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‘End to end’ planktonic trophic web and its implications for the mussel farms in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Ionian Sea, Italy)

  • Integrated environmental characterization of the contaminated marine coastal area of Taranto, Ionian Sea (southern Italy) - the RITMARE Project
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Abstract

The Mar Piccolo is a semi-enclosed basin subject to different natural and anthropogenic stressors. In order to better understand plankton dynamics and preferential carbon pathways within the planktonic trophic web, an integrated approach was adopted for the first time by examining all trophic levels (virioplankton, the heterotrophic and phototrophic fractions of pico-, nano- and microplankton, as well as mesozooplankton). Plankton abundance and biomass were investigated during four surveys in the period 2013–2014. Beside unveiling the dynamics of different plankton groups in the Mar Piccolo, the study revealed that high portion of the plankton carbon (C) pool was constituted by small-sized (<2 μm) planktonic fractions. The prevalence of small-sized species within micro- and mesozooplankton communities was observed as well. The succession of planktonic communities was clearly driven by the seasonality, i.e. by the nutrient availability and physical features of the water column. Our hypothesis is that beside the ‘bottom-up’ control and the grazing pressure, inferred from the C pools of different plankton groups, the presence of mussel farms in the Mar Piccolo exerts a profound impact on plankton communities, not only due to the important sequestration of the plankton biomass but also by strongly influencing its structure.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank to M. Kralj for providing the chemical data and F. Cerino for her stimulating discussions. We are truly grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions for improving the manuscript. The activities described in this publication were funded by the Project Bandiera RITMARE (Ricerca Italiana per il Mare), coordinated by the National Research Council and funded by the Ministry for Education, University and Research within the National Research Programme 2011–2013.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sezione Oceanografia, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Via A. Piccard 54, 34151, Trieste, Italy

    Ana Karuza, Marina Monti, Elena Di Poi, Rocco Auriemma, Tamara Cibic & Paola Del Negro

  2. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC), 74123, Taranto, Italy

    Carmela Caroppo & Loredana Stabili

  3. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Scienze Marine (ISMAR), 30122, Venezia, Italy

    Elisa Camatti & Marco Pansera

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  1. Ana Karuza
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  2. Carmela Caroppo
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  3. Marina Monti
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  4. Elisa Camatti
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  9. Tamara Cibic
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  10. Paola Del Negro
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Correspondence to Ana Karuza.

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Karuza, A., Caroppo, C., Monti, M. et al. ‘End to end’ planktonic trophic web and its implications for the mussel farms in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Ionian Sea, Italy). Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 12707–12724 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5621-1

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