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Rapid triage and transfer system for patients with proven Covid-19 at emergency departmentOriginal Research Article

Martin Jakl, Jana Berková, Tomáš Veleta, Vladimír Palička, Petra Polcarová, Jan Smetana, Petr Grenar, Martina Čermáková, Jan Vaněk, Jan M. Horáček, Jaromír Kočí

J Appl Biomed 22:59-65, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.006  

Background: COVID-19 is a viral disease notorious for frequent worldwide outbreaks. It is difficult to control, thereby resulting in overload of the healthcare system. A possible solution to prevent overcrowding is rapid triage of patients, which makes it possible to focus care on the high-risk patients and minimize the impact of crowding on patient prognosis. Methods: The triage algorithm assessed self-sufficiency, oximetry, systolic blood pressure, and the Glasgow coma scale. Compliance with the triage protocol was defined as fulfillment of all protocol steps, including assignment of the correct level of care. Triage was considered successful if...

Amelioration of obesity induction by a high-fat diet and related inflammation by Phasa fish (Setipinna phasa) oil in BALB/c miceOriginal Research Article

Titli Panchali, Ananya Dutta, Pipika Das, Amina Khatun, Riya Kar, Subhadeep Mondal, Keshab Chandra Mondal, Sudipta Chakrabarti, Kuntal Ghosh, Shrabani Pradhan

J Appl Biomed 22:49-58, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.003  

We have extracted and characterized Phasa fish (Setipinna phasa) oil for the first time to evaluate the anti-obesity and related anti-inflammatory effects on obese mice. Inbred male albino BALB/c mice were segregated into three categories: control (C), Obese control group (OC), and Phasa fish oil treated group (TX). To establish the potentiality of Setipinna phasa oil for its anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties, it was extracted and characterized using GC-MS method. To evaluate the anti-obesity effect, different parameters were considered, such as body weight, lipid composition, obesity, and obesity associated inflammation....

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein GRP78 and CHOP levels in synovial fluid correlate with disease progression of primary knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional studyOriginal Research Article

Dan-Dan Liu, Yuan-Chuang Zhao, Hai-Hong Li, Lian-Jun Yin, Jun-Qi Chen, Gang Liu

J Appl Biomed 22:40-48, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.001  

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to play an important role in osteoarthritis (OA). Objective: This study was aimed at assessing the relationship of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) concentrations in the serum/synovial fluid (SF) with disease severity of primary knee osteoarthritis (pkOA). Methods: Patients with pkOA together with healthy individuals were consecutively recruited from our hospital. The levels of GRP78 and CHOP in serum / SF were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of IL-6 and...

Anti-inflammatory effect of luteoloside against methylglyoxal induced human dental pulp cellsOriginal Research Article

Ji-Eun Kim, Pradhan Paras Man, Sungil Jang, Ho-Keun Yi ^*

J Appl Biomed 22:33-39, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.002  

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether luteoloside, a flavonoid, could protect human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) against inflammation and oxidative stress induced by methylglyoxal (MGO), one of the advanced glycated end products (AGE) substances. Methods: HDPCs were stimulated with MGO and treated with luteoloside. MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Protein expression was measured via western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured with a Muse Cell Analyzer. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and Alizarin red staining were used for mineralization assay. Results: Luteoloside down-regulated the expression...

Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide mediates priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway to exert immunostimulatory effectsOriginal Research Article

Youyi Liu, Huanxiao Zhang, Yuxuan Li, Hanqian Zha, Yujie Gao, Hui Chen, Yalin Wang, Tongxin Zhou, Chao Deng

J Appl Biomed 22:23-32, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.005  

Dictyophora indusiata, commonly known as bamboo fungus, is a type of edible mushroom that is highly popular worldwide for its rich flavor and nutritional value. It is also recognized for its pharmaceutical efficacy, with medicinal benefits attributed to its consumption. One of the most important components of Dictyophora indusiata is polysaccharide, which has been acknowledged as a promising regulator of biological response due to its immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific roles of polysaccharide in modulating the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation within macrophages remain relatively...

Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and growth parametersOriginal Research Article

Radim J. Šrám, Ivo Solanský, Anna Pastorková, Miloš Velemínský, Jr., Miloš Velemínský, Kateřina Hoňková, Hana Barošová, Jana Schmuczerová, Kateřina Urbancová, Darina Dvořáková, Jana Pulkrabová

J Appl Biomed 22:12-22, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.004  

Background and objectives: It has long been known that airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can negatively affect pregnancy and birth outcomes, such as birth weight, fetal development, and placental growth factors. However, similar studies yield divergent results. Our goal was to estimate the amount of monohydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) metabolites in the urine of pregnant women/mothers and their newborns in relation to birth outcomes, such as placenta weight, Apgar 5', and the growth parameters of children up to the age of two. Methods: Two cohorts of children born in 2013 and 2014 during the summer and winter seasons in the Czech Republic...

Selected widely prescribed pharmaceuticals: toxicity of the drugs and the products of their photochemical degradation to aquatic organismsReview Article

Šárka Klementová ^*, Martina Poncarová

J Appl Biomed 22:1-11, 2024 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.007  

Cholesterol-lowering drugs, antidiabetics, antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, and antibiotics belong to the most prescribed drugs worldwide. Because of the manufacture, excretion, and improper disposal of leftover drugs, the drugs enter waste waters and, subsequently, surface waters. They have been detected in surface waters all over the world, from concentrations of ng/l to concentrations several orders of magnitude higher. Since pharmaceuticals are designed to be both biologically and chemically stable, photochemical degradation by sun radiation represents a way of transformation in the natural environment. This review provides a survey of how selected...

Homospisulosine induced apoptosis in cervical carcinoma cells is associated with phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of p27/Kip1Original Research Article

Martina Bago Pilátová, Natália Nosálová, Gabriela Očkajáková, Martin Kello, Klaudia Kotorová, Peter Takáč, Peter Petik, Peter Bohuš, Kvetoslava Stanková, Miroslava Martinková, Roman Mezencev

J Appl Biomed 21:218-227, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.019  

Spisulosine (1-deoxysphinganine) is a sphingoid amino alcohol isolated from the sea clams that showed potent antiproliferative activity against a broad spectrum of solid tumors but failed in clinical trials due to neurotoxicity. However, its structural similarity to other bioactive sphingoids, interesting mode of action, and appreciable potency against cancer cells make it a suitable lead for future anticancer drug development. The present study was conducted to elucidate mechanisms of the antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects of newly synthesized spisulosine analog homospisulosine (KP7). The evaluation was performed on cervical carcinoma cells, representing...

Shenhuang plaster enhances intestinal anastomotic healing in rabbits through activation of the TGF-β and Hippo/YAP signaling pathwaysOriginal Research Article

Fengchun Xiao, Chenchen Zhu, Xing Wei, Guiping Chen ^*, Xiaohong Xu ^*

J Appl Biomed 21:208-217, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.018  

Although many efforts have been made to improve management strategies and diagnostic methods in the past several decades, the prevention of anastomotic complications, such as anastomotic leaks and strictures, remain a major clinical challenge. Therefore, new molecular pathways need to be identified that regulate anastomotic healing, and to design new treatments for patients after anastomosis to reduce the occurrence of complications. Rabbits were treated with a MST1/2 inhibitor XMU-XP-1, a Chinese medicine formula Shenhuang plaster (SHP) or a control vehicle immediately after surgery. The anastomotic burst pressure, collagen deposition, and hydroxyproline...

Effect of Usnea longissima ethyl acetate extract on acute oxidative and inflammatory lung damage from Staphylococcus aureus infection in ratsOriginal Research Article

Bulent Dabanlioglu, Bahadir Suleyman, Renad Mammadov, Bulent Yavuzer, Sumeyye Akyuz, Onder Akkas, Behzad Mokhtare, Emine Akyuz Turumtay, Durdu Altuner, Taha Abdulkadir Coban, Halis Suleyman

J Appl Biomed 21:200-207, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.022  

The role of oxidants and proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been demonstrated. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract (EtOAc) obtained from Usnea longissima (UL) against acute oxidative and inflammatory lung damage due to S. aureus infection in rats. Albino Wistar-type male rats were divided into three groups: Healthy (HG), S. aureus inoculated (SaG), and S. aureus inoculated + ULEtOAc administered (SUL). SaG (n = 6) and SUL (n = 6) group rats' left nostrils (excluding HG) were...

