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New data on the incertae sedis biota and foraminifera of the mid-Famennian Baelen Member (Late Devonian, eastern Belgium)

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An Erratum to this article was published on 09 February 2017

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Abstract

The Baelen mud mounds in eastern Belgium represent a local member of the mid-Famennian Souverain-Pré Formation (an important carbonate interval within the Condroz Sandstone Group). The lower part of this member contains silty bioclastic wackestones and packstones that are particularly rich in the problematical protists Serrisinella and Dreesenulella. Plurilocular foraminifera (Septabrunsiina and Baelenia) and rare solitary rugose corals (Neaxon? sp.) occur within crinoidal grainstones (tempestites) interfingering with the latter bioclastic wacke-/packstones and with red-stained stromatactoid spiculitic mudstones (carbonate mud mound core facies). Although Serrisinella is quite common in other mid-Famennian limestones of Belgium, Dreesenulella is almost endemic of the Baelen Member. Both genera apparently inhabited the muddy sediment-water interface, constituting meadows probably in zones of intermittently strong bottom currents. The taxonomic similarities between Dreesenulella and Saccamminopsis are discussed, as well as their possible affinities with the Xenophyophora and Kokomiacea. The first stages of the Septabrunsiina–Baelenia foraminiferal lineage are analysed in detail. The taxonomic and palaeoecological positioning of Serrisinella and Dreesenulella adds to the discussion about the palaeobathymetry of the Baelen mud mounds and corroborates sedimentological evidence for their relatively shallow carbonate ramp depositional setting.

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  • 09 February 2017

    An erratum to this article has been published.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dieter Weyer for the identification of the solitary rugose corals from the Baelen Member and to J. Kalvoda and P. Cózar for their constructive reviews.

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  1. 1 rue des Tilleuls, 59152, Gruson, France

    Daniel Vachard

  2. UFR Sciences de la Terre, UMR CNRS 8198 Evolution, Ecologie et Paléontologie, Université de Lille-Sciences et Technologies, Building SN 5, 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq cedex, France

    Daniel Vachard

  3. O.D. Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstreet 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium

    Roland Dreesen & Bernard Mottequin

  4. Evolution & Diversity Dynamics Laboratory, Université de Liège, Quartier Agora B18, Allée du Six-Août, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Jean-Marc Marion

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This article is a contribution to the special issue “Climate change and biodiversity patterns in the mid-Palaeozoic”.

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Vachard, D., Dreesen, R., Marion, JM. et al. New data on the incertae sedis biota and foraminifera of the mid-Famennian Baelen Member (Late Devonian, eastern Belgium). Palaeobio Palaeoenv 97, 565–584 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-016-0263-y

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