ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 3-22 --- 1.1 The Nature of Shock Waves, pp. 3-5 --- 1.2 Compaction of Powders and Shock Activation, pp. 6-9 --- 1.3 First-Order Phase Transitions and Chemical Reactions, pp. 10-12 --- 1.4 Time Scales and Interactions of Basic Mechanisms, p. 12 --- 1.4.1 Shock propagation in a particle assemblage, p. 12 --- 1.4.2 Energy localization, pp. 12-13 --- 1.4.3 Thermal relaxation of hot spots, p. 14 --- 1.4.4 Mass diffusion in solids, p. 14 --- 1.4.5 Kinetic constants, pp. 14-16 --- 1.5 Some Roles of Shock Compression Techniques in Material Sciences Study, p. 16 --- 1.5.1 Shock compression technique as a tool of high pressure production, p. 16 --- 1.5.2 Appearance of diamond anvil-type high-pressure apparatus, pp. 16-18 --- 1.5.3 New roles of shock compression technology as a unique method of very high temperature production, pp. 18-19 --- 1.5.4 Development of conventional hypervelocity impact techniques for precise measurement of materials under shock compression, pp. 19-21 --- FUNDAMENTALS OF SHOCK WAVE PROPAGATION --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 23-78 --- 2.1 Hydrodynamic Jump Conditions and the Hugoniot Curve, pp. 23-32 --- 2.2 Shock Transition in Hydrodynamic Solids, pp. 32-42 --- 2.3 Non-Hydrostatic Deformation of Solids, p. 42 --- 2.3.1 Elastic-ideally-plastic solids, pp. 42-53 --- 2.3.2 Experimental observations of elastic-plastic behavior, pp. 53-56 --- 2.4 Wave-body interactions, pp. 56-57 --- 2.4.1 Preliminaries, pp. 57-60 --- 2.4.2 Planar impact of similar and dissimilar bodies, pp. 60-61 --- 2.4.3 Shock wave interaction with material boundaries, pp. 61-64 --- 2.4.4 Wave-wave interactions, pp. 65-66 --- 2.4.5 Detonation wave and interaction with a solid surface, pp. 66-77 --- SHOCK COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 79-115 --- 3.1 Gun Techniques, p. 80 --- 3.1.1 Single stage gun, p. 80 --- 3.1.2 Conventional two stage light gas gun, pp. 80-83 --- 3.1.3 Velocity measurement of projectile, p. 83 --- 3.1.4 Magnetoflyer method, pp. 83-84 --- 3.1.5 CW x-ray velocity meter, pp. 84-86 --- 3.1.6 Measurement of interior projectile motion, pp. 86-87 --- 3.1.7 Recovery experiments, pp. 87-89 --- 3.2 Explosive Techniques, p. 89 --- 3.2.1 Plane shock wave generation and recovery fixture, pp. 89-91 --- 3.2.2 Numerical simulaation of shock compression in the recovery capsule, pp. 91-94 --- 3.2.3 Cylindrical recovery fixture, pp. 94-95 --- 3.3 In-situ Measurements, p. 95 --- 3.3.1 Manganin pressure gauge, pp. 95-98 --- 3.3.2 Particle velocity gauge, pp. 99-100 --- 3.3.3 Observations of multiple shock reverberations by using a manganin pressure gauge and particle velocity gauge, pp. 100-106 --- 3.3.4 Shock temperature measurement, pp. 106-111 --- 3.3.5 Copper-Constantan thermocouple as a temperature and pressure gauge, pp. 111-113 --- THERMOMECHANICS OF POWDER COMPACTION AND MASS MIXING --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 117-170 --- 4.1 A One Dimensional Particulate Model, pp. 117-123 --- 4.2 Continuum Models, p. 123 --- 4.2.1 Hydrodynamic models, pp. 124-141 --- 4.2.2 Continuum plasticity theory, pp. 141-148 --- 4.2.3 Application, pp. 148-154 --- 4.3 