Naringin inhibits P2X4 receptor expression on satellite glial cells in the neonatal rat dorsal root ganglionOriginal Research Article

Hongji Wang, Lisha Chen, Juping Xing, Xiangchao Shi, Changshui Xu

J Appl Biomed 21:193-199, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.021  

Naringin inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress, the P2 purinoreceptor X4 receptor (P2X4R) is associated with glial cell activation and inflammation, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of naringin on P2X4 receptor expression on satellite glial cells (SGCs) and its possible mechanisms. ATP promoted the SGC activation and upregulated P2X4R expression; naringin inhibited SGC activation, decreased expression of P2X4R, P38 MAPK/ERK, and NF-κB, and reduced levels of Ca2+, TNF-α, and IL-1β in SGCs in an ATP-containing environment. These findings suggest that naringin attenuates the ATP-induced SGC activation and reduces...

Ginsenoside Rb2 improves heart failure by down-regulating miR-216a-5p to promote autophagy and inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stressOriginal Research Article

You Peng, Bin Liao, Yan Zhou, Wei Zeng

J Appl Biomed 21:180-192, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.024  

Background: Ginsenoside Rb2 is beneficial in cardiovascular disease treatment, yet its role in heart failure (HF) is obscure. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF. Methods: The left anterior descending branch-ligated HF rat model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cell model were constructed. Ginsenoside Rb2 were applied for intervention. Heart function indexes, miR-216a-5p expression, autophagy, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell morphology, and proliferation were detected to explore the effect of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF. Overexpression of miR-216a-5p was employed to explore the specific...

False aneurysms of the thoracic aorta: anastomosis investigation using the inflation-extension testOriginal Research Article

Sandra Rečičárová, Hynek Chlup, Michael Jonák, Ivan Netuka

J Appl Biomed 21:174-179, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.023  

Introduction: False aneurysms in the thoracic aorta are dangerous complications that can occur after cardiac surgery. They often result in high mortality rates. These aneurysms are caused by damage to all layers of the aortic wall. This study aimed to pinpoint the area of the experimental specimen (native vessel, anastomosis, or prosthetic graft) with the greatest deformation, to determine whether a false aneurysm is likely to develop in the anastomotic portion. Methods: We conducted the inflation-extension test by performing eight cycles ranging from 0 to 20. The pressure sampling frequency was 100 Hz, and each cycle lasted approximately 34 seconds,...

Olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and trigeminal event-related potentials (TERPs) - a pilot study in Czech participants with normal sense of smellOriginal Research Article

Richard Holý, Karla Janoušková, Libor Vašina, Eva Maute, David Kalfeřt, Kristýna Mamiňák, Eva Augste, Jiří Hložek, Helene Schulz, David Funda, Jaromír Astl

J Appl Biomed 21:167-173, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.020  

Introduction: In recent years, the evaluation of potential events related to olfactory events (OERPs) and trigeminal events (TERPs) has become increasingly important in the diagnosis of olfactory disorders. This technique is increasingly used in basic research and clinical practice to evaluate people suffering from olfactory disorders. Purpose of the study: In a pilot project of the first investigations of OERPs and TERPs in the Czech Republic, we analyse the event-related potentials of the data of normosmic participants. Methods: In the prospective study, 21 normosmic participants were enrolled for a 2-year period (5/2021-5/2023). OERPs/TERPs were...

Allele frequency and genotype distribution of the opioid receptor μ-1 (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism in the Western Saudi populationOriginal Research Article

Amina M. Bagher ^*, Rawan H. Hareeri

J Appl Biomed 21:160-165, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.012  

The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A118G (rs1799971) in the Mu Opioid Receptor 1 (OPRM1) gene is associated with significant variations in analgesic doses and adverse effects of opioids. The A118G OPRM1 allele distributions vary significantly between different populations worldwide. The study aimed to assess the allele frequency and genotype distribution of OPRM1 A118G SNP in Saudis. This cross-sectional study included 124 healthy Saudis (62 males and 62 females) visiting the King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The Oragene®-DISCOVER (OGR-600) kits were used to collect saliva samples from the participants. Polymerase...

