Abstract
A 500-MHz 1H-NMR study on the single-stranded DNA undecamer (11-mer) 5′d AAGTGTGATAT is presented. Using a combination of one-dimensional pre-steady-state nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) measurements and two-dimensional homonuclear J-correlated spectroscopy, virtually complete resonance assignments are obtained. The relative magnitudes of the intra- and internucleotide NOEs indicate that the overall structure of the single-stranded 11-mer is a right-handed B-type helix with extensive base stacking. Within this overall structure there is quite a large degree of variability, as exemplified by variations in glycosidic bond and sugar pucker conformations, most likely determined by base sequence.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- NOE:
-
nuclear Overhauser effect
- COSY:
-
twodimensional homonuclear J-correlated spectroscopy
- 11-mer:
-
undecamer
- EDTA:
-
sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate
- HPLC:
-
nigh-pressure liquid chromatography
- DSS:
-
4,4-dimethylsilapentane-1-sulfonate
References
Altona C (1982) Conformational analysis of nucleic acids: determination of backbone geometry of single-helical RNA and DNA in aqueous solution. Rec J R Netherlands Chem Soc. 101: 413–433
Arnott S, Hukins DWL (1972) Optimized parameters for A-DNA and B-DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 47: 1504–1509
Arnott S, Chandrasekaran R, Hall IH, Puigjaner LC, Walker JK, Wang M (1983) DNA secondary structures: helices, wrinkles and junctions. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 47: 53–65
Aue WP, Bartholdi E, Ernst RR (1976) Two dimensional spectroscopy: application to nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chem Phys 64: 2229–2246
Baumann R, Wider G, Ernst RR, Wüthrich K (1981) Improvement of 2D NOE and 2D correlated spectra by symmetrization. J Magn Reson 44: 402–406
Camerman N, Fawcett JK, Camerman A (1976) Molecular structure of a deoxyribose-dinucleotide, sodium thymidylyl-(5′→3′)-thymydylate-(5′) hydrate (pTpT), and a possible structural model for polythymiydilate. J Mol Biol 107: 601–621
Cheng DM, Sarma RH (1977) Intimate details of the conformational characteristics of deoxyribodinucleoside monophosphates in aqueous solution. J Am Chem Soc 99: 7333–7348
Cheng DM, Kan LS, Leutzinger EE, Jayaraman K, Miller PS, Ts'o POP (1982) Conformational study of two short pentadeoxyribonucleotides, d-CpCpApApG and d-CpTpTpGpG, and their fragments by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Biochemistry 21: 621–630
Clore GM, Gronenborn AM (1983) Sequence-dependent structural variations in two right handed alternating pyrimidine-purine DNA oligomers in solution determined by nuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements. EMBO J 2: 2109–2115
Clore GM, Gronenborn AM (1984) A nuclear Overhauser enhancement study of the solution structure of a double stranded DNA undecamer comprising a portion of the specific target site for the cyclic AMP receptor protein in the gal operon: sequential resonance assignment. Eur J Biochem 141: 119–129
Clore GM, Groneborn AM, McLaughlin LW (1984) The structure of the ribotrinucleoside diphosphate codon UpUpC bound to tRNAPhe from yeast: a time dependent transferred nuclear Overhouser enhancement study. J Mol Biol 174: 163–173
Conner BN, Takano T, Tanaka S, Itakura K, Dickerson RE (1982) The molecular structure of d(CpCpGpG), a fragment of right handed double helical A DNA. Nature 215: 294–299
Dickerson RE, Drew HR (1981) Structure of a B-DNA dodecamer. J Mol Biol 149: 761–786
Dickerson RE, Drew HR, Conner BN, Kopka ML, Pjura PE (1983) Helix geometry and hydration in A-DNA, B-DNA and Z-DNA. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 47: 13–24
Dobson CM, Olejniczak ET, Poulsen FM, Ratcliffe RG (1982) Time development of proton nuclear Overhauser effects in proteins. J Magn Reson 48: 97–110
Feigon J, Wright JM, Leupin W, Denny WA, Kearns DR (1982) Use of two-dimensional NMR in the study of a double stranded DNA decamer. J Am Chem Soc 104: 5540–5541
Gait MJ, Matthes HWD, Singh M, Sproat BS, Titmas RC (1982) Synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides by a continuous flow phosphotriester method on a kieselguhr/polyamide support. In: Gassen HG, Lang A (eds) Chemical and enzymatic gene synthesis. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 1–42
Gronenborn AM, Clore GM, Jones MB, Jirizny J (1983) A nuclear Overhauser enhancement study on the imino proton resonances of a DNA pentadecamer comprising the specific target site of the cyclic AMP receptor protein in the ara BAD operon. FEBS Lett 165: 216–222
Gronenborn AM, Clore GM, Kimber BJ (1984) An investigation into the solution structures of two self-complementary DNA oligomers, 5′d(CGTACG) and 5′d(ACGCGCGT) by means of nuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements. Biochem J 221: 723–736
Guéron M, Chachaty C, Tran-Dinh S (1973) Properties of purine nucleotides studied by the Overhauser effect: conformations, flexibility and aggregation. Ann NY Acad Sci 222: 307–323
Hare DR, Wemmer DE, Chou SH, Drobny G, Reid BR (1983) Assignment of the non-exchangeable proton resonances of d(CGCGAATTCGCG) using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance methods. J Mol Biol 171: 319–336
Karplus M (1963) Vicinal proton coupling in nuclear magnetic resonance. J Am Chem Soc 85: 2870–2871
Kornberg A (1980) DNA replication. Freeman, San Francisco
