - The development of numerical weather prediction in the Deutscher Wetterdienst / Heinz Reiser. - Splitting and adjoints: the main direction / Guri Marchuk. - Limited Area Modelling: Beginnings, state of the art, outlook / Fedor Mesinger. - The development of medium range forecasts / Lennart Bengtsson. - Numerical weather prediction over the tropics / T. N. Krishnamurti ; Vijaya Kumar. - Assimilating and forecasting the NWP-development at DWD / Werner Wergen. - Developing efficient unified nonhydrostatic models / Andrew Staniforth. - Estimating the future shape of the modelling part of numerical weather prediction / Jean-Francois Geleyn. - The prediction of uncertainty in numerical weather forecasting / Tim Palmer. - Applications of numerical weather prediction: Long Range Transport of Air Pollution / Anton Eliassen. - From weather prediction to short-range climate prediction / Mojib Latif.
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  • 7
    Call number: M 92.1345 ; M 92.0709 ; AWI A3-93-0247 ; PIK N 455-92-0581 ; MOP 47744 / Mitte
    Description / Table of Contents: In diesem Werk werden ausführlich das Klimasystem mit seinen äußeren Anregungen und den untereinander in komplizierter Wechselwirkung stehenden Komponenten sowie die grundlegenden Wege der Klimaforschung behandelt. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt den Klimaschwankungen in geologischer Vergangenheit und Neuzeit sowie dem anthropogenen Einfluß auf das Klima mit all seinen Konsequenzen in Gegenwart und Zukunft. Diese erste deutschsprachige Monographie über moderne Klimatologie ist nicht nur für Fachkollegen und Studenten gedacht, sondern auch für alle, die interdisziplinäre Bezüge oder tiefergehendes Interesse am Klimaproblem unserer Zeit haben.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 464 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. , + Kt.-Beil. , 25 cm
    ISBN: 3055007123
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis : 1. Das Klima - internationaler und interdisziplinärer Forschungsschwerpunkt / (W. BÖHME, G. S. GOLIOYN). - 1.1. Grundlegende Aspekte moderner Klimatologie. - 1.2. Das Weltklimaprogramm. - 1.2.1. Anliegen und Anlage des Weltklimaprogramms. - 1.2.2. Phasen der bisherigen Entwicklung des Programms. - 1.2.3. Ergebnisse, Stand und neue Programme sowie Erfordernisse. - 1.2.4. Zweite Weltklimakonferenz. - 2. Eigenschaften und Komponenten des Klimasystems / (G. FLEMMEKTG, M. B. GALTST, H.-F. GRAF, A. HELBIG, P. HUPFER, K. JA. KONDRAT'EV). - 2.1. Klima und Klimasystem. - 2.1.1. Klimabegriff. - 2.1.1.1. Definitionen. - 2.1.1.2. Maßstabsbezogenheit des Klimas. - 2.1.2. Hauptwege der Erforschung des Klimas. - 2.1.3. Klimafaktoren und -elemente. - 2.1.3.1. Klimafaktoren. - 2.1.3.2. Klimaelemente. - 2.1.4. Das Klimasystem und seine Haupteigenschaften. - 2.2. Solarstrahlung und globaler Energiehaushalt. - 2.2.1. Die Solarkonstante und ihre Variationen. - 2.2.2. Globale Energiebilanzen. - 2.2.3. Grundlegende Energieflüsse im Klimasystem. - 2.3. Die Atmosphäre als Komponente des Klimasystems. - 2.3.1. Wolken. - 2.3.2. Aerosol. - 2.3.3. Strahlungsaktive Gase. - 2.3.3.1. Allgemeine Übersicht. - 2.3.3.2. Kohlenstoffkreislauf. - 2.3.3.3. Ozon. - 2.3.3.4. Vergleich von Klimaeffekten. - 2.4. Klimafaktor Ozean. - 2.4.1. Basisprozesse an der Grenzfläche Ozean/Atmosphäre. - 2.4.1.1. Transformation der Solarstrahlung. - 2.4.1.2. Fühlbarer und latenter Wärmestrom. - 2.4.1.3. Hydrologischer Zyklus. - 2.4.1.4. Austausch von Gasen. - 2.4.1.5. Austausch von Stoff. - 2.4.1.6. Übergang kinetischer Energie. - 2.4.1.7. Gegenseitige Hauptwirkungen von Ozean und Atmosphäre. - 2.4.2. Großräumige Wechselwirkungen Ozean/Atmosphäre. - 2.4.2.1. Der Ozean als Wärmereservoir. - 2.4.2.2. Ozeanischer Energietransport. - 