The molecular targets of Kangai injection in gastric cancer by in silico network pharmacology approach and experiment confirmationOriginal Research Article

Yongjun Qiu ^*, Sujun Huang, Minfang Zhu

J Appl Biomed 21:150-159, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.017  

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents that could target gastric cancer in Kangai injection using a network pharmacology-based approach. Methods: Protein-protein interactions (PPI), Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were conducted utilizing String and OmicShare tools. In the in vitro experiments, the related mRNA and protein levels were assessed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Results:...

Guanxinning tablets improve myocardial hypertrophy by inhibiting the activation of MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathwayOriginal Research Article

Yan Zhang, Yu Huang, Quan-xin Ma, Song-tao Xu, Liye Shen, Yan-yun Xu, Hai-ye Tu, Min-li Chen, Yi-li Rong

J Appl Biomed 21:137-149, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.014  

Myocardial hypertrophy may lead to heart failure and sudden death. As traditional Chinese medicine, Guanxinning tablets (GXN) have significant pharmacological effects in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the anti-cardiac hypertrophy efficacy of GXN and its mechanism of action are still unclear. Therefore, we established a heart failure rat model and isolated primary cardiomyocytes of neonatal rat to observe the protective effect of GXN on heart failure rat model and the intervention effect on myocardial cell hypertrophy, and to explore the possible mechanism of GXN preventing and treating myocardial hypertrophy. The...

Anticancer and antimicrobial evaluation of extract from brown algae Hormophysa cuneiformisOriginal Research Article

Nehal A. H. K. Osman, Omniya M. Abd-Elazeem, Rasha A. Al-Eisa, Nahla S. El-Shenawy

J Appl Biomed 21:121-136, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.016  

Aim: We investigated the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of an ethanol crude extract of Red Sea brown alga (Hormophysa cuneiformis) from Egypt. Methods: Extraction was achieved by mixing 100 g of sample powder with absolute ethanol, incubating at 37 °C overnight in a shaking incubator, and then collecting the extract. The extract's antimicrobial activity was tested using a well diffusion assay against the tested pathogens (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans) in comparison to commercial antibiotics. Anticancer activity was assessed using MTT assay on MCF-7, HepG-2, and HEP-2...

Resting-state EEG alpha rhythm spectral power in children with specific language impairment: a cross-sectional studyOriginal Research Article

Nina Stanojević, Saška Fatić, Ljiljana Jeličić, Vanja Nenadović, Miodrag Stokić, Ružica Bilibajkić, Miško Subotić, Tatjana Bošković Matić, Ljubica Konstantinović, Dragana Ćirović

J Appl Biomed 21:113-120, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.013  

Purpose: This study investigated EEG alpha rhythm spectral power in children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and compared it to typically developing children to better understand the electrophysiological characteristics of this disorder. Specifically, we explored resting-state EEG, because there are studies that point to it being linked to speech and language development. Methods: EEG recordings of 30 children diagnosed with specific language impairment and 30 typically developing children, aged 4.0-6.11 years, were carried out under eyes closed and eyes open conditions. Differences in alpha rhythm spectral power in relation to brain topography...

The importance of preoperative and perioperative Narrow Band Imaging endoscopy in the diagnosis of pre-tumor and tumor lesions of the larynxOriginal Research Article

Tomáš Filipovský, David Kalfeřt, Eva Lukavcová, Šárka Zavázalová, Jiří Hložek, Daniel Kovář, Jaromír Astl, Richard Holý

J Appl Biomed 21:107-112, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.015  

Introduction: Narrow band imaging (NBI) is an endoscopic imaging method intended for the diagnosis of mucosal lesions of the larynx that are not visible in white-light endoscopy, but are typical of pre-tumor and tumor lesions of the larynx. The purpose of the study: To compare preoperative/perioperative white light endoscopy and NBI endoscopy with the results of histopathological examinations in pre-tumor and tumor lesions of the larynx. Methods: A prospective study, over a period of five years (5/2018-5/2023), included 87 patients with laryngeal lesions aged 24-80 years. We evaluated preoperative/ perioperative white light and NBI endoscopy, established...

