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  • 1
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    GNSS data of the global GFZ tracking network (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Since the early 1990s, the GFZ has operated a global GNSS station network with currently about 70 stations for precise satellite clock & orbit determination, realization of the terrestrial reference frame, radio occultation measurements or studies on crust dynamics. A subset of these stations contributes also to the tracking networks of the International GNSS Service (IGS) and the EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EPN). Other stations contribute to GFZ observatories (IPOC, DESERVE, TERENO), to the GPS Atmosphere Sounding Project (GASP), to WMO Global Climate Observing System Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) or to other external cooperations. We offer data of 51 GFZ GNSS stations under this DOI. Nearly all stations are equipped with Javad or Septentrio hardware. Depending on the location and hardware they provide data of GPS (L1 / L2 / L5), GLONASS (L1 / L2 / L3), Galileo (E1 / E5a / E5b / E6), BeiDou (B1 / B2 / B3), QZSS (L1 / L2 / L5 / L6), NAVIC (L5), and SBAS (L1 / L5). The GNSS Station Nework Site (https://isdc.gfz-potsdam.de/gnss-station-network/) provides direct access to the 1s and 30s sampled RINEX data (near real-time, file based) and to real-time streams. Real-time streams are available for stations contributing to the IGS. Raw data GNSS binary raw observations are available upon request. All GFZ Stations follow the site guidelines of the International GNSS Service (https://kb.igs.org/hc/en-us/articles/202011433-Current-IGS-Site-Guidelines) Station specific metadata can be found at our metadata portal SEMISYS. An overview of the list of stations with direct links to the station specific metadata in semisys is available via ftp://datapub.gfz-potsdam.de/download/10.5880.GFZ.1.1.2020.001/2020-001_Ramatschi-et-al_List-of-GFZ-GNSS-Stations-with-links-to-SEMISYS.pdf.
    Description: Methods
    Description: Our GNSS stations are equipped with antenna, receiver, data logger (PC), and communication. For nearly all stations binary GNSS receiver messages are streamed in real time via local internet / GSM / VSAT to the GFZ data center and collected there in 15 minute data files, as it is done on site. After comparing the data files collected at GFZ with the raw messages stored locally, non identical or missing files are send from the site using scp. Data files are then converted to the RINEX (http://acc.igs.org/misc/rinex304.pdf) format using vendor-provided software. Real-time streams are provided by converting the binary message stream into RTCM format using the Alberding EuroNET software. Stations without real-time capabilities transfer binary files only. If no internet connection is available data will be stored locally and transmitted as soon as the connection is re-established.
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 2
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    Projections of future fire and vegetation variables on European scale (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset contains simulated vegetation and fire variables using the LPJmLv5.6-SPITFIRE and LPJmLv5.6-SPITFIRE-BASE coupled vegetation-fire model. LPJmL is a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM), which simulates impacts of climate change and vegetation including carbon, water and energy fluxes on land. SPITFIRE is a process-based fire model that is developed at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) simulating ignitions, fire spread, fuel combustion and plant mortality. BASE is an empirical burned area model, developed at Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research (SGN), that is based on remotely sensed information using generalised linear model (GLM) techniques provided by data sources from within the HORIZON2020 project FirEUrisk and elsewhere. The dataset contains a set of future changes in vegetation and fire variables under future climate and land-use change at the European (ET) scale at 9 km covering 2000-2100 for both couple vegetation-fire models. The models were forced with 5 climate models from the SSP126 and SSP370 climate scenarios (its downscaling to ~9 km grid cell resolution) as well as the land-use projections corresponding to those climate scenarios (provided at ~9 km grid cell resolution). The variables provided in this dataset are at monthly and annual temporal resolution. The simulated changes in fire and vegetation spatio-temporal patterns are the result of changes in climate and land-use and subsequent fire-vegetation feedbacks. This data has been developed in the course of the HORIZON2020 project FirEUrisk (Deliverable 3.4; Grant Agreement no. 101003890).
