Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutrient fluxes in intertidal communities of a South European lagoon (Ria Formosa) – similarities and differences with a northern Wadden Sea bay (Sylt-Rømø Bay)

  • Published:
Hydrobiologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

During an annual cycle, flux rates of oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate and silicate were measured in light and dark bell jars at three sites in Ria Formosa (Algarve, Portugal) enclosing either a natural macrophytic community (macroalgae on sand or mud, a seagrass bed of Zostera noltii) or bare sediments. The results are compared with a preceeding study in which the same bell jar technique has been applied in the Sylt-Rømø Bay of the northern Wadden Sea. Nitrate flux was mainly directed from the water column to the benthic communities in Ria Formosa, as well as in the Sylt-Rømø Bay. However, nitrate uptake was higher in the northern, more eutrophic study area. In Ria Formosa, nutrient concentrations were lower than in the Sylt-Rømø Bay possibly due to strong water exchange with Atlantic waters. High temperatures and strong insolation had a greater impact on nitrate fluxes in Ria Formosa than in the Sylt-Rømø Bay. Bioturbating macrofauna increased ammonium efflux in the Sylt- Rømø Bay while this effect was not as pronounced in the Ria Formosa study sites. Benthic phosphate uptake dominated in the Ria Formosa and was correlated to initial phosphate concentrations in incoming waters. At both study sites, oxygen and nutrient fluxes were correlated with temperature. Additionally, flux rates were strongly influenced by biotic components and levels of eutrophication. A literature survey showed that mainly in temperate regions, material fluxes increase with temperature, whereas in warmer areas, ammonium and phosphate fluxes between sediment and water were generally lower.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Admiraal, W., 1977. Influence of light and temperature on the growth rate of estuarine benthic diatoms in culture. Mar. Biol. 39: 1-9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alongi, D. M., 1989. The role of soft-bottom benthic communities in tropical mangrove and coral reef ecosystems. Aquat Sci., 1(2): 243-280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alongi, D. M., 1991. The role of intertidal mudbanks in the diagenesis and export of dissolved and particulate material from the Fly delta, Papua New Guinea. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 149: 81-107