Kowalczykowski SC, Bear DG, von Hippel PH (1981) Single-stranded DNA binding proteins. In: Boyer PH (ed) The enzymes: nucleic acids, Part A, vol 14. Academic Press, New York, pp 373–444
Lee CH, Tinoco I (1980) Conformation studies of 13 trinucleoside diphosphate by 360 MHz PMR spectroscopy: a bulged base conformation. I. Base protons and H1′ protons. Biophys Chem 11: 283–294
Maxam AM, Gilbert W (1980) Sequencing end-labelled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol 65: 499–560
McEntee V, Weinstock GM, Lehman IR (1981) DNA and nucleoside triphosphate binding properties of rec A protein from Escherichia coli. Prog Nucl Acid Res Mol Biol 26: 265–279
Mellema JR, Haasnoot CAG, Boom JH van, Altona C (1981) Complete assignment and conformational analysis of a deoxyribotetranucleotide, d(TAAT): a 360 and 500 MHz NMR study. Biochim Biophys Acta 655: 256–264
Meselson M (1967) The molecular basis of genetic recombination. In: Brink A (ed) Heritage from Mendel. The University of Wisconsin Press, pp 81–104
Neumann JM, Huynh-Dinh T, Kan SK, Genisul B, Ingolen J, Tran-Dinh S (1982) DNA fragment conformations: 1H-NMR and relaxation studies of 2′-deoxyadenylyl(3′–5′)thymidylyl-(3′5′)deoxyguanosylyl(3′5′)thymidine, d(ATGT), in neutral aqueous solution. Eur J Biochem 121: 317–323
Noggle J, Schirmer RE (1971) The nuclear Overhauser effectchemical applications. Acdemic Press, New York
Olsthoorn CSM, Bostelaar LJ, van Boom JH, Altona C (1980) Conformational characteristics of the trinucleoside diphosphate dApdApdA and its constitutents from nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism studies. Eur J Biochem 112: 95–110
Poulsen FM, Hoch JC, Dobson CM (1980) A structural study of the hydrophobic box region of lysosyme in solution using nuclear Overhauser effects. Biochemistry 19: 2597
Radding CM (1978) Genetic recombination: strand transfer and mismatch repair. Annu Rev Biochem 47: 847–880
Redfield AG, Gupta RK (1971) Pulsed NMR study of the structure of cytochrome c. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 36: 405–419
Reid DG, Salisbury SA, Bellard S, Shakked Z, Williams DH (1983a) Proton nuclear Overhauser effect study of the structure of a deoxyoligonucleotide duplex in aqueous solution. Biochemistry 22: 2019–2025
Reid DG, Salisbury SA, Brown T, Williams DH, Vasseur JJ, Rayner B, Imbach JL (1983b) Use of inter-proton nuclear Overhauser effects to assign the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of oligodeoxynucleotide and hybrid duplexes in aqueous solution. Eur J Biochem 135: 307–314
Rich A (1983) Right handed and left handed DNA: conformational information in genetic material. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 47: 1–12
Scheek RM, Russo N, Boelens R, Kaptein R, Boom JH van (1983) Sequential resonane assignments in DNA 1H-NMR spectra by two dimensional NOE spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 105: 2914–2916
Shakked Z, Rabinovich D, Kennard O, Cruze WBT, Salisbury SA, Viswamitra MA (1983) Sequence dependent conformation of an A-DNA double helix: the crystal structure of the octamer d(GGTATACC). J Mol Biol 166: 183–201
Turner DH, Petersheim N, De Poisco Albergo D, Dewey TG, Freier SM (1981) Why do nucleic acids form helices? In: Sarma RH (ed) Biomolecular Sterodynamics, vol 1. Adenine Press, New York, pp 429–438
Viswamitra MA (1983) Structural diversity in DNA: from monomer structures to oligonucleotides. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 47: 25–31
Wagner G, Wüthrich K (1979) Truncated driven nuclear Overhauser effect (TOE): a new technique for studies of selective 1H-1H Overhauser effects in the presence of spin diffusion. J Magn Reson 33: 675–680
Wagner G, Wüthrich K (1982) Sequential resonance assignments in protein 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra: basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. J Mol Biol 155: 347–366
Wagner G, Kumar A, Wüthrich K (1981) Systematic application of two-dimensional 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance techniques for studies of proteins: 2. Combined use of correlated spectroscopy and nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy for sequential assignments of backbone resonances and clucidation of polypeptide secondary structures. Eur J Biochem 114: 375–384
Wang AHJ, Fujii S, Boom JH van, Rich A (1983) Right-handed and left-handed double helical DNA: structural studies. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 47: 33–44
Weiss MA, Patel DJ, Sauer RT, Karplus M (1984) Two-dimensional 1H-NMR study of the γ operator site 0L1: a sequential assignment strategy and its application. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 130–134
Wider G, Lee KH, Wüthrich K (1982) Sequential resonance assignment in protein 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra: glucagon bound to perdeuterated dodecylphosphocholine micelles. J Mol Biol 155: 367–388
Wider G, Macura S, Kumar A, Ernst RR, Wüthrich K (1984) Homonuclear two-dimensional 1H-NMR of proteins: experimental procedures. J Magn Reson 56: 207–234
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Clore, G.M., Gronenborn, A.M. An investigation into the solution structure of the single-stranded DNA undecamer 5′d AAGTGTGATAT by means of nuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements. Eur Biophys J 11, 95–102 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00276624
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00276624