Abstract
Temporal changes in major solute concentrations in six Czech Republic lakes were monitored during the period 1984–1995. Four chronically-acidic lakes had decreasing concentrations of strong-acid anions (CSA = SO4 2- + NO3 - + Cl-), at rates of 3.0 to 9.0 μeq L-1 yr-1. Decreases in SO4 2-, NO3 -, and Cl- (at rates up to 5.1 μeq L-1 yr-1, 3.2 μeq L-1 yr-1, and 0.6 μeq L-1 yr-1, respectively) occurred. The response to the decrease in deposition of S was rapid and annual decline of SO4 2- in lake water was directly proportional to SO4 2- concentrations in the acidified lakes. Changes in NO3 - concentrations were modified by biological consumption within the lakes. The decline in CSA was accompanied in the four most acidic lakes by decreases in AlT, increases in pH at rates of 0.011 to 0.016 pH yr- 1, and decreases of Ca2+ and Mg2+ (but not Na+) in three lakes. The acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) increased significantly in all six lakes. Increases in base cation concentrations (CB = Ca2+ + Na+ + Mg2+ + K+) were the principal contributing factor to ANC increases in the two lakes with positive ANC, whereas decrease in CSA was the major factor in ANC increases in the four chronically-acidic lakes. The continued chemical recovery of these lakes depends on the uncertain trends in N deposition, the cycling of N in the lakes and their catchments, and the magnitude of the future decrease in S deposition.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aber, J. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Steudler, P. and Melillo, J. M.: 1989, BioScience 39, 378.
Allott, T. E. H., Harriman, R. and Battarbee, R. W.: 1992, Environ. Pollution 77, 219.
Battarbee, R.W., Flower, R. J., Stevenson, A. C., Jones, V. J., Harriman, R. and Appleby, P. G.: 1988, Nature 332, 530.
Bishop, K. H. and Hultberg, H.: 1995, Ambio 24, 85.
Brakke, D. F., Henriksen, A. and Norton, S. A.: 1990, Ver. Inter. Verein. Limnol. 24, 146.
Dillon, P. J., Reid, R. A. and Girard, R.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 31, 59.
Dillon, P. J., Reid, R. A. and de Grosbois, E.: 1987, Nature 329, 45.
Draaijers, G. P. J., Ivens, W. P. M. F., Bos, M. M. and Bleuten, W.: 1989, Environ. Pollution 60, 55.
Driscoll, C. T. and Van Dreason, R.: 1993, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 67, 319.
Fott, J., Pražáková, M., Stuchlík, E. and Stuchlíková, Z.: 1994, Hydrobiologia 274, 37.
Galloway, J. N., Norton, S. A. and Church, M. R.: 1983, Environ. Sci. Technol. 17, 541A.
Gunn, J. M. and Keller, W.: 1990, Nature 345, 431.
Harriman, R., Likens, G. E., Hultberg, H. and Neal, C.: 1994, 'Influence of Management Practices in Catchments on Freshwater Acidification', in Steinberg, C. E. W. and Wright, R. F. (eds.), Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems, Wiley, New York, pp. 83-101.
Hauhs, M. and Wright, R. F.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 31, 463.
Hemond, H. F.: 1990, Environ. Sci. Technol. 24, 1486.
Henriksen, A., Lien, L., Traaen, T. S., Sevaldrud, I. S. and Brakke, D. F.: 1988, Ambio 17, 259.
Hutchinson, T. C. and Havas, M.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil. Pollut. 28, 319.
Jeffries, D. S., Clair, T. A., Dillon, P. J., Papineau, M. and Stainton, M. P.: 1995, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 85, 577.
Jírovec, O. and Jírovcová, M.: 1937, Věst. k. č. spol. nauk. Tř. II. 13(1) (in Czech).
Kahl, J. S., Haines, T. A., Norton, S. A. and Davis, R. B.: 1993, Water,Air, and Soil Pollut. 67, 281.
Keller, W. and Pitblado, J. R.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 29, 285.
Keller, W., Pitblado, J. R. and Carbone, J.: 1992, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49, 25.
Keller, W. and Gunn, J. M.: 1995, 'Lake Water Quality Improvements and Recording Aquatic Communities', in Gunn, J.W. (ed.), Restoration and Recovery of an Industrial Region, Springer, New York, pp. 67-80.