    Keywords: vegetation-fire model ; burnt area ; vegetation cover ; fire regime ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS 〉 FORESTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 BIOMASS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 CARBON ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 VEGETATION COVER ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 FIRE ADVISORIES 〉 WILDFIRES ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 MODELS 〉 DYNAMIC VEGETATION/ECOSYSTEM MODELS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 3
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    TIPTEQ-Temporary seismological network (North) (2004/2005) (2004)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Understanding the factors leading to large earthquakes in the coupling zone of convergent margins and their interrelation with surface deformation were the main aims of the international and interdisciplinary research initiative TIPTEQ (“From The Incoming Plate To megaThrust EarthQuake Processes”). Between Nov. 2004 and Oct. 2005 we deployed 2 temporary, amphibious seismic arrays in South-Central Chile. In this region the 1960 Mw = 9.5 earthquake nucleated. The northern network between 37° and 39°S was formed by up to 120 digitally recording land stations (equipped with short-period sensors) and 10 Ocean Bottom Seismometers/Hydrophones (OBS/OBH). Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code ZW, and are available under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~500G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 4
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    Surface deformation and topography data from analogue modelling experiments addressing triaxial tectonics in regions of distributed extension (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data set includes the results of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM) and digital image correlation (DIC) analysis applied to analogue modelling experiments. Twenty generic analogue models are extended on top of a rubber sheet. Two benchmark experiments are also reported. Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Liu et al. (submitted) to which this data set is supplement. The data presented here are visualized as topography and the horizontal cumulative surface strain (principal strain and slip rake).
    Keywords: EPOS ; multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; analogue modelling results ; depression ; Digital Image Correlation (DIC) / Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) ; Digital Image Correlation (DIC) / Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) 〉 StrainMaster (La Vision GmbH) ; Extension box ; fault ; graben ; graben ; High frame rate camera ; horst ; normal fault ; Poisson ratio ; rift valley ; rifting ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Sandbox ; Silicon/Silly putty/PDMS ; SLR camera ; Structure from Motion (SfM) ; Structure from Motion (SfM) 〉 Photoscan (Agisoft) ; tectonic and structural features ; tectonic process ; tectonic process 〉 continental_breakup ; tectonic process 〉 continental_breakup 〉 rifting ; tectonic setting 〉 extended terrane setting ; tectonic setting 〉 extended terrane setting 〉 continental rift setting ; tectonic setting 〉 intraplate tectonic setting ; wrench fault
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 5
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    Faunal microdistribution of a hydrothermal vent field: A 3D reconstruction approach (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gerdes, Klaas; Martínez Arbizu, Pedro; Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich; Schwentner, Martin; Kihara, Terue Cristina (2019): Detailed Mapping of Hydrothermal Vent Fauna: A 3D Reconstruction Approach Based on Video Imagery. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00096
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: We used ROV video imagery of a hydrothermal vent field on the southwestern Indian Ridge in the Indian Ocean. Structure from Motion photogrammetry was applied to build a high resolution 3D reconstruction model of an active hydrothermal chimney complex and to project quantified abundances. This technique works for any kind of video imagery, regardless of its initial purpose and can be implemented in marine monitoring and management to identify important ecological areas. Likewise, the reconstruction was used to infer terrain variables at scales of megabenthic specimens, which were related to the abundances of the faunal assemblages. Based on the terrain variables the applied random forest model predicted the faunal assemblage distribution with an accuracy of 84.97 %. The most important structuring variables were the distances to diffuse- and black fluid exits, as well as the height of the chimney complex. This novel approach enabled us to classify quantified abundances of megabenthic taxa to distinct faunal assemblages and relate terrain variables to their distribution. The successful prediction of faunal assemblage occurrences further supports the importance of abiotic terrain variables as key structuring factors in hydrothermal systems.
    Keywords: INDEX2016; INDEX2016_16ROV; Pourquoi Pas ? (2005); South East Indian Ridge; VICTOR; Victor6000 ROV
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Lena River surface water monitoring near the Samoylov Island Research Station (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Current warming, shifting hydrological regimes and accelerated permafrost thaw in the catchment of the Arctic rivers will affect their water biogeochemistry. The Lena River is the second largest Arctic river and 71 % of its catchment is characterized by continuous permafrost. Monitoring of Arctic rivers will enable to observe expected changes in matter transport such as an increase of dissolved organic matter (DOM) re-mobilization from permafrost. A number of biogeochemical variables are presented here in a unique high frequency throughout the whole year. The sampling of Lena River water is done near the Research Station Samoylov Island in the central Lena River Delta. The Samoylov research station allows a unique chance for continuous sampling since it operates throughout the year.
