Abstract
Calculations of the second virial coefficients and their derivatives for the Hulburt-Hirschfelder (HH) and other accurate interaction potentials are used to determine the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen at high temperatures. Unlike the usual methods employing partition functions, which are most accurate at low temperatures where the energy levels are precisely known, the virial coefficient method depends on integrating over potential energy functions which provide a useful description of energies even near the top of the potential well, a region where the vibrational-rotational energy levels are not readily accessible. This makes this method particularly useful for predicting high-temperature properties outside the range of laboratory measurements and beyond the useful limits of the partition function approach. In the present work, we use the virial coefficient method to predict the heat capacities and enthalpies of nitrogen up to 25,000 K.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. M. Wallace and P. V. Hobbs, Atmospheric Science (Academic Press, New York, 1977).
J. N. Moss, J. J. Jones, and A. L. Simmonds, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 64, R. Viskanta, ed. (AIAA, New York, 1979), p. 22.
L. Biolsi, J. Geophys. Res. 83:2476 (1978).
L. Biolsi and L. R. Wallace, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 64, R. Viskanta, ed. (AIAA, New York, 1979), p. 65.
L. Biolsi and K. J. Biolsi, J. Geophys. Res. 84:5311 (1979).
L. Biolsi, AIAA J. 18:596 (1980).
L. Biolsi, J. T. Fenton, and B. Owenson, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 82, T. E. Horton, ed. (AIAA, New York, 1982), p. 17.
L. Biolsi, J. C. Rainwater, and P. M. Holland, J. Chem. Phys. 77:448 (1982).
L. Biolsi, J. Geophys. Res. 83:1125 (1978).
B. Flori and L. Biolsi, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 82, T. E. Horton, ed. (AIAA, New York, 1982), p. 37.
J. C. Rainwater, L. Biolsi, K. J. Biolsi, and P. M. Holland, J. Chem. Phys. 79:1462 (1983).
L. Biolsi and P. M. Holland, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 103, J. N. Moss and C. D. Scott, eds. (AIAA, New York, 1986), p. 261.
J. T. Vanderslice, S. Weissman, E. A. Mason, and R. J. Fallon, Phys. Fluids 5:155 (1962).
N. Davidson, Statistical Mechanics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1962), Chaps. 7, 8, 15.
G. Herzberg, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules (Van Nostrand, New York, 1950).
K. P. Huber and G. Herzberg, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules (Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1979).
R. E. Sonntag and G. J. Van Wylen, Fundamentals of Statistical Thermodynamics (Wiley & Sons, New York, 1968).
D. R. Stull and H. Prophet (eds.), JANAF Thermochemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS37 (June, 1971).
A. Balakrishnan, Paper 86-1277, AIAA/ASME 4th Joint Thermophys. Heat Transfer Conf., Boston (June 1986).
C. W. Beckett and L. Haar, in Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids, O. A. Saunders, ed. (Inst. Mech. Eng., London, 1958), p. 27.
O. Sinanoglu and K. S. Pitzer, J. Chem. Phys. 31: 960 (1959).
G. Baumann, Z. Phys. Chem. 14:113 (1958).
W. G. Browne, Adv. Aero. Phys. Tech. Memo No. 8 (GE Company, Valley Forge, Pa., May 1962).
C. W. Beckett, M. S. Green, and H. W. Wooley, in Annual Reviews of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 7, H. Eyring, C. J. Christensen, and H. S. Johnston, eds. (Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, Calif., 1956), p. 287.
F. H. Mies and P. S. Julienne, J. Chem. Phys. 77:6162 (1982).
H. W. Wooley, J. Chem. Phys. 21:236 (1953).
K. S. Pitzer, Quantum Chemistry (Prentice-Hall, New York, 1953), Chap. 11.
T. L. Hill, An Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics (Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1960), Chap. 15.
O. K. Rice, Statistical Mechanics, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics (Freeman, San Francisco, 1967), Chap. 8.
J. C. Rainwater, P. M. Holland, and L. Biolsi, in Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 82, T. E. Horton, ed. (AIAA, New York, 1982), p. 3.
J. C. Rainwater, P. M. Holland, and L. Biolsi, J. Chem. Phys. 77: 434 (1982).
D. Steele, E. R. Lippincott, and J. T. Vanderslice, Rev. Mod. Phys. 34: 239 (1962).
P. H. Krupenie, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1: 423 (1972).
P. M. Holland, L. Biolsi, and J. C. Rainwater, Chem. Phys. 99:383 (1985).
P. M. Holland, L. Biolsi, and J. C. Rainwater, J. Chem. Phys. 85:4011 (1986).
P. M. Holland and L. Biolsi, J. Chem. Phys. 87:1261 (1987).
P. M. Holland and L. Biolsi, J. Chem. Phys. 89:3203 (1988).
A. Lofthus and P. H. Krupenie, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 6:113 (1977).
D. Cerny, F. Roux, C. Effantin, and J. D'Incan, J. Mol. Spec. 81:216 (1980).
P. K. Carroll, C. C. Collins, and J. T. Murnaghan, J. Phys. B 5:1634 (1972).
J. W. Ledbetter, Jr., and K. Dressler, J. Mol. Spec. 63:370 (1976).
R. Piessens, E. de Doncker-Kapenga, C. W. Uberhuber, and D. K. Kahaner, QUAD-PACK: A Subroutine Package for Automatic Integration (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983).
P. M. Holland, J. F. Ely, and H. J. M. Hanley, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. 82:123 (1977).
J. F. Ely and H. J. M. Hanley, Mol. Phys. 30:565 (1975).
P. Clancy, D. W. Gough, G. P. Matthews, E. B. Smith, and G. C. Maitland, Mol. Phys. 30:1397 (1975).
A. Boushehri, L. A. Viehland, and E. A. Mason, Physica 91A:434 (1978).
J. Kestin, K. Knierim, E. A. Mason, B. Najafi, S. T. Ro, and M. Waldman, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 13:229 (1984).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Phair, R., Biolsi, L. & Holland, P.M. Thermodynamic properties of nitrogen molecules at high temperatures. Int J Thermophys 11, 201–211 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00503871
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00503871