Experimental study on clinical and morphological determination of the optimal cannula diameter for lipoaspirate harvest from rabbit inguinal fat padOriginal Research Article

Ilona Pak, Meirambek Askarov, Nurlan Kissamedenov, Dmitriy Klyuyev, Yevgeniy Kamyshanskiy

J Appl Biomed 21:99-105, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.011  

Determining the most appropriate cannula diameter for lipoaspirate harvesting is important, both in terms of the quality and composition of the material obtained, and the ease of practical use of the cannula. The size of the cannula is one of the main factors affecting the qualitative characteristics of the obtained lipoaspirate sample for further use of adipose tissue. The purpose of the investigation was to clinically and histomorphometrically determine the optimal cannula diameter for lipoaspirate samples collection from rabbit inguinal fat pad in an experimental study. The methods of Animal models, Surgical procedures, Macroscopic examination,...

The hepatoprotective effect of Sophora viciifolia fruit extract against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in miceOriginal Research Article

Shanshan Qi, Beibei Lin, Sanqiao Wu, Hao Hao, Hongxin Zheng, Xiang Liu, Xiaoying Zhang, Lijuan Yue, Chen Chen

J Appl Biomed 21:91-98, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.008  

This research demonstrated the protective effect and possible mechanism of the Sophora viciifolia extract (SVE) against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. The levels of ALT and AST in the serum and antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver were measured. We used immunohistochemistry to detect CYP2E1, Nrf2, and Keap1 protein expression in the liver. The mRNA expression in the liver of TNF-α, NF-κB, and IL-6, Nrf2 and its downstream genes HO-1 and GCLC were measured by qRT-PCR. We found that SVE could decrease the ALT and AST levels, promote the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px,...

Antioxidant action of xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat protects the liver and blood vasculature in SHRSP5/Dmcr ratsOriginal Research Article

Mai Kakimoto, Moe Fujii, Ikumi Sato, Koki Honma, Hinako Nakayama, Sora Kirihara, Taketo Fukuoka, Shang Ran, Satoshi Hirohata, Kazuya Kitamori, Shusei Yamamoto, Shogo Watanabe

J Appl Biomed 21:80-90, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.009  

Background: Xanthine oxidase (XO) generates reactive oxygen species during uric acid production. Therefore, XO inhibitors, which suppress oxidative stress, may effectively treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis via uric acid reduction. In this study, we examined the antioxidant effect of the XO inhibitor febuxostat on NASH and atherosclerosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive 5 (SHRSP5/Dmcr) rats. Methods: SHRSP5/Dmcr rats were divided into three groups: SHRSP5/Dmcr + high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet [control group, n = 5], SHRSP5/Dmcr + HFC diet + 10% fructose (40 ml/day) [fructose group, n =...

In vitro study of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone activity on endothelial activation and monocyte adhesionOriginal Research Article

Al'Aina Yuhainis Firus Khan, Fahmi Mohtar, Thuhairah Abdul Rahman, Suhaila Abdul Muid, Gabriele Ruth Anisah Froemming, Hapizah Nawawi

J Appl Biomed 21:73-79, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.006  

Introduction: Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the bioactive compounds in Nigella sativa (NS). Also known as black seeds/cumin, it has been postulated to possess anti-atherogenic properties. However, research on the effects of NS oil (NSO) and TQ on atherogenesis remain scarce. The aim of this study is to determine gene and protein expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and Endothelial-eukocyte adhesion molecule (E-selectin) in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells (HCAECs). Methods: HCAECs were stimulated for 24 hours (h) with 200 µg/ml of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and different...

Sequential hybrid ablation versus surgical CryoMaze alone for treatment of atrial fibrillation (SurHyb Trial): a protocol of the multicentre randomized controlled trialOriginal Research Article

Alan Bulava, Aleš Mokráček, Dan Wichterle, Petr Budera, Pavel Osmančík, Petr Kačer, Linda Vetešková, Petr Němec, Tomáš Skála, Petr Šantavý, Jan Chovančík, Piotr Branny, Vitalii Rizov, Miroslav Kolesár, Marian Rybář

J Appl Biomed 21:67-72, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.007  

Background: Atrial fibrillation is common in patients with structural heart disease who are undergoing cardiac surgery. Surgical CryoMaze has been shown to be an effective treatment in several trials, but success rates have varied considerably, between 47-95%. The sequential hybrid approach, combining surgical CryoMaze followed by radiofrequency catheter ablation, can achieve high freedom from atrial arrhythmias. However, in patients with concomitant surgical atrial fibrillation treatment, data comparing the hybrid approach to CryoMaze alone are lacking. Methods: The SurHyb study was designed as a prospective, open-label, multicentre randomized trial....