Particle Bonding and Heterogeneous Processes, pp. 154-160 --- 4.4 Mass Mixing, pp. 160-169 --- THERMOCHEMISTRY OF HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 171-225 --- 5.1 Thermodynamic Functions of Heterogeneous Mixtures, pp. 172-187 --- 5.2 Analytical Equations of State, pp. 187-191 --- 5.3 Hugoniots of Inert Mixtures, p. 191 --- 5.3.1 Thermodynamically equilibrium models, pp. 191-197 --- 5.3.2 Mechanical models, pp. 197-199 --- 5.4 First-Order Phase Transitions, pp. 199-206 --- 5.5 Chemical Equilibria, pp. 206-212 --- 5.6 Reaction Kinetics, p. 212 --- 5.6.1 Rate equations, pp. 212-214 --- 5.6.2 Nucleation, pp. 214-216 --- 5.6.3 Growth, pp. 216-217 --- 5.6.4 Pressure effects, pp. 217-218 --- 5.7 Shock-Induced Reactions in Powder Mixtures, pp. 218-224 --- HYDRODYNAMICAL CALCULATIONS --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 227-276 --- 6.1 Conservation Equations of Continuum Flow, pp. 227-228 --- 6.1.1 Mass conservation, pp. 228-230 --- 6.1.2 Conservation of linear momentum, pp. 230-231 --- 6.1.3 Enegy conservation, pp. 231-234 --- 6.2 Constitutive Modeling of Inorganic Shock Chemistry, pp. 234-235 --- 6.2.1 VIR model, pp. 235-239 --- 6.2.2 Pore collapse, p. 239 --- 6.2.3 Chemical kinetics, pp. 239-240 --- 6.2.4 Computational constitutive reactions, pp. 240-245 --- 6.3 Applications of the VIR Model, p. 245 --- 6.3.1 Shock wave profiles in Ni/Al powder mixtures, pp. 245-250 --- 6.3.2 Compaction of diamond with Si and graphite, pp. 250-257 --- 6.4 Continuum Mixture Theory and the VIR Model, p. 257 --- 6.4.1 Continuum mixture theory, pp. 257-263 --- 6.4.2 Derivation of the VIR model using the CMT, pp. 263-269 --- 6.4.3 A model of heterogeneous flow, pp. 269-275 --- SHOCK CONDITIONING AND PROCESSING OF CERAMICS --- Shock Compression Chemistry of materials, Y. Horie and A. B. Sawaoka, pp. 277-360 --- 7.1 Shock Conditioning of Powder of Inorganic Materials, p. 227 --- 7.1.1 Brief review of shock conditioning studies, p. 227 --- 7.1.2 Aluminum oxide powder, pp. 277-281 --- 7.2 Shock Synthesis of Inorganic Materials, p. 281 --- 7.2.1 Shock synthesis studies, p. 281 --- 7.2.2 High dense forms of carbon, pp. 281-285 --- 7.2.3 High dense forms of boron nitride, pp. 285-287 --- 7.2.4 Shock treatment of boron nitride powders, pp. 287-301 --- 7.3 Shock Consolidation of Ceramic Powders, p. 301 --- 7.3.1 Why non-oxide ceramics?, pp. 301-302 --- 7.3.2 Dynamic consolidation of SiC powders, pp. 302-304 --- 7.3.3 Approach to the fabrication of crack free compacts, pp. 304-305 --- 7.3.4 Shock consolidation of SiC powder utilizing post shock heating by exothermic reaction, pp. 305-310 --- 7.4 Dynamic Compaction of Zinc Blende Type Boron Nitride and Diamond Powders, p. 310 --- 7.4.1 Background, pp. 310-311 --- 7.4.2 Cubic boron nitride, pp. 311-318 --- 7.4.3 Diamond, pp. 318-326 --- 7.4.4 Diamond composites obtained by utilizzing exothermic chemical reaction, pp. 326-332 --- 7.5 Very High Pressure Sintering of Shock Treated Powders, pp. 332-334 --- 7.5.1 Silicon nitride, pp. 334-336 --- 7.5.2 w-BN, pp. 336-346 --- 7.6 Rapid Condensation of High Temperature Ultrasupersaturated Gas, p. 346 --- 7.6.1 Silicon nitride, pp. 346-352 --- 7.6.2 Carbon, pp. 352-357