2.4.2.3. Wechselwirkung Ozean/Atmosphäre und innertropische Konvergenzzone (ITCZ). - 2.4.2.4. Ozeanische Absink- und Auftriebszonen. - 2.4.3. Die energetisch aktiven Zonen des Ozeans und das Programm RAZREZY. - 2.5. Festland und Biosphäre als Komponenten des Klimasystems. - 2.5.1. Energetische Wechselwirkungen Erdoberfläche/Atmosphäre. - 2.5.2. Massenaustausch Landoberfläche/Atmosphäre. - 2.5.2.1. Hydrologischer Kreislauf und Bodenfeuchteregime. - 2.5.2.2. Stoffaustausch. - 2.5.3. Einfluß der Pflanzendecke. - 2.5.3.1. Allgemeines. - 2.5.3.2. Vergleich von Kurzgras mit pflanzenlosem Boden. - 2.5.3.3. Besonderheiten niederwüchsiger Vegetationstypen. - 2.5.3.4. Eigenschaften homogener Waldbestände. - 2.5.3.5. Zur Berücksichtigung der Vegetation in Klimamodellen. - 2.5.4. Der Einfluß der Gebirge auf das Klima. - 2.5.4.1. Allgemeine Eigenschaften des Gebirgsklimas. - 2.5.4.2. Der Einfluß der Meereshöhe und des Stockwerkaufbaus der Atmosphäre. - 2.5.5. Gegenwärtige Änderungen der Landnutzung und ihre Bedeutung für das Klima. - 2.6. Die Wirkung von Vulkaneruptionen im Klimasystem. - 2.6.1. Einführung. - 2.6.2. Eigenschaften vulkanischer Eruptionen. - 2.6.3. Aeronomische Auswirkungen von Vulkaneruptionen - Entwicklung und Eigenschaften von Vulkanaerosol. - 2.6.4. Auswirkungen vulkanischen Aerosols auf den Strahlungshaushalt. - 2.6.5. Beobachtete Klimavariationen nach Vulkanausbrüchen. - 2.6.6. Modellierung der Auswirkungen stratosphärischen Aerosols auf das Klimasystem. - 2.7. Kryosphäre als Komponente des Klimasystems. - 2.7.1. Kryosphäre und Klimaentwicklung. - 2.7.2. Landeisformen. - 2.7.2.1. Schneedecke. - 2.7.2.2. Eisschilde. - 2.7.2.3. Unterirdisches Eis/Ewiger Frostboden. - 2.7.2.4. Gebirgsgletscher. - 2.7.3. Meereis. - 2.8. Die allgemeine Zirkulation der Atmosphäre und ihre Energetik. - 2.8.1. Grundzüge und Eigenschaften. - 2.8.2. Die Zirkulation nach den Beobachtungen. - 2.8.3. Drehimpuls-Bilanz. - 2.8.4. Energetik der allgemeinen Zirkulation. - 2.8.5. Schlußfolgerungen. - 2.9. Telekonnektionen und el Nino/Südliche Oszillation (ENSO). - 2.9.1. Hemisphärische und globale „Fernwirkungen". - 2.9.2. Zur Anregung von el Nino/Südliche Oszillation (ENSO). - 3. Klimadaten / (M. OLBERG, R. STELLMACHER, K. J A . KONDRAT'EV). - 3.1. Analyse von Daten. - 3.1.1. Einleitung. - 3.1.2. Homogenitätsprüfung, Trendanalyse. - 3.1.2.1. Daten. - 3.1.2.2. Ausgewählte Methoden der Homogenitätsprüfung. - 3.1.2.3. Einige Möglichkeiten der Trendelimination. - 3.1.2.4. Über die Schätzung fehlender Meßwerte. - 3.1.2.5. Beispiele zur Trendanalyse. - 3.1.3. Spektralanalyse klimatologischer Datenreihen. - 3.1.3.1. Schätzung des konventionellen und des Maximum-Entropie-Spektrums. - 3.1.3.2. Signifikanzgrenzen für das empirische Spektrum. - 3.1.4. Klimadatenanalyse in gleitenden Zeitintervallen. - 3.1.4.1. Numerische Filterung. - 3.1.4.2. Gleitende MESA. - 3.1.5. Hinweise zur mehrkanaligen Spektralanalyse. - 3.2. Klimaüberwachung aus dem Kosmos. - 3.2.1. Haupterfordernisse einer Klimaüberwachung. - 3.2.2. Programm und Genauigkeitsforderungen. - 3.2.3. Aussichten. - 4. Klimatheorie und -modellierung / (G. SCHMITZ). - 4.1. Einleitung. - 4.2. Grundgleichungen. - 4.3. Grundgleichungen für den großräumigen Scale. - 4.4. Global gemittelte Klima-Gleichungen. - 4.5. Klimamodellierung. - 4.6. Hierarchie von Klimamodellen. - 4.6.1. Energiebilanzmodelle. - 4.6.2. Strahlungs-Konvektions-Modelle. - 4.6.3. Statistisch-dynamische Modelle. - 4.6.4. Zirkulationsmodelle der Atmosphäre. - 4.6.5. Globale Zirkulationsmodelle. - 4.6.6. Stochastische Modelle. - 4.7. Energiebilanzmodelle. - 4.7.1. Global gemittelte Modelle. - 4.7.2. Zonal-gemittelte Modelle. - 4.7.3. Stochastische Energiebilanzmodelle. - 4.8. Statistisch-dynamische Modelle. - 4.8.1. Zonal-symmetrische