    Google Scholar 

  • Asmus, H., 1982. Field measurements on respiration and secondary production of a benthic community in the northern Wadden Sea. Neth. J. Sea Res. 16: 403-413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asmus, H. & R. Asmus, 1985. The importance of grazing food chain for energy flow and production in three intertidal sand bottom communities of the northern Wadden Sea. Helgoländer Meeresunters 39: 273-301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asmus, R., 1986. Nutrient flux in short-term enclosures of intertidal sand communities. Ophelia 26: 1-18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asmus, R., M. H. Jensen, D. Murphy & R. Doerffer, 1998. Primary production of microphytobenthos, phytoplankton and the annual yield of macrophytic biomass in the Sylt-Rømø Wadden Sea. In Gätje, Ch. & K. Reise (eds), Ökosystem Wattenmeer Austausch, Transport-und Stoffumwandlungsprozesse. Springer, Berlin: 367-391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asmus, R. M., M. H. Jensen, K. M. Jensen, E. Kristensen, H. Asmus & A. Wille, 1998. The role of water movement and spatial scaling for measurement of dissolved inorganic nitrogen fluxes in intertidal sediments. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 46: 221-232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balzer, W., 1984. Organic matter degradation and biogenic element cycling in a nearshore sediment (Kiel Bight). Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 1231-1246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banta, G., A. E. Giblin, J. E. Hobbie & J. Tucker, 1995. Benthic respiration and nitrogen release in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. J. mar. Res. 53: 107-135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barranguet, C., E. Alliot & M.-R. Plante-Cuny, 1994. Benthic microphytic activity at two Mediterranean shellfish cultivation sites with reference to benthic fluxes. Oceanol. Acta 17: 211-221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baudinet, D., E. Alliot, B. Berland, C. Grenz, M.-R. Plante-Cuny, R. Plante & C. Salen-Picard, 1990. Incidence of mussel culture on biogeochemical fluxes at the sediment-water interface. Hydrobiologia 207: 187-196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berelson, W. M., D. Heggie, A. Longmore, T. Kilgore, G. Nicholson & G. Skyring, 1998. Benthic nutrient recycling in Port Phillip Bay, Australia. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 46: 917-934.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boucher, G. & R. Boucher-Rodoni, 1988. In situ measurement of respiratory metabolism and nitrogen fluxes at the interface of oyster beds. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 44: 229-238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boucher, G. & J. Clavier, 1990. Contribution of benthic biomass to overall metabolism in New Caledonia lagoon sediments. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 64: 271-280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boucher, G., J. Clavier & C. Garrigue, 1994. Oxygen and carbon dioxide fluxes at the water-sediment interface of a tropical lagoon. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 107: 185-193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boynton, W., W. M. Kemp & C. G. Osborne, 1980. In Kennedy, V. S. (ed.), Estuarine Perspectives. Academic Press, New York: 93-109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, M. T. &. J. G. Wilson, 1993. Nutrient exchange between the sediment and the overlying water on the intertidal mudflats of the Shannon estuary. Arch. Hydrobiol./Suppl. 75: 423-450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Callender, E. &. D. E. Hammond, 1982. Nutrient exchange across the sediment-water interface in the Potomac River Estuary. Estuar. coast. Shelf. Sci. 15: 395-413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capone, D. G., S. E. Dunham, S. G. Horrigan & L. E. Duguay, 1992. Microbial nitrogen transformations in unconsolidated coral reef sediments. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 80: 75-88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charpy-Roubaud, C. J., L. Charpy & J. L. Cremoux, 1990. Nutrient budget of the lagoonal waters in an open central South Pacific atoll (Tikehau, Tuamotu, French Polynesia). Mar. Biol. 107: 67-73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charpy-Roubaud, C., L. Charpy & G. Sarazin, 1996. Diffusional nutrient fluxes at the sediment-water interface and organic matter mineralization in an atoll lagoon (Tikehau, Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia). Mar Ecol. Prog. Ser. 132: 181-190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corredor, J. E. & J. M. Morell, 1989. Assessment of inorganic nitrogen fluxes across the sediment-water interface in a tropical lagoon. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 28: 339-345.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Jonge, V. N., W. Boynton, Ch. F. D'Elia, R. Elmgren & B. L. Welsh, 1994. Responses to developments in eutrophication in four different North Atlantic estuarine systems. In Dyer, K. F. & R. J. Orth (eds), Changes in Fluxes in Estuaries: Implications from Science to Management. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg: 179-224.

    Google Scholar 

  • D'Elia, Ch. F. & W. J. Wiebe, 1990. Biogeochemical nutrient cycles in coral-reef ecosystems. In Dubinsky, Z. (ed.), Coral Reefs, Ecosystems of the World 25, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam: 49-74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dollar, S. J., S. V. Smith, S. M. Vink, S. Obrebski & J. T. Hollibaugh, 1991. Annual cycle of benthic nutrient fluxes in Tomales Bay, California, and contribution of the benthos to total ecosystem metabolism. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 79: 115-125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duarte, C. M., 1995. Submerged aquatic vegetation in relation to different nutrient regimes. Ophelia 41: 87-112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elderfield, H., N. Luedtke, R. J. McCaffrey & M. Bender, 1981. Benthic flux studies in Narragansett Bay. Am. J. Sci. 281: 768-787.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falcão, M. M., J. L. Pissarra & M. H. Cavaco, 1985. Caracteristicas fisicas e quimicas da Ria de Faro-Olhão: 1984. Relat. INIP 61: 1-14.