Description / Table of Contents: Die Region - mit den markanten Erhebungen des Hohen Meißners und des Thüringer Waldes - stellt geologisch und bergbaugeschichtlich einen Teil der deutschen Mittelgebirge dar, der Fachleute sowie Amateure und Naturfreunde gleichermaßen fasziniert. Die vorliegende Bibliographie versucht erstmals länderübergreifend die umfangreiche Fachliteratur der Dreiländer-Region zu erschließen. Dabei wurden sowohl fachwissenschaftliche als auch heimatkundliche Publikationen und unveröffentlichtes Material berücksichtigt.

Description / Table of Contents: Die Region - mit den markanten Erhebungen des Hohen Meißners und des Thüringer Waldes - stellt geologisch und bergbaugeschichtlich einen Teil der deutschen Mittelgebirge dar, der Fachleute sowie Amateure und Naturfreunde gleichermaßen fasziniert. Die vorliegende Bibliographie versucht erstmals länderübergreifend die umfangreiche Fachliteratur der Dreiländer-Region zu erschließen. Dabei wurden sowohl fachwissenschaftliche als auch heimatkundliche Publikationen und unveröffentlichtes Material berücksichtigt.

Description / Table of Contents: In 2010 the Panton Principles for Open Data in Science were published. These principles were founded upon the idea that "Science is based on building on, reusing and openly criticising the published body of scientific knowledge" (http://pantonprinciples.org) and they provide a succinct list of the fundamentals to observe when making your data open. Intended for a broad audience of academics, publishers and librarians, Issues in Research Data explores the implications of the Panton Principles through a number of perspectives on open research data in the sciences and beyond. The book features chapters by open data experts in a range of academic disciplines, covering practical information on licensing, ethics, and advice for data curators, alongside more theoretical issues surrounding the adoption of open data. As the book is open access, each chapter can stand alone from the main volume so that communities can host, distribute, build upon and remix the content that is relevant to them. Readers can access the online version via the QR code or DOI link at the front of the book.

Description / Table of Contents: The present Special Issue intends to explore new directions in the field of acoustics and ultrasonics. The interest includes, but is not limited to, the use of acoustic technology for condition monitoring of materials and structures. (The basis of this issue comes from selected papers of the 6th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-destructive Testing, ETNDT6 held in Brussels May 27-29th, 2015).

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Numerical Analysis of Three-Dimensional MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet with Convective Boundary Conditions through a Porous Medium by Stanford Shateyi --- Chapter 2: Cattanneo-Christov Heat Flux Model Study for Water-Based CNT Suspended Nanofluid Past a Stretching Surface by Noreen Sher Akbar, C. M. Khalique and Zafar Hayat Khan --- Chapter 3: Thermophysical Properties of Metal Oxides Nanofluids by Zafar Said and Rahman Saidur --- Chapter 4: Measuring Nanofluid Thermal Diffusivity and Thermal Effusivity: The Reliability of the Photopyroelectric Technique by Monir Noroozi and Azmi Zakaria --- Chapter 5: Problems Faced While Simulating Nanofluids by Adil Loya --- Chapter 6: Enhancing Heat Transfer in Internal Combustion Engine by Applying Nanofluids by Wenzheng Cui, Zhaojie Shen, Jianguo Yang and Shaohua Wu --- Chapter 7: Heat Transfer of Ferrofluids by Seval Genc --- Chapter 8: Nanofluid with Colloidal Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Its Applications in Electrical Engineering by Lucian Pîslaru-Dănescu, Gabriela Telipan, Floriana D. Stoian, Sorin Holotescu and Oana Maria Marinică --- Chapter 9: Magnetic Nanofluids: Mechanism of Heat Generation and Transport and Their Biomedical Application by Prem P. Vaishnava and Ronald J. Tackett --- Chapter 10: Energy Transfer in Mixed Convection MHD Flow of Nanofluid Containing Different Shapes of Nanoparticles in a Channel Filled with Saturated Porous Medium by Aaiza Gul, Ilyas Khan and Sharidan Shafie