Modelle. - 4.8.2. Modelle stationärer Störungen. - 4.9. Globale Zirkulationsmodelle. - 4.9.1. Kleinräumige Prozesse. - 4.9.2. Ausgewählte Anwendungen und Ergebnisse. - 5. Globale Klimaklassifikation / (M. HENDL). - 5.1. Allgemeine Probleme der Klimaklassifikation. - 5.2. Die Anfänge der klimatischen Gliederung der Erdoberfläche: Die Aufstellung individueller Klimaprovinzen. - 5.3. Die Einführung der objekten Klimaklasssifikation durch Wladimir Köppen: das vegetationsbezogene Köppen-Klimasystem und seine Modifikationen. - 5.4. Vegetationsbezogene Klimasysteme mit abweichendem Klassifikationsprinzip. - 5.4.1. Die effektive Klimaklassifikation von N. N. IVANOV. - 5.4.2. Die Klimaklassifikationen von THORNTHWAITE. - 5.4.3. Neuere Entwicklungstendenzen. - 5.5. Effektive Klimaklassifizierung nach landwirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten. - 5.6. Effektive Klimaklassifizierung nach humanphysiologischen Gesichtspunkten. - 5.7. Effektive Klimaklassifizierung für technische Zwecke: Das HOFFMANN-System 1975. - 5.8. Bemühungen um genetische Klimaklassifikationen. - 6. Klima und Gesellschaft / (K. BERNHARDT, A. HELBIG). - 6.1. Anthropogene Wirkungen im klimatischen System. - 6.1.1. Überblick. - 6.1.2. Anthropogene Modifikation des Lokalklimas im Stadtgebiet und in Industrie-Ballungsräumen. - 6.1.3. Anthropogene Einwirkungen auf das globale Klima. - 6.1.4. Auswirkungen eines massierten Kernwaffeneinsatzes. - 6.2. Klimawirkungen auf gesellschaftliche Systeme. - 6.2.1. Klima und geographisches Milieu. - 6.2.2. Klima und globale Probleme. - 7. Klimate der geologischen Vorzeit / (L. EISSMANN, CHR. HÄNSEL). - 7.1. Entstehung und Wandlung der Erdatmosphäre. - 7.2. Klimazeugen und physikalische Informationsmethoden zum Paläoklima. - 7.3. Ursachen und Prozesse erdgeschichtlicher Klimaänderungen. - 7.4. Merkmale der Klimate der Erdgeschichte. - 7.4.1. Präkambrium. - 7.4.2. Paläozoikum. - 7.4.3. Mesozoikum. - 7.4.4. Känozoikum. - 7.4.4.1. Tertiär. - 7.4.4.2. Quartär. - 8. Rezente Klimaschwankungen / (K. BERNHARDT, G. HELBIG, P. HUPFER, R. K. KLIGE). - 8.1. Holozäne Klimaschwankungen. - 8.1.1. Zum Wesen von Klimaänderungen. - 8.1.2. Datenquellen zur holozänen Klimageschichte. - 8.1.3. Zur Klimaentwicklung im Holozän. - 8.2. Jüngste Klimaschwankungen. - 8.2.1. Zirkulationsschwankungen. - 8.2.2. Änderungen von Luft- und Wassertemperatur. - 8.2.3. Variationen von Komponenten des glob
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  • 8
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer
    Call number: M 99.0101 ; AWI G7-86-0694
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is designed as a comprehensive mathematical introduction to the science of the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets in their geophysical environment. Its main objective is to provide a better fundamental understanding of the problems of ice mechanics and fluid mechanics of large ice masses, and to connect and unify some of the approaches that have been developed in different disciplines concerned with glaciers and ice sheets. The first two chapters provide the physical background by treating ice within the framework of continuum physics and material science. The central part of the book deals with the conceptualization and mathematical formulation of glacier and ice sheet flow. Considerations concerning fluid mechanics and thermodynamics are given equal attention. The aim is to deduce common glaciological formulae from first principles and to state clearly the assumptions which lie behind the approximations. This allows the extension of the results - known to glaciologists in plane flow only - to three dimensions, thus paving the way for further research.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xxxvii, 510 S.
