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  • 1
    Keywords: Biomedical engineering ; Biotechnology ; Condensed matter ; Ethics ; Nanotechnology ; Science ; Philosophy
    ISBN: 9781402054327
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Science ; Urban planning ; City planning ; Urban ecology (Biology) ; System theory ; International environmental law ; Sustainable development ; Life Sciences ; Urban Ecology ; Urbanism ; Sustainable Development ; Complex Systems ; Science, general ; International Environmental Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A global outlook on urbanization --- 2. History of urbanization and the missing ecology --- 3. Urbanization and global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 4. Regional assessment of Asia.- 5. Sub-regional assessment of China: Urbanization in biodiversity hotspots --- 6. Sub-regional assessment of India --- 7. Local assessment of Bangalore.- 8. Local assessment of Tokyo --- 9. Local assessment of Shanghai --- 10. Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design --- 11. Urban ecosystem services.- 12. Shrinking cities, biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 13. Regional assessments of Europe --- 14. Regional assessment of North America --- 15. Regional assessment of Oceania --- 16. Local assessment of Istanbul: Biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 17. Local assessment of Stockholm --- 18. Local assessment of Chicago --- 19. Local assessment of New York City.-20. Local assessment of Melbourne --- 21. A synthesis of global urbanization projections --- 22. Urbanization forecasts, effects on land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem services --- 23. Regional assessment of Africa --- 24. Local assessment of Cape Town.- 25. Climate change and urban biodiversity vulnerability --- 26. Feeding cities --- 27. Urban governance of biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 28. Regional assessment of Latin America --- 29. Local assessment of Rio de Janeiro.- 30. Urban landscapes as learning arenas for biodiversity and ecosystem services management --- 31. Restoration ecology in an urbanizing world --- 32. Indicators for management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 33. Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 755 pages) , 150 illustrations, 23 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400770881
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Science ; Urban planning ; City planning ; Urban ecology (Biology) ; System theory ; International environmental law ; Sustainable development ; Life Sciences ; Urban Ecology ; Urbanism ; Sustainable Development ; Complex Systems ; Science, general ; International Environmental Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A global outlook on urbanization --- 2. History of urbanization and the missing ecology --- 3. Urbanization and global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 4. Regional assessment of Asia.- 5. Sub-regional assessment of China: Urbanization in biodiversity hotspots --- 6. Sub-regional assessment of India --- 7. Local assessment of Bangalore.- 8. Local assessment of Tokyo --- 9. Local assessment of Shanghai --- 10. Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design --- 11. Urban ecosystem services.- 12. Shrinking cities, biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 13. Regional assessments of Europe --- 14. Regional assessment of North America --- 15. Regional assessment of Oceania --- 16. Local assessment of Istanbul: Biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 17. Local assessment of Stockholm --- 18. Local assessment of Chicago --- 19. Local assessment of New York City.-20. Local assessment of Melbourne --- 21. A synthesis of global urbanization projections --- 22. Urbanization forecasts, effects on land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem services --- 23. Regional assessment of Africa --- 24. Local assessment of Cape Town.- 25. Climate change and urban biodiversity vulnerability --- 26. Feeding cities --- 27. Urban governance of biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 28. Regional assessment of Latin America --- 29. Local assessment of Rio de Janeiro.- 30. Urban landscapes as learning arenas for biodiversity and ecosystem services management --- 31. Restoration ecology in an urbanizing world --- 32. Indicators for management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 33. Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 755 pages) , 150 illustrations, 23 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400770881
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Marine Sciences ; Aquatic biology ; Biodiversity ; Endangered ecosystems ; Wildlife management ; Science ; Study and teaching ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management ; Science Education
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. YOUMARES – A Conference from and for YOUng MARine RESearchers --- 2. Can Climate Models Simulate the Observed Strong Summer Surface Cooling in the Equatorial Atlantic? --- 3. The Physical System of the Arctic Ocean and Subarctic Seas in a Changing Climate --- 4. Marine Optics and Ocean Color Remote Sensing --- 5. Phytoplankton Responses to Marine Climate Change – An Introduction --- 6. Reading the Book of Life – Omics as a Universal Tool Across Disciplines --- 7. Bio-Telemetry as an Essential Tool in Movement Ecology and Marine Conservation --- 8. How Do They Do It? – Understanding the Success of Marine Invasive Species --- 9. For a World Without Boundaries: Connectivity Between Marine Tropical Ecosystems in Times of Change --- 10. Arctic Ocean Biodiversity and DNA Barcoding – A Climate Change Perspective --- 11. Regime Shifts – A Global Challenge for the Sustainable Use of our Marine Resources --- 12. Biodiversity and the Functioning of Ecosystems in the Age of Global Change: Integrating Knowledge Across Scales --- 13. Microplastics in Aquatic Systems – Monitoring Methods and Biological Consequences --- Appendix 1. List of Conference Participants --- Appendix 2. Conference Sessions and Abstracts
