Halbach, Peter; Gursky, H J; Gursky, M M; Schmidt-Effing, R; Maresch, W V (1992): Composition of fossil manganese nodules from Costa Rica [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858477, Supplement to: Halbach, P et al. (1992): Composition and formation of fossil manganese nodules in Jurassic to Cretaceous radiolarites from the Nicoya Ophiolite Complex (NW Costa Rica). Mineralium Deposita, 27(2), 153-160, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00197101
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Abstract:
Horizons of several types of Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous manganese nodules occur locally in sequences of radiolarian cherts within the Nicoya Ophiolite Complex (NW Costa Rica). Field studies, X-ray diffraction analysis, petrographic, chemical and experimental studies give evidence of a sedimentary, early diagenetic origin of the nodules, in contrast to earlier suggestions. Smooth, discoidal, compact and very dense nodules with diameters of some mm to 9 cm dominate. They are characterized by braunite, hollandite, pyrolusite and quartz as well as 39-61% Mn, 0.9-1.6% Fe, 5-26% SiO2, 1.3-1.9% Al2O3, 1.5-3.0% Ba, 460-5400 ppm Cu, 85-340 ppm Ni and 40-130 ppm Co, among others. It is suggested that the original mineralogy (todorokite?) was altered during thermometamorphic (braunite) and hydrothermal (hollandite. pyrolusite) events. Petrographic similarities between the fossil nodules and modern deep-sea nodules are striking. Using standard hydrothermal techniques in an experimental study it is shown that under special conditions, braunite can be produced from modern nodule material.
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
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Coverage:
Median Latitude: 10.460255 * Median Longitude: -85.744296 * South-bound Latitude: 10.397113 * West-bound Longitude: -85.809247 * North-bound Latitude: 10.523398 * East-bound Longitude: -85.679344
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
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Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
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Datasets listed in this publication series
- Halbach, P; Gursky, HJ; Gursky, MM et al. (1992): Field observation of fossil manganese nodules in the the Jurassic to Cretaceous radiolarites of Costa Rica. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858475
- Halbach, P; Gursky, HJ; Gursky, MM et al. (1992): (Table 2, Page 156) Chemical composition of fossil nodules from the Punta Conchal Formation (Costa Rica). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858476