Causality assessment of adverse drug reaction: A narrative review to find the most exhaustive and easy-to-use tool in post-authorization settingsReview Article

Pallavi Pradhan, Maude Lavallée, Samuel Akinola, Fernanda Raphael Escobar Gimenes, Anick Bérard, Julie Méthot, Marie-Eve Piché, Jennifer Midiani Gonella, Lyne Cloutier, Jacinthe Leclerc

J Appl Biomed 21:59-66, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.010  

Background: The core motive of pharmacovigilance is the detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), to improve the risk-benefit balance of the drug. However, the causality assessment of ADRs remains a major challenge among clinicians, and none of the available tools of causality assessment used for assessing ADRs have been universally accepted. Objective: To provide an up-to-date overview of the different causality assessment tools. Methods: We conducted electronic searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database. The eligibility of each tool was screened by three reviewers. Each eligible tool was then scrutinized for its domains...

Effects of oleanolic acid on hair growth in mouse dorsal skin mediated via regulation of inflammatory cytokinesOriginal Research Article

Bing Zhang, Wenyun Zhang, Jianfang Luo, Jian He, Xiaomin Zheng, Siyang Zhu, Baoshan Rong, Yong Ai, Lanyue Zhang, Tinggang He

J Appl Biomed 21:48-57, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.003  

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid with favourable physiological activity. It is widely distributed in more than 200 species of plants. OA has garnered significant interest because of its potential biological activities, such as antioxidant, bacteriostatic, and hair growth-promoting effects. To study the effect of OA on hair growth and related mechanisms, we investigated hair growth in mice with testosterone-induced androgenetic alopecia (AGA) that were treated with three different concentrations of OA. The antioxidant, bacteriostatic, and cytotoxic effects of OA were evaluated. We found that mice with testosterone-induced AGA...

Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cellsOriginal Research Article

Carol Castañeda, Karent Bravo, Natalie Cortés, Janeth Bedoya, Warley de S. Borges, Jaume Bastida, Edison Osorio

J Appl Biomed 21:36-47, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.004  

Skin cancer has high rates of mortality and therapeutic failure. In this study, to develop a multi-agent strategy for skin cancer management, the selective cytotoxicity of several alkaloid fractions and pure alkaloids isolated from Amaryllidaceae species was evaluated in melanoma cells. In addition, UVB-stimulated keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to seven alkaloid fractions characterized by GC-MS, and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and IL-6, were measured to evaluate their photoprotection effects. The Eucharis caucana (bulb) alkaloid fraction (20 μg/ml) had a clear effect on the viability of melanoma cells,...

As a novel anticancer candidate, ether extract of Dendrobium nobile overstimulates cellular protein biosynthesis to induce cell stress and autophagyOriginal Research Article

Ruoxi Zhao, Shigang Zheng, Ying Li, Xueqin Zhang, Dan Rao, Ze Chun, Yadong Hu

J Appl Biomed 21:23-35, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2022.019  

Increasing data has confirmed the potential anticancer properties of Dendrobium, a traditional Chinese herb. However, most anticancer compositions from the plant of Dendrobium were usually extracted by high polar solvent, while weak polar compositions with excellent anticancer activity remained largely unexplored. In this study, the differences between ether extract and ethanol extract of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. on chemical components and anticancer activities were investigated, as well as the anticancer mechanisms among different extracts. The results demonstrated that the ether extract exhibited a stronger anticancer effect...

hKLK alleviates myocardial fibrosis in mice with viral myocarditisOriginal Research Article

Youfa Qin, Xiaomei Ye, Ye Luo, Luting Peng, Guanghui Zhou, Yongkun Zhu, Chunyu Pan

J Appl Biomed 21:15-22, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.005  

Myocardial fibrosis is the most serious complication of viral myocarditis (VMC). This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic benefits and underlying mechanisms of lentivirus-mediated human tissue kallikrein gene transfer in myocardial fibrosis in VMC mice. We established VMC mouse model via intraperitoneal injection with Coxsackie B3 virus. The effect was then assessed after treatment with vehicle, the empty lentiviral vectors (EZ.null), and the vectors expressing hKLK1 (EZ.hKLK1) via tail vein injection for 30 days, respectively. The results showed that administering EZ.hKLK1 successfully induced hKLK1 overexpression in mouse heart. Compared with...