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 251 pages) , 58 illustrations, 46 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319932842
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Science (from the Latin “scio” and “ens”) means literally “I know the being”, where being is any real, any object, any specific phenomenon that occurs to our experience. Doing science means to have the possibility to observe, understand and control all the variables, all the synergistic force points inside the phenomenon. The scientist chooses an operating space and understands its causes, in order to vary them based on their expected functionality. The object of investigation of the Earth Sciences is the planet Earth, its relationships with the other bodies of the universe, its composition and structure, its physical and biological phenomena in relation to time, its continuous transformation and evolution processes and the existing connections among all these characteristics and the human activities. A large number of disciplines are included in the Earth Sciences: what joins them is not only their object or the similarity of their methods of analysis, but above all the substantial univocity in the vision of the Nature, considered as observation of the real in all its variables, and the consciousness that in the process of the scientific knowledge there must be the constant reversibility with reality. This is the carrying structure of the Earth Sciences, their force point. Once a natural phenomenon has been observed, the Earth Sciences frame it, verify it, demonstrate it with the use of appropriate rational instruments, often supplied by disciplines like physics, chemistry, mathematics. These disciplines guarantee rational rigor to the scientific knowledge procedure of the phenomena and turn out effective if applied in a functional way to man’s life and to the management of the Nature for man’s advantage. Therefore, it does not make sense to attribute superiority to a discipline rather than to another one. Every classification among Sciences sets meaningless separations if we look at the question from a viewpoint of complementarity and interdisciplinary character, with the aim of the knowledge and the resolution of the man’s problems. The authoritativeness of the Earth Sciences resides in their starting simply from the real data, from the observation of the natural phenomena, taking into account that the adaptation of each phenomenon inside a physical-mathematical model is only an abstract operation that makes possible scientific and technical applications. It is fundamental to avoid the infiltration of dogmatic assumptions that depart from the understanding of the phenomena and to be aware that we are using these assumptions as conventions based on economic and functional criteria. The Earth Sciences scientist has a privileged position compared with other scientists, because he/she is dipped in the real data, he/she starts from the natural phenomenon and for this reason he/she is much more conscious that the theoretical adaptation has only a functional aim. If the scientist retains this consciousness throughout the study, at the same time he/she will be capable to abstract the observation in order to theorize, make speculations and models. Therefore, the research must proceed starting from the data and pass through repeated hypotheses with identical result. This is the process of scientific knowledge, that allows us to enter an epistemic experience, that means “to be in the root” of the experiment. A criterion is epistemic if it is able to identify the real and to construct the formula of behaviour of this real while it moves. A science is verified if there is correspondence with Nature. The demonstration and the reliability of the Earth Sciences are given by the evidence of their results and the reversibility between the theoretical symbol and the real phenomenon. We have to start from the real, not from its theorization. If the exactness of the knowledge process is not recovered, doing science becomes impossible.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rimini, Italia
    Description: 5.8. TTC - Formazione e informazione
    Description: open
    Keywords: Science ; Knowledge ; Epistemic ; Real ; Nature ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-03-18
