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  • 1
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    Mating genes in Calonectria and evidence for a heterothallic ancestral state (2020)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 45, pp. 163-176
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: The genus Calonectria includes many important plant pathogens with a wide global distribution. In order to better understand the reproductive biology of these fungi, we characterised the structure of the mating type locus and flanking genes using the genome sequences for seven Calonectria species. Primers to amplify the mating type genes in other species were also developed. PCR amplification of the mating type genes and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the mating strategies and evolution of mating type in a collection of 70 Calonectria species residing in 10 Calonectria species complexes. Results showed that the organisation of the MAT locus and flanking genes is conserved. In heterothallic species, a novel MAT gene, MAT1-2-12 was identified in the MAT1-2 idiomorph; the MAT1-1 idiomorph, in most cases, contained the MAT1-1-3 gene. Neither MAT1-1-3 nor MAT1-2-12 was found in homothallic Calonectria (Ca.) hongkongensis, Ca. lateralis, Ca. pseudoturangicola and Ca. turangicola. Four different homothallic MAT locus gene arrangements were observed. Ancestral state reconstruction analysis provided evidence that the homothallic state was basal in Calonectria and this evolved from a heterothallic ancestor.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Cylindrocladium ; fungal biology ; fungal pathogens ; MAT locus ; mating type ; phylogeny ; sexual reproduction
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Miscellanea Palaeontologica 6 (1997)
    Selbstverlag Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, FU Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Klaus Bandel & Thorsten Kowalke: Systematic value of the larval shell of fossil and modern Vanikoridae, Pickworthiidae and the genus Fossarus (Caenogastropoda, Mollusca) … 3 ; R. Thomas Becker: Eine neue und älteste Glatziella (Clymeniida) aus dem höheren Oberdevon des Nordsauerlandes (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge) … 31 ; Glenn G. Rechner: Eine Dinoflagellaten-Zysten-Vergesellschaftung des tieferen Rupelium (Unter-Oligozän) aus transgressiven Ablagerungen nördlich von Altenhausen in Sachsen-Anhalt (Blatt 3733, Erxleben) … 43 ; Joachim Gründel: Zur Kenntis einiger Gastropoden-Gattungen aus dem französischen Jura und allgemeine Bemerkungen zur Gastropodenfauna aus dem Dogger Mittel- und Westeuropas … 69 ; Joachim Gründel: Heterostropha (Gastropoda) aus dem Dogger Norddeutschlands und Nordpolens. I. Mathildoidea (Mathildidae) … 131 ; Joachim Gründel: Heterostropha (Gastropoda) aus dem Dogger Norddeutschlands und Nordpolens. III. Opisthobranchia … 177 ; C. M. Hampton & J. E. Rae: Genesis of the fossiliferous Pleistocene Hima Limestone, western Uganda, as indicated by its isotopic composition … 225 ; Helmut Keupp: Anomal kiellose Hildoceratidae (= „Subfamilie Monestierinae SAPUNOV 1965“): Ursache taxonomischer Konfusionen (Ammonoidea, Toarcium) … 233 ; Helmut Keupp: Paläopathologische Analyse einer „Population“ von Dactylioceras athleticum (SIMPSON) aus dem Unter-Toarcium von Schlaifhausen/Oberfranken … 243 ; Rolf Kohring: Eischalen neognather Vögel aus dem mitteleozänen Geiseltal (Deutschland) … 269 ; Rolf Kohring: Eggshell Structure as Evidence in Avian Systematics - Preliminary Results … 281 ; Jürgen Kriwet: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna des Oberjura (unteres Kimmeridgium) der Kohlengrube Guimarota bei Leiria, Mittel-Portugal: 2. Neoselachii (Pisces, Elasmobranchii) ... 293 ; Thomas Schlüter: Validity of the Paratrichoptera - an extinct Insect Order related to the Mecoptera, Diptera, Trichoptera or Lepidoptera? Suggestions based on discoveries in the Upper Triassic Molteno Formation of South Africa … 303 ; Rolf Kohring: Bibliographie 1996, Institut für Paläontologie, Freie Universität Berlin … 313 ;
    Description: thesis
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: ddc:560 ; Paläobiologie ; Paläontologie
    Language: German , English
    Type: doc-type:book
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  • 3
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    R/V Oceanus Cruise #473 ‘Ocean Acidification Pteropod Study’ Cruise Report (2024)
    United States of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: The central goal of this cruise was to sample various aspects of the biology of pteropods and other associated zooplankton concurrent to sampling of the carbonate chemistry system and hydrography, both along-track and at pre-defined stations along a survey transect extending from 35N, 52W to 50N, 42W.