    Keywords: biogeochemistry; CDOM; DOC; DOM; major ions; Olenekskaya_Ch; RIVER; Sampling river; stable water isotopes
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 10 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Seasonal fatty acid and fatty alcohol composition of Pseudocalanus minutus and Oithona similis in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) (2007)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lischka, Silke; Hagen, Wilhelm (2006): Seasonal lipid dynamics of the copepods Pseudocalanus minutus (Calanoida) and Oithona similis (Cyclopoida) in the Arctic Kongsfjorden (Svalbard). Marine Biology, 150(3), 443-454, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0359-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Seasonal lipid dynamics of various developmental stages were investigated in Pseudocalanus minutus and Oithona similis. For P. minutus, the dominance of 16:1(n−7), 16:4(n−3) and 20:5(n−3) fatty acids indicated a diatom-based nutrition in spring, whereas 22:6(n−3), 16:0, 18:2(n−6) and 18:1(n−9) pointed to a flagellate-based diet during the rest of the year as well as omnivorous/carnivorous low-level feeding during winter. The shorter-chain fatty alcohols 14:0 and 16:0 prevailed, also reflecting biosynthetic processes typical of omnivores or carnivores. Altogether, the lipid signatures characterized P. minutus as an opportunistic feeder. In contrast, O. similis had consistently high amounts of the 18:1(n−9) fatty acid in all stages and during all seasons pointing to a generally omnivorous/carnivorous/detritivorous diet. Furthermore, the fatty alcohol 20:1(n−9) reached high percentages especially in adult females and males, and feeding on Calanus faecal pellets is suggested. Fatty alcohols, as wax ester moieties, revealed significant seasonal variations in O. similis and a seasonal trend towards wax ester accumulation in autumn in P. minutus. P. minutus utilized its lipid deposits for development in the copepodite stages III and IV and for gonad maturation in CV and females during the dark season. However, CVs and females depended on the spring phytoplankton bloom for final maturation processes and reproduction. O. similis fueled gonad maturation and egg production for reproduction in June by wax esters, whereas reproduction in August/September co-occurred with the accumulation of new depot lipids. Both species revealed significantly higher wax ester levels in deeper (〉50 m) as compared to surface (0–50 m) dwelling individuals related to a descent prior to overwintering.
    Keywords: APN; Apstein plankton net; Kongsfjorden_98-99; Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Arctic; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; SPP1158
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Anomalously weak Labrador Sea convection and Atlantic overturning during the past 150 years (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Department of Geology & Geophysics | Supplement to: Thornalley, David J R; Oppo, Delia W; Ortega, Pablo; Robson, Jon I; Brierley, Chris M; Davis, Renee; Hall, Ian R; Moffa-Sanchez, Paola; Rose, Neil L; Spooner, Peter T; Yashayaev, Igor M; Keigwin, Lloyd D (2018): Anomalously weak Labrador Sea convection and Atlantic overturning during the past 150 years. Nature, 556(7700), 227-230, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0007-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a system of ocean currents that has an essential role in Earth's climate, redistributing heat and influencing the carbon cycle. The AMOC has been shown to be weakening in recent years1; this decline may reflect decadal-scale variability in convection in the Labrador Sea, but short observational datasets preclude a longer-term perspective on the modern state and variability of Labrador Sea convection and the AMOC. Here we provide several lines of palaeo-oceanographic evidence that Labrador Sea deep convection and the AMOC have been anomalously weak over the past 150 years or so (since the end of the Little Ice Age, LIA, approximately AD 1850) compared with the preceding 1,500 years. Our palaeoclimate reconstructions indicate that the transition occurred either as a predominantly abrupt shift towards the end of the LIA, or as a more gradual, continued decline over the past 150 years; this ambiguity probably arises from non-AMOC influences on the various proxies or from the different sensitivities of these proxies to individual components of the AMOC. We suggest that enhanced freshwater fluxes from the Arctic and Nordic seas towards the end of the LIA—sourced from melting glaciers and thickened sea ice that developed earlier in the LIA—weakened Labrador Sea convection and the AMOC. The lack of a subsequent recovery may have resulted from hysteresis or from twentieth-century melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Our results suggest that recent decadal variability in Labrador Sea convection and the AMOC has occurred during an atypical, weak background state. Future work should aim to constrain the roles of internal climate variability and early anthropogenic forcing in the AMOC weakening described here. The data presented here is the supporting data for Thornalley et al. 2018 (see details below) and is derived from cores KNR-178-56JPC and KNR-178-48JPC. It includes the mean sortable silt size, details of radiocarbon dating, the % nps and binned sub-surface temperature reconstructions.