    Description: L’idea di questo volume nasce dal prezioso confronto che, ormai da qualche anno, ha preso vita fra i giuristi dell’Ateneo Fiorentino e gli scienziati del Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dello stesso Ateneo e dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. La consapevolezza della difficile penetrazione del sapere scientifico nel processo penale, come è dimostrato dalle delusioni delle decisioni giudiziarie su casi di grande rilevanza, anche mediatica, ci ha spinti a condensare queste riflessioni in un volume che si fregia del contributo di prestigiosi Autori i quali hanno voluto affiancarci in questo progetto. I curatori sono consapevoli che del tema si parla da lungo tempo, anche attraverso pubblicazioni scientifiche di notevole livello scientifico. Pur tuttavia, si è cercato di offrire al lettore un contributo originale, alimentando non soltanto la consapevolezza del complesso dibattito che si articola attorno ai rapporti fra Diritto e Scienza, ma offrendo altresì una serie di contributi tecnico-scientifici relativi alle discipline che oggi caratterizzano, in modo maggiormente pregnante, le vicende giudiziarie sulle responsabilità per i rischi della modernità. In questo senso si è certamente tratto spunto dal Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence, il quale, nella sua terza edizione, offre un ampio novero di guidelines volte a consentire agli attori del processo di comprendere quali requisiti debba soddisfare il contributo scientifico nelle materie di maggiore centralità ed attualità. Nel solco della preziosa esperienza maturata oltreoceano, ci auguriamo che tutti i saggi di questo volume possano a loro volta costituire quelle linee guida che servano a giudici, pubblici ministeri, avvocati, e perché no, agli stessi periti e consulenti tecnici, tanto per approfondire le problematiche di maggiore pregnanza in ordine alla necessità dell’ingresso di una buona scienza nel processo, quanto per discernere i corretti requisiti metodologici che lo scienziato deve seguire quando viene chiamato a rendere il proprio servizio a favore della verità processuale. Verità processuale e verità scientifica, nella loro necessaria complementarietà, si fondano su un metodo condiviso il quale non può mai prescindere dal rispetto di solide basi etiche poste a fondamento del patto sociale che permea la funzione processuale, incaricata di custodire i principi del Diritto penale sostanziale. Così, la sempre più pregnante esigenza che la decisione giudiziaria si conformi al sapere scientifico maggiormente accreditato ed attuale impone di conferire, oggi, una priorità ancora maggiore alla domanda su quale e quanta scienza possa e debba entrare nel processo penale. A questo interrogativo, che non deve mai abbandonare tanto il giurista quanto lo scienziato, i curatori auspicano che il lettore possa trovare risposta, almeno in parte, negli scritti di questo volume.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5TM. Informazione ed editoria
    Keywords: Science ; Law ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book
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  • 7
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    Morski Instytut Rybacki | Gdynia, Poland
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: W czerwcu 2001 roku mija osiemdziesiąt lat od powołania pierwszej polskiej placówki badań morza - Morskiego Laboratorium Rybackiego w Helu. Naukową opiekę nad Morskim Laboratorium Rybackim, początkowo podległym Morskiemu Urzędowi Rybackiemu w Wejherowie, sprawował Uniwersytet Poznański. Od 1925 roku Morskie Laboratorium Rybackie zostało podporządkowane Państwowemu Instytutowi Naukowemu Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Puławach, który podlegał z kolei Ministerstwu Rolnictwa. Sprawy przyszłości Laboratorium zaczęły się komplikować, kiedy w 1927 roku zagadnienia rybołówstwa morskiego przejęło Ministerstwo Przemysłu i Handlu, a w Warszawie w 1928 roku powołano stowarzyszenie Morski Instytut Rybacki subwencjonowane częściowo przez Ministerstwo Przemysłu i Handlu. W konsekwencji Morskie Laboratorium Rybackie znalazło się poza obszarem kompetencji zarówno Ministerstwa Przemysłu i Handlu, jak i Ministerstwa Rolnictwa, które redukując wydatki na badania naukowe w podległym mu Państwowym Instytucie Naukowym Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, doprowadziło w 1931 roku do likwidacji Morskiego Laboratorium Rybackiego. Dobra materialne i intelektualne zlikwidowanego laboratorium przejęła Stacja Morska w Helu, powołana w 1932 roku w wyniku działań podjętych przez Ministerstwo Przemysłu i Handlu oraz Ministerstwo Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego. W końcu 1938 roku Stacja Morska została przeniesiona do Gdyni. Po wojnie placówkę tę reaktywowano pod pierwotną nazwą Morskiego Laboratorium Rybackiego. W 1945 roku wznowiło również działalność stowarzyszenie Morski Instytut Rybacki pod komisarycznym zarządem państwowym, podporządkowe Ministerstwu Żeglugi. W 1949 roku nastąpiło włączenie Morskiego Laboratorium Rybackiego do Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego, który przejął przedwojenną siedzibę Stacji Morskiej w Gdyni. Szczegółowy opis wszystkich perypetii organizacyjnych pierwszej polskiej placówki badań morza znajdą czytelnicy w oddawanej im właśnie do rąk pracy profesora Andrzeja Ropelewskiego. Pozwoliłem sobie na skrótowe przywołanie chronologii tych wydarzeń, aby wykazać, że pomimo licznych zmian instytucjonalnych i organizacyjnych w dziedzinie badań rybackich w Polsce zachowana została ich ciągłość oraz w pewnym zakresie również baza materialna, a tym samym istnieje uzasadnienie uroczystych obchodów jubileuszu osiemdziesięciolecia Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego. Namawiając profesora Ropelewskiego do podjęcia się trudu przygotowania tej pozycji wydawniczej, zdawaliśmy sobie sprawę, że krąg ewentualnych odbiorców może ograniczać się do grona pracowników Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego i ich rodzin, a przypuszczalnie również, choć w mniejszym stopniu, do ludzi związanych z polskim rybołówstwem w drugiej połowie ostatniego stulecia. Profesor Ropelewski ze skrupulatnością typową dla historyka stworzył nie tylko szczegółową kronikę wydarzeń z historii Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego i jego pracowników, ale osadził ją w kontekście znacznie wykraczającym poza obszar spraw związanych z samym Instytutem i