    ISBN: 9027714738
    Series Statement: Mathematical approaches to geophysics
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. - PREFACE. - INTRODUCTION. - SYMBOLS AND NOTATION. - PART I. FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY OF ICE. - 1.General Concepts. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Equations of Balance. - 3. Material Response. - (a) General constitutive relations, simple materials. - (b) The rule of material objectivity. - (c) Material symmetry. - (d) Constitutive response for isotropie bodies. - (e) Materials with bounded memory-some constitutive representations. - (f) Incompressibility. - (g) Some representations of isotropic functions. - 4. The Entropy Principle. - (a) The viscous heat-conducting compressible fluid. - (b) The viscous heat-conducting incompressible fluid. - (c) Pressure and extra stress as independent variables. - (d) Thermoelastic solid. - (e) Final remarks. - 5. Phase Changes. - (a) Phase changes for a viscous compressible heat-conducting fluid. - (b) Phase changes for a viscous incompressible heat-conducting fluid. - References. - 2. A Brief Summary of Constitutive Relations for Ice. - 1. Preliminary Remarks. - 2. The Mechanical Properties of Hexagonal Ice. - (a) The crystal structure of ordinary ice. - (b) The elastic behavior of hexagonal ice. - (c) The inelastic behavior of single-crystal ice. - 3. The Mechanical Properties of Polycrystalline Ice. - (a) The elastic behavior of polycrystalline ice. - (b) Linear viscoelastic properties of polycrystalline ice. - (α) General theory. - (β) Experimental results. - (c) Non-linear viscous deformation and creep. - (α) Results of creep tests. - (β) Generalization to a three-dimensional flow law. - (γ) Other flow laws. - 4. The Mechanical Properties of Sea Ice. - (a) The phase diagram of standard sea ice and its brine conten. - (b) Elastic properties. - (c) Other material properties. - References. - PART II. THE DEFORMATION OF AN ICE MASS UNDER ITS OWN WEIGHT. - 3. A Mathematical Ice-flow Model and its Application to Parallel-sided Ice Slabs. - 1. Motivation and Physical Description. - 2. The Basic Model - Its Field Equations and Boundary Conditions. - (a) The field equations. - (α) Cold ice region. - (β) Temperate ice region. - (b) Boundary conditions. - (α) At the free surface. - (β) Along the ice-water interface. - (γ) Along the bedrock surface. - (δ) Along the melting surface. - 3. The Response of a Parallel-sided Ice Slab to Steady Conditions. - (a) Dimensionless forms of the field equations. - (b) Parallel-sided ice slab, a first approximation to glacier and ice-shelf flow dynamics. - (α) Velocity and temperature fields x-independent. - (β) Extending and compressing flow. - (γ) Floating ice shelves 4. Concluding Remark. - References. - 4. Thermo-mechanical Response of Nearly Parallel-sided Ice Slabs Sliding over their Bed. - 1. Motivation. - 2. The Basic Boundary-value Problem and its Reduction to Linear Form. - 3. The Solution of the Boundary-value Problems. - (a) Zeroth-order problem. - (b) First-order problem. - (α) Harmonic perturbation from uniform flow for a zero accumulation rate. - (β) Analytic solution for a Newtonian fluid. - (γ) Numerical solution for non-linear rheology. - (δ) Effect of a steady accumulation rate. - (ε) A historical note on a previous approach. - (η) The first-order temperature problem. - (c) Numerical results for steady state. - (α) Transfer of bottom protuberances to the surface. - (β) Basal stresses. - (γ) Surface velocities. - (δ) Effect of a steady accumulation rate. - 4. Remarks on Response to a Time-dependent Accumulation Rate. - 5. Surface-wave Stability Analysis. - (a) The eigenvalue problem. - (b) Discussion of results. - 6. Final Remarks. - References. - 5. The Application of the Shallow-ice Approximation. - 1. Background and Previous Work. - 2. Derivation of the Basal Shear-stress Formula by Integrating the Momentum Equations over Ice Thickness. - (a) Derivation. - (b) The use of the basal shear-stress formula in applied