Kopáček, J., Procházková, L., Stuchlík, E. and Blažka, P.: 1995, Limnol. Oceanogr. 40, 930.
LaZerte, B. D. and Dillon, P. J.: 1984, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41, 1664.
MacIsaac, H. J., Keller, W., Hutchinson, T. C. and Yan, N. D.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 31, 791.
Mitchell, M. C., Driscoll, C. T., Fuller, R. D., David, M. B. and Likens, G. E.: 1989, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53, 933.
Morling, G., Forsberg, C. and Wetzel, R. G.: 1985, OIKOS 44, 324.
Neal, C., Reynolds, B., Smith, C. J., Hill, S., Neal, M., Conway, T., Ryland, G. P., Jeffrey, H., Robson, A. J. and Fisher, R.: 1992, Sci. Total. Environ. 126, 75.
Nodvin, S. C., Driscoll, C. T. and Likens, G. E.: 1986, Soil. Sci. 142, 69.
Olsson, H. and Petersson, A.: 1993, Ambio 22, 312.
Pražáková, M. and Fott, J.: 1994, Hydrobiologia 274, 121.
Raddum, G. G. and Fjellheim, A.: 1995, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 85, 647.
Reuss, J. O. and Johnson, D. W.: 1986, 'Acid Deposition and Acidification of Soils and Waters', Ecological Ser. 59, Springer.
Rochelle, B. P., Church, M. R. and David, M. B.: 1987, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 33, 73.
Rudd, J. W. M., Kelly, C. A., Schindler, D. W. and Turner, M. A.: 1990, Limnol. Oceanogr. 35, 663.
Schindler, D.W., Beaty, K. G., Fee, E. J., Gruikshank, D. R., De Bruyn, E. R., Findlay, D. L., Linsey, G. A., Shearer, J.A., Stainton, M. P. and Turner, M. A.: 1990, Science 250, 967.
Schindler, D. W.: 1994, 'Changes Caused by Acidification to the Biodiversity: Productivity and Biogeochemical Cycles of Lakes', in Steinberg, C. E. W. and Wright, R. F. (eds.), Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems, Wiley, New York, pp. 153-164.
Skeffington, R. A. and Brown, D. J. A.: 1992. Environ. Pollution 77, 227.
Skeffington, R. A.: 1989, Nature 337, 217.
Skjelkvåle, B. L. and Henriksen, A.: 1995, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 85, 629.
Stoddard, J. L. and Kellogg, J. H.: 1993, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 67, 301.
Stoddard, J. L.: 1994, 'Long-Term Changes in Watershed Retention of Nitrogen', in Baker, L. A. (ed.), Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs, Adv. Chem. 237, pp. 223-284.
Švambera, V.: 1939, Sb. č. spol. zeměpisné 45, 15 (in Czech).
Tesař, M.: 1993, Acta Univ. Carol. Geol. 37, 57.
Umweltbundesamt Berlin: (1984-1996), Monatsberichte aus dem Meßnetz.
Veselý, J.: 1987, Chem. listy 81, 414 (in Czech).
Veselý, J.: 1990, Atmosph. Environ. 24A, 3085.
Veselý, J. and Majer, V.: 1992, Documenta Ist. Ital. Idrobiol. 32, 83.
Veselý, J., Almquist-Jacobson, H., Miller, L. M., Norton S. A., Appleby, P., Dixit, A. S. and Smol J. P.: 1993, J. Paleolimnol. 8, 211.
Veselý, J.: 1994, Čas. Nár. Muzea, Ř. přir. 163, 103.
Veselý, J., Hruška, J. and Norton, S. A.: (199x), Trends in water chemistry of acidified Bohemian lakes from 1984 to 1995. II. Trace elements and aluminum. In press.
Webster, K. E., Brezonik, P. L. and Holdhusen, B. J.: 1993, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 67, 397.
Wright, R. F., Lotse, E. and Semb, A.: 1993, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50, 258.
Wright, R. F., Cosby, B. J., Ferrier, R. C., Jenkins, A., Bulger, A. J. and Harrimann, R.: 1994, J. Hydrology 161, 257.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Veselý, J., Hruška, J., Norton, S.A. et al. Trends in the Chemistry of Acidified Bohemian Lakes from 1984 to 1995: I. Major Solutes. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 108, 107–127 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005064829981
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005064829981