rybołówstwem. Mam więc nadzieję, że ta pozycja, adresowana początkowo do wąskiego grona czytelników, zamówiona i wydana dla uświetnienia Jubileuszu Instytutu, zainteresuje również szerszy krąg odbiorców. Mam tu na myśli tych wszystkich, którzy niekoniecznie byli lub są związani zawodowo z rybołówstwem, ale poczuwająsię do związków z szerzej pojmowaną gospodarką morską i nauką. Na przykładzie zmiennych kolei losu Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego na przestrzeni omawianego osiemdziesięciolecia, obejmujących okresy rozwoju, stagnacji, a ostatnio stopniowego ograniczania zatrudnienia i zakresu działalności, baczny czytelnik zauważy zapewne analogie nie tylko do ogólnej sytuacji rybołówstwa, ale czasami również nauki, a nawet polityki morskiej państwa. Morski Instytut Rybacki był, jest i zapewne nadal będzie związany z rybołówstwem morskim. Doświadczenia osiemdziesięciu lat wykazują że to właśnie potrzeby tej branży w znacznym stopniu decydowały o wielkości zatrudnienia i profilu kadry naukowej Instytutu oraz tematyce i geograficznej lokalizacji prowadzonych badań. Ze względu na nieodwracalny spadek udziału i znaczenia połowów dalekomorskich polskiego rybołówstwa, a tym samym ograniczenie zasadniczych rejonów badań do Morza Bałtyckiego, przed Instytutem stoją w dalszym ciągu duże wyzwania. Wyzwania te przede wszystkim dotyczą konieczności sprostania nowym międzynarodowym wymogom związanym z przystępowaniem Polski do Unii Europejskiej. W największym uproszczeniu wymogi te dotyczą istotnej zmiany podejścia do badań rybackich, od dotychczasowych badań ukierunkowanych głównie na obiekt połowów - ryby, do badań interdyscyplinarnych obejmujących szeroki zakres relacji pomiędzy ekosystemem i rybołówstwem. Takie podejście promuje m. in. Międzynarodowa Rada Badań Morza i Organizacja do Spraw Wyżywienia i Rolnictwa Narodów Zjednoczonych. Zalecana zmiana profilu badań rybackich stanowić może szansę rozwoju Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego, mimo zmniejszającej się roli rybołówstwa morskiego w gospodarce naszego kraju. W okresie osiemdziesięciu.lat swojej działalności MIR stał się instytucją, której dokonania znane są w kraju i zagranicą. Pomimo ogólnie znanych trudności finansowych nauki polskiej potencjał materialny i intelektualny Instytutu, tworzony przez tak długi okres, pozwala zachować pewien optymizm na przyszłość i mieć nadzieję, że nie zostanie on zmarnowany.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: History ; Institute ; Science ; Research ; Cruise ; Vessel ; Processing ; Technology ; Scientific information ; Sea ; Ocean ; ASFA_2015::F::Fisheries ; ASFA_2015::F::Fishery oceanography ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquatic biology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book/Monograph/Conference Proceedings , Not Known
    Format: 191pp.
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  • 8
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/9579 | 115 | 2012-10-03 11:43:38 | 9579 | WorldFish Center
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Roles of science in assisting natural resource management are discussed emphasizing on how science can best serve fisheries and natural resource management objectives.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Science ; Fishery management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 13-14
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of evolutionary economics 5 (1995), S. 43-57 
    ISSN: 1432-1386
    Keywords: Peer review ; Referees ; Science ; A14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The quality of researchers' work in economics and other sciences is generally evaluated through a system of peer review. In an experimental test it is shown that the peer review system can be very inefficient by creating a bias towards incremental development of existing methods and against exploration of new methods. Previous studies on this issue have put the blame on biases in individual judgement. Here the inefficiency is shown to occur even when researchers are rational and have perfect information as a result of strategic uncertainty about the extent to which other referees reject new methods. The experiment also shows that the bias generated by peer review can be alleviated by shifting some quality evaluation to non-researchers, even if these are poor at discerning quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of evolutionary economics 9 (1999), S. 97-107 
    ISSN: 1432-1386
    Keywords: Key words: Biotechnology ; Knowledge spillovers ; Science ; Entrepreneurship ; Startups ; JEL-classification: LO; O1; O3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper sheds light on the questions, Why does knowledge spill over? and How does knowledge spill over? The answer to these questions we suggest lies in the incentives confronting scientists to appropriate the expected value of their knowledge considered in the context of their path-dependent career trajectories. In particular, we focus on the ability of scientists to appropriate the value of knowledge embedded in their human capital along with the incentive structure influencing if and how scientists choose to commercialize their knowledge. We conclude that the spillover of knowledge from the source creating it, such as a university, research institute, or industrial corporation, to a new-firm startup facilitates the appropriation of knowledge for the individual scientist(s) but not necessarily for the organization creating that new knowledge in the first place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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