glaciology. - 3. Solution of the Ice-flow Problem using the Shallow-ice Approximation. - (a) Governing equations. - (b) Shallow-ice approximation. - (c) Construction of the perturbation solution. - (d) Results. - (e) Temperature field. - 4. Theoretical Steady-state Profiles. - (a) Earlier theories and their limitations. - (b) Surface profiles determined by using the shallow-ice approximation. - 5. An Alternative Scaling - a Proper Analysis of Dynamics of Ice Sheets with Ice Divides. - (a) Finite-bed inclination. - (b) Small-bed inclination. - (c) Illustrations. - References. - 6. The Response of a Glacier or an Ice Sheet to Seasonal and Climatic Changes. - 1. Statement of the Problem. - 2. Development of the Kinematic Wave Theory. - (a) Full non-linear theory. - (b) Perturbation expansion-linear theory. - (c) An estimate for the coefficients C and D. - (d) Boundary and initial conditions. - 3. Theoretical Solutions for a Model Glacier. - (a) Solutions neglecting diffusion. - (b) Theoretical solutions for a diffusive model. - (α) Coefficient functions for the special model. - (β) Solution for a step function. - (γ) General solution for uniform accumulation rate. - (δ) The inverse problem - calculation of climate from variations of the snout. - 4. General Treatment for an Arbitrary Valley Glacier. - (a) Fourier analysis in time. - (α) Low-frequency response. - (β) High-frequency response. - (γ) Use of the results. - (b) Direct integration methods. - 5. Derivation of the Surface-wave Equation from First Principles Non-linear Theory. - (a) Surface waves in the shallow-ice approximation. - (α) Integration by the methods of characteristics. - (β) An illustrative example. - (γ) A remark on linearization. - (δ) Effects of diffusion. - (b) Remarks regarding time-dependent surface profiles in ice sheets. - (c) Long waves in an infinite ice slab - Is accounting for diffusion enough?. - (α) Basic equations. - (β) Construction of perturbation solutions. - (γ) Numerical results. - 6. Concluding Remarks. - References. - 7. Three-dimensional and Local Flow Effects in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Effect of Valley Sides on the Motion of a Glacier. - (a) Solutions in special cases. - (α) Exact solutions for the limiting cases. - (β) Solution for a slightly off-circular channel. - (γ) A note on very deep and wide channels. - (b) A useful result for symmetrical channels with no boundary slip. - (c) Numerical solution - discussion of results. - 3. Three-dimensional Flow Effects in Ice Sheets. - (a) Basic equations. - (b) Decoupling of the stress-velocity problem from the problem of surface profile. - (c) The equation describing the surface geometry. - (d) The margin conditions. - 4. Variational Principles. - (a) Fundamental variational theorem. - (b) Variational principle for velocities. - (c) Reciprocal variational theorem. - (d) Maximum and minimum principles. - (e) Adoption of the variational principles to ice problems. - 5. Discussion of Some Finite-element Solutions. - References. - Appendix: Detailed Calculations Pertaining to Higher-order Stresses in the Shallow-ice Approximation. - AUTHOR INDEX. - SUBJECT INDEX.
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  • 9
    Call number: S 99.0423(125) ; ZSP-560-125
    In: Mitteilungen aus dem Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie der Universität zu Köln
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 170 S.
    ISSN: 0069-5882
    Series Statement: Mitteilungen aus dem Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie der Universität zu Köln 125
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
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  • 10
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-547 ; ZS-090(547)
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 152 S. : graph. Darst.
    ISSN: 1618-3193
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 547
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2005
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