    Description: National Science Foundation
    Description: OCE-1041068
    Description: Published
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: Pteropoda ; ASFA_2015::A::Acidification ; ASFA_2015::C::Cruise reports ; ASFA_2015::Y::Zooplankton ; ASFA_2015::H::Hydrographic surveys ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 196pp.
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  • 4
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    R/V New Horizon Cruise #1208 ‘Ocean Acidification Pteropod Study’ Cruise Report (2024)
    United States of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: The central goal of this cruise was to sample various aspects of the biology of pteropods and other associated zooplankton concurrent to sampling of the carbonate chemistry system and hydrography, both along-track and at pre-defined stations along a survey transect extending from 50N, 150W to 35N, 135W.
    Description: National Science Foundation
    Description: OCE-1041068
    Description: Published
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: Pteropoda ; ASFA_2015::A::Acidification ; ASFA_2015::C::Cruise reports
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 221pp.
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  • 5
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    In contrast to diatoms, cryptophytes are susceptible to iron limitation, but not to ocean acidification (2022)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Physiologia Plantarum, Wiley, 174(1), ISSN: 0031-9317
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Previous field studies in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicated an increased occurrence and dominance of cryptophytes over diatoms due to climate change. To gain a better mechanistic understanding of how the two ecologically important SO phytoplankton groups cope with ocean acidification (OA) and iron (Fe) availability, we chose two common representatives of Antarctic waters, the cryptophyte Geminigera cryophila and the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata. Both species were grown at 2°C under different pCO2 (400 vs. 900 μatm) and Fe (0.6 vs. 1.2 nM) conditions. For P. subcurvata, an additional high pCO2 level was applied (1400 μatm). At ambient pCO2 under low Fe supply, growth of G. cryophila almost stopped while it remained unaffected in P. subcurvata. Under high Fe conditions, OA was not beneficial for P. subcurvata, but stimulated growth and carbon production of G. cryophila. Under low Fe supply, P. subcurvata coped much better with OA than the cryptophyte, but invested more energy into photoacclimation. Our study reveals that Fe limitation was detrimental for the growth of G. cryophila and suppressed the positive OA effect. The diatom was efficient in coping with low Fe, but was stressed by OA while both factors together strongly impacted its growth. The distinct physiological response of both species to OA and Fe limitation explains their occurrence in the field. Based on our results, Fe availability is an important modulator of OA effects on SO phytoplankton, with different implications on the occurrence of cryptophytes and diatoms in the future.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Is spring melting in the Arctic detectable by under-ice radiation? (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: A trend towards earlier sea-ice melt is detected in many ice-covered regions in the Arctic. The timing of the melt onset has a strong impact on the sea-ice energy budget. Melt onset changes the radiative properties of the ice due to increasing snow wetness and meltwater. So far, satellite passive microwave data are used to detect the melt onset. We analyzed transmitted radiation spectra as collected underneath drifting sea-ice using a remotely operated vehicle during the ARTofMELT expedition in the Fram Strait in spring 2023. We colocated those spectra with measurements of snow depth, sea ice and surface topography, chlorophyll-a concentration in the water column, and with aerial images. This combined dataset enables us to track down possible subsurface pathways and accumulation pools of meltwater. Areas of low snow load and depressed surface topography are characterized by higher transmitted radiation compared to areas with a thick snow cover. Those areas overlapped with areas that showed the first signs of surface melt. Chlorophyll-a concentrations varied only slightly in magnitude and did not match with the heterogeneous pattern of snow depth and ice topography. Here we discuss how to disentangle the influences of chlorophyll a and the subsurface meltwater on the spectral shape of transmitted radiation. We propose that upon successful disentanglement, the spectra can be used as an indicator for subsurface melting. Our study suggests that sea-ice melting starts subsurface and that measurements of transmitted solar radiation spectra could be used to identify the melt onset prior to surface melting. This can provide an interesting complementary information on melt occurrence and on the location of the water in the snowpack in addition to satellite passive microwave data.