Description / Table of Contents: With the success of open access publishing, Massive open online courses (MOOCs) and open education practices, the open approach to education has moved from the periphery to the mainstream. This marks a moment of victory for the open education movement, but at the same time the real battle for the direction of openness begins. As with the green movement, openness now has a market value and is subject to new tensions, such as venture capitalists funding MOOC companies. This is a crucial time for determining the future direction of open education. In this volume, Martin Weller examines four key areas that have been central to the developments within open education: open access, MOOCs, open education resources and open scholarship. Exploring the tensions within these key arenas, he argues that ownership over the future direction of openness is significant to all those with an interest in education.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Singular Lagrangians and Its Corresponding Hamiltonian Structures by Alvaro Restuccia and Adrián Sotomayor --- Chapter 2: Lagrangian Subspaces of Manifolds by Yang Liu --- Chapter 3: Topology and Integrability in Lagrangian Mechanics by Leo T. Butler --- Chapter 4: Closure Models for Lagrangian Gas Dynamics and Elastoplasticity Equations in Multimaterial Cells by Yury Yanilkin --- Chapter 5: Mechanics of Electric Rope Shovel Performance and Reliability in Formation Excavation by Muhammad Azeem Raza and Samuel Frimpong --- Chapter 6: Lagrangian Model-Based Fault Diagnosis in a PVTOL by César Martínez Torres, Luis Humberto Rodríguez Alfaro, Efrain Alcorta Garcia, Gerardo Romero Galvan and David Lara --- Chapter 7: Fuzzy Logic and S-Lagrangian Dynamics of Living Systems: Theory of Homeostasis by Uziel Sandler and Lev Tsitolovsky

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: R&D Trends and Evolution - Emerging Concepts, Frameworks, Policies, Management Systems, and Applications by Soha Maad --- Chapter 2: Human Development and Research-Development-Extension Relationships by Orhan Özçatalbaş --- Chapter 3: SMEs Development through Public and Private Partnerships: The Key Role of Research Transfer and Patent Information Analysis by Henri Dou --- Chapter 4: Smart Microgrids: Optimizing Local Resources toward Increased Efficiency and a More Sustainable Growth by Wilfried Elmenreich, Tamer Khatib and Andrea Monacchi --- Chapter 5: Assessing the Possible Potential in Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emission: Application of a Proven Hybrid Method by Oludolapo Akanni Olanrewaju and Charles Mbohwa --- Chapter 6: Research and Devolopment about Metallurgical Industry of Romania by Adrian Ioana, Augustin Semenescu and Mihnea Costoiu

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: General Aspects of the Cobalt Chemistry by Yasemin Yildiz --- Chapter 2: Synthesis, Processing, and Characterization of the Cobalt Alloys with Silicon Addition by Petrica Vizureanu, Mirabela Georgiana Minciuna, Gianina Iovan and Simona Stoleriu --- Chapter 3: Synthesis of Cobalt-Based Nanomaterials from Organic Precursors by Maria Smyrnioti and Theophilos Ioannides --- Chapter 4: Hydrothermally Produced Cobalt Oxide Nanostructures at Different Temperatures and Effect on Phase Transition Temperature and Threshold Voltage of Nematic Liquid Crystal Host by Hasan Eskalen, Süleyman Kerli and Şükrü Özgan --- Chapter 5: Substitution and Redox Properties of Some Organoisocyanide Cobalt(II) Complexes by Olayinka A. Oyetunji, Godiraone Tatolo, Banyaladzi D. Paphane and Clifford A. L. Becker --- Chapter 6: Effect of Cobalt on Morphology of Microhole Formed by Micropunching by Kelvii Wei Guo and Hon Yuen Tam --- Chapter 7: A Review of the Radionuclide, Cobalt-60, as a Fine-Sediment Tracer by Philip Greenwood