  • Falcão, M. & C. Vale, 1990. Study of the Ria Formosa ecosystem: benthic nutrient remineralization and total variability of nutrients in the water. Hydrobiologia 207: 137-146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernex, F., M. Bernat, S. Ballestra, L. V. Fernandez & A. N. Marques Jr., 1992. Ammonification rates and 210Pb in sediments from a lagoon under a wet tropical climate: Marica, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Hydrobiologia 242: 69-76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feuillet-Girard, M., D. Gouleau, G. Blanchard & L. Jossard, 1997. Nutrient fluxes on an intertidal mudflat in Marennes-Oléron Bay, and influence of the emersion period. Aquat. Living Resour. 10: 49-58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, T. R., P. R. Carlson & R. T. Barber, 1982. Sediment nutrient regeneration in three North Carolina estuaries. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 14: 101-116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forja, J. M., J. Blasco & A. Gómez-Parra, 1994. Spatial and seasonal variation of in situbenthic fluxes in the Bay of Cadiz (South-west Spain). Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 39: 127-141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehlen, M., H. Malschaert & W. R. Van Raaphorst, 1995. Spatial and temporal variability of benthic silica fluxes in the southeastern North Sea. Continental Shelf Res. 15(13): 1675-1696.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granéli, E. & K. Sundbäck, 1985. The reponse of planktonic and microbenthic algal assemblages to nutrient enrichment in shallow coastal waters, southwest Sweden. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 85: 253-268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graßhoff, K., M. Ehrhardt & K. Kremling, 1983. Methods of seawater analysis. Verlag Chemie, Weilheim: 419pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammond, D. E., C. Fuller, D. Marmon, B. Hartman, M. Korosec, L. G. Miller, R. Rea, S. Warren, W. Berelson & S. W. Hager, 1985. Benthic fluxes in San Francisco Bay. Hydrobiologia 129: 69-90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, J. A., D. M. Alongi, D. J. W. Moriarty & P. C. Pollard, 1987. The dynamics of benthic microbial communities at Davies Reef, central Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 6: 63-70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher, A., 1985. The relationship between coral reef structure and nitrogen dynamics. Proceedings of the 5th Interantional Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 3: 407-413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helder, W. & F. Ø. Andersen, 1987. An experimental approach to quantify biologically mediated dissolved silicate transport at the sediment-water interface. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 39: 305-311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, R. S., 1981. In situand microcosm studies of diel metabolism of reef flat communities. Proc. 4th Int. Coral Reef Symposium, Manila 1: 679-686.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hernández, I., G. Peralta, J. Lucas Pérez-Lloréns, J. J. Vergara & F. X. Niell, 1997. Biomass and dynamics of growth of Ulvaspecies in Palmones river estuary. J. Phycol. 33: 764-772.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hüttel, M., 1990. Influence of the lugworm Arenicola marinaon porewater nutrient profiles of sand flat sediments. Mar Ecol. Prog. Ser. 62: 241-248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkinson, C. S., 1985. Shallow-water benthic and pelagic metabolism: evidence of heterotrophy in the nearshore Georgia Bight. Mar. Biol. 87: 19-32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkinson, C. S., 1987. Nutrient regeneration in shallow-water sediments of the estuarine plume region of the nearshore Georgia Bight, U.S.A. Mar. Biol. 94: 127-142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, K. M., M. H. Jensen & E. Kristensen, 1996. Nitrification and denitrification in Wadden Sea sediments (Königshafen, Island of Sylt, Germany) as measured by nitrogen isotope pairing and isotope dilution. Aquat. Microbiol. Ecol. 11(2): 181-191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, M. H., E. Lomstein & J. Sørensen, 1990. Benthic NH4 +and NO3-flux following sedimentation of a spring phytoplankton bloom in Aarhus Bight, Denmark. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.: 87-96.