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Is spring melting in the Arctic detectable by under-ice radiation? (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: A trend towards earlier sea-ice melt is detected in many ice-covered regions in the Arctic. The timing of the melt onset has a strong impact on the sea-ice energy budget. Melt onset changes the radiative properties of the ice due to increasing snow wetness and meltwater. So far, satellite passive microwave data are used to detect the melt onset. We analyzed transmitted radiation spectra as collected underneath drifting sea-ice using a remotely operated vehicle during the ARTofMELT expedition in the Fram Strait in spring 2023. We colocated those spectra with measurements of snow depth, sea ice and surface topography, chlorophyll-a concentration in the water column, and with aerial images. This combined dataset enables us to track down possible subsurface pathways and accumulation pools of meltwater. Areas of low snow load and depressed surface topography are characterized by higher transmitted radiation compared to areas with a thick snow cover. Those areas overlapped with areas that showed the first signs of surface melt. Chlorophyll-a concentrations varied only slightly in magnitude and did not match with the heterogeneous pattern of snow depth and ice topography. Here we discuss how to disentangle the influences of chlorophyll a and the subsurface meltwater on the spectral shape of transmitted radiation. We propose that upon successful disentanglement, the spectra can be used as an indicator for subsurface melting. Our study suggests that sea-ice melting starts subsurface and that measurements of transmitted solar radiation spectra could be used to identify the melt onset prior to surface melting. This can provide an interesting complementary information on melt occurrence and on the location of the water in the snowpack in addition to satellite passive microwave data.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    ARTofMELT 2023 WP8 - Sea ice physics (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Do we need non-Boussinesq effects in an ocean general circulation model for climate simulations? (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: The Boussinesq approximation is commonly made in ocean general circulation models (OGCMs). As a consequence, the model ocean is incompressible and conserves volume, but not mass. It has been argued that these consequence introduce errors at the noise level of coarse OGCMs, but that non-Boussinesq modeling is preferable simply for tidiness. Here, we use the height-pressure coordinate isomorphism implemented in the MITgcm to construct a non-Boussinesq OGCM and revisit the differences between Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq models at a resolution comparable to IPCC climate models. Subtleties such as the choice of a proper equation of state that includes the effect of pressure on heat capacity, but also the use of mass as a convenient alternative to pressure coordinates are discussed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Brief communication: Surface energy balance differences over Greenland between ERA5 and ERA-Interim (2023)
    Copernicus Publications
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, Copernicus Publications, 17(12), pp. 5131-5136, ISSN: 1994-0416
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: We compare the main atmospheric drivers of the melt season over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) in ERA5 and ERA-Interim (ERAI) in their overlapping period 1979–2018. In summer, ERA5 differs significantly from ERAI, especially in the melt regions. Small-scale ERA5 − ERAI differences near the ice sheet’s margins and over steep slopes can be explained by the different resolution, while the large-scale differences indicate a different representation of physical processes in the two reanalyses: averaged over the lower parts of the GrIS, the mean near-surface air temperature is 1 K lower, while the mean downward shortwave radiation at the surface is on average 15 W m−2 higher than in ERAI. Comparison with observational weather station data shows a significant warm bias in ERAI and, for ERA5, a significant positive bias in downward shortwave radiation. Consequently, methods that previously estimated the GrIS surface mass balance from the ERAI surface energy balance need to be carefully recalibrated before converting to ERA5 forcing.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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