    Keywords: Atlantic meridional overturning circulation; ATLAS; A Trans-Atlantic assessment and deep-water ecosystem-based spatial management plan for Europe; deep water formation; sortable silt; subsurface ocean temperatures
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 22 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Single-beam sea-ice draft from remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys during the MOSAiC expedition 2019/20 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: The distance between a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the sea-ice underside was measured by a single-beam upward-looking acoustic sonar altimeter (Tritech PA500) attached to the ROV during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Sea-ice draft was derived by subtracting the distance to the sea-ice underside from the ROV depth, uncorrected for ROV attitude (pitch, roll). An offset between the depth reference (ROV bumper bars) and the altimeter of 0.105 m is accounted for in the presented data.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea-ice draft; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 90 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Merged grids of sea-ice or snow freeboard from helicopter-borne laser scanner during the MOSAiC expedition, version 1 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: This data set is a higher-processing-level version of Gridded segments of sea-ice or snow surface elevation and freeboard from helicopter-borne laser scanner during the MOSAiC expedition, version 1 (Hutter et al., 2022; doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.950339), where the individual 30-second segments of the small scale grid flights have been combined into merged grids. The data were collected using a near-infrared, line-scanning Riegl VQ-580 airborne laser scanner (https://hdl.handle.net/10013/sensor.7ebb63c3-dc3b-4f0f-9ca5-f1c6e5462a31 & https://hdl.handle.net/10013/sensor.7a931b33-72ca-46d0-b623-156836ac9550) mounted in a helicopter along the MOSAiC drift from the north of the Laptev Sea, across the central Arctic Ocean, and towards the Fram Strait from September 2019 to October 2020. The merged data are stored in netCDF and geotiff format. The data are drift corrected using the position and heading data of RV Polarstern and elevation offset corrected using overlapping segments to overcome degraded GPS altitude data 〉85°N. For the flights with degraded GPS altitude quality, we provide only a freeboard estimate. The merged grids include all data variables of the gridded 30-s segments: surface elevation, freeboard (estimate), freeboard uncertainty, estimated sea surface height, surface reflectance, echo width, and number of points used in the interpolation. Also the calculated elevation offset correction term is provided for each flight as a csv file.
    Keywords: 20191002_01; 20191020_01; 20191112_02; 20191119_01; 20191130_01; 20191224_01; 20191225_01; 20191228_01; 20200107_01; 20200108_01; 20200108_03; 20200108_04; 20200116_01; 20200121_01; 20200123_02; 20200128_01; 20200204_01; 20200212_01; 20200217_02; 20200227_01; 20200321_01; 20200423_01; Airborne laser scanning; Arctic Ocean; Freeboard; HELI; Helicopter; IceSense; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAIC-HELI; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122_4_44_78_2020061601; PS122_4_45_112_2020070401; PS122_4_45_36_2020063001; PS122_4_46_36_2020070701; PS122_4_47_96_2020071701; PS122_4_48_69_2020072201; PS122/1; PS122/1_2-167; PS122/1_2-57; PS122/1_7-25; PS122/1_8-23; PS122/1_9-98; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-101; PS122/2_17-98; PS122/2_17-99; PS122/2_19-44; PS122/2_19-46; PS122/2_19-52; PS122/2_19-53; PS122/2_20-52; PS122/2_21-41; PS122/2_21-78; PS122/2_22-16; PS122/2_23-14; PS122/2_24-31; PS122/2_25-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-49; PS122/3_32-42; PS122/3_32-70; PS122/3_35-49; PS122/3_37-63; PS122/3_39-109; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-78; PS122/4_45-112; PS122/4_45-36; PS122/4_46-36; PS122/4_47-96; PS122/4_48-69; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-190; PS122/5_61-62; PS122/5_62-166; PS122/5_62-67; Remote Sensing of the Seasonal Evolution of Climate-relevant Sea Ice Properties; Sea ice; Surface Elevation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 35 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
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