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Comparing Radiative Transfer Codes and Opacity Samplings for Solar Irradiance Reconstructions

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Abstract

Some techniques developed to reproduce solar irradiance variations make use of synthetic radiative fluxes of quiet and magnetic features. The synthesis of radiative fluxes of astronomical objects is likely to be affected by uncertainties resulting from approximations and specific input employed for the synthesis. In this work we compare spectra obtained with three radiative transfer codes with the purpose of investigating differences in reproducing solar irradiance variations. Specifically, we compare spectral synthesis produced in non-local thermodynamic equilibrium obtained with COSI and RH using 1-D atmosphere models. We also compare local thermodynamic equilibrium syntheses emerging from 3-D MURaM simulations of the solar atmosphere obtained with two sets of opacity tables generated with the ATLAS9 package and with the RH code, and test the effects of opacity sampling on the emergent spectra. We find that, although the different codes and methodologies employed to synthesize the spectrum reproduce overall the observed solar spectrum with a similar degree of accuracy, subtle differences in quiet Sun spectra may translate into larger differences in the computation of the contrasts of magnetic features, which, in turn, critically affect the estimates of solar variability.

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Acknowledgements

This work was inspired by fruitful discussions with the members of the international team of ID 335 team supported by the International Science Institute (ISSI), Bern. The National Solar Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This material is based upon work supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No. 1852977. MH acknowledges funding by Daniel Karbacher. We would like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Cheyenne (doi:10.5065/D6RX99HX) provided by NCAR’s Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation. This research was supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence scheme, project number 262622, and through grants of computing time from the Programme for Supercomputing. DF gratefully acknowledges partial support by project P29172 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Solar Observatory, 3665 Discovery Dr., Boulder, CO, 80303, USA

    Serena Criscuoli & Han Uitenbroek

  2. High Altitude Observatory, NCAR, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA

    Matthias Rempel

  3. Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium and World Radiation Center, Davos Dorf, Switzerland

    Margit Haberreiter

  4. Rosseland Centre for Solar Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029, Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway

    Tiago M. D. Pereira

  5. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029, Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway

    Tiago M. D. Pereira

  6. Institut für Astrophysik, Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Damian Fabbian

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  1. Serena Criscuoli
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Irradiance Variations of the Sun and Sun-like Stars

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Criscuoli, S., Rempel, M., Haberreiter, M. et al. Comparing Radiative Transfer Codes and Opacity Samplings for Solar Irradiance Reconstructions. Sol Phys 295, 50 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-020-01614-2

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