  • Klump, J. V. & C. S. Martens, 1981. Biogeochmical cycling in an organic rich coastal marine basin-II. Nutrient sediment-water exchange processes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45: 101-121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kristensen, E., 1984. Effect of natural concentrations on nutrient exchange between a polychaete burrow in estuarine sediment and the overlying water. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 75: 171-190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kristensen, E., M. H. Jensen & K. M. Jensen, 1997. Temporal variations in microbenthic metabolism and inorganic nitrogen fluxes in sandy and muddy sediments of a tidally dominated bay in the northern Wadden Sea. Helgoländerwiss. Meeresunters. 51: 295-320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewin, J. C., 1961. The dissolution of silica from diatom walls. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 21: 182-198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lüning, K., 1985. Meeresbotanik. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York: 375 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazouni, N., J.-C. Gaertner, J.-M. Deslous-Paoli, S. Landrein & M. Geringer d'Oedenberg, 1996. Nutrient and oxygen exchanges at the water-sediment interface in a shellfish farming lagoon (Thau, France). J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 205: 91-113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morell J. M. & J. E. Corredor, 1993. Sediment nitrogen trapping in a mangrove lagoon. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 37: 203-212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nedwell, D. B., S.-E. Hall, A. Andersson, Å. F. Hagström & E. B. Lindström, 1983. Seasonal changes in the distribution and exchange of inorganic nitrogen between sediment and water in the Northern Baltic (Gulf of Bothnia). Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 17: 169-179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neves, R., P. C. Leitão & H. Coelho, 1996. Hydrodynamic characterization of Ria Formosa with the MOHID system. 3 ° Congresso de Água, APRH 2: 447-458.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nixon, S. W., 1995. Coastal marine eutrophication, a definition, social causes and future concerns. Ophelia 41: 199-219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nixon, S. W., J. R. Kelly, B. N. Furnas, C. A. Oviatt & S. S. Hale, 1980. Phosphorus regeneration and the metabolism of coastal marine bottom communities. In Tenore, K. R. & B. C. Coull (eds), Marine Benthic Dynamics. Univ. of South Carolina Press, Columbia: 219-242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nixon, S. W., C. A. Oviatt & S. S. Hale, 1976. Nitrogen regeneration and the metabolism of coastal marine bottom communities. In Anderson, J. M. & A. MacFayden (eds), The Role of Terrestrial and Aquatic Organisms in Decomposition Processes. Proc. 17th Symposium, British Ecol. Soc., Blackwell Scientific Publ., Oxford: 269-283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nowicki, B. L. & S. W. Nixon, 1985a. Benthic community metabolism in a coastal lagoon ecosystem. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 22: 21-30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nowicki, B. L. & S. W. Nixon, 1985b. Benthic nutrient remineralization in a coastal lagoon ecosystem. Estuaries 8: 182-190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nowicki, B. L. & C. A. Oviatt, 1990. Are estuaries traps for anthropogenic nutrients? Evidence from estuarine mesocosms. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 66: 131-146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pamatmat, M. M., 1968. Ecology and metabolism of a benthic community on an intertidal sandflat. Int. Rev. ges. Hydrobiol. 53(2): 211-298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Propp, M. V., 1977. Exchange of energy, nitrogen and phosphorus between water, bottom and ice in a near-shore ecosystem of the Sea of Japan. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 30: 598-610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Propp, M. V., V. G. Tarasoff, I. I. Cherbadgi & N. V. Lootzik, 1980. Benthic-pelagic oxygen and nutrient exchange in a coastal region of the Sea of Japan. In Tenore, K. R. & B. C. Coull (eds), Marine Benthic Dynamics. University of South Carolina Press: 265-284.

  • Reay, W. G., D. L. Gallagher & G. M. Simmons Jr., 1995. Sedimentwater column oxygen and nutrient fluxes in nearshore environments of the lower Delmary Peninsula, U.S.A. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 118: 215-227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reis, C. & M. Sprung, 1995. Biomasse et distribuicaio macroalgal na Ria Formosa. 8o Congresso do Algarve EstÚdios Graficas Ltd: 911-917.

  • Reise, K., E. Herre & M. Sturm, 1989. Historical changes in the benthos of theWadden Sea around the island of Sylt in the North Sea. Helgoländer Meeresunters. 43: 417-433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzo, W. M., 1990. Nutrient exchanges between the water column and a subtidal benthic microalgal community. Estuaries 13: 219-226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, G. T., C. H. Clifford, K. L. Smith Jr. & P. L. Hamilton, 1975. Benthic nutrient regeneration and its coupling to primary productivity in coastal waters. Nature 255: 215-217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutgers Van der Loeff, M. M., 1981. Wave effects on sediment water exchange in a submerged sand bed. Neth. J. Sea Res. 15 (1): 100-112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutgers Van der Loeff, M. M., F. B. Van Es, W. Helder & R. T. P. De Vries, 1981. Sediment-water exchanges of nutrients and oxygen on tidal flats in the Ems-Dollard estuary. Neth. J. Sea Res. 15(1): 113-129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rysgaard, S., N. Risgaard-Petersen & N. P. Sloth, 1996. Nitrification, denitrification and nitrate ammonification in sediments of two coastal lagoons in Southern France. Hydrobiologia 329: 133-141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, L., 1984. Angewandte Statistik. Springer, Berlin: 552 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sand-Jensen, K. & J. Borum, 1991. Interactions among phytoplankton, periphyton and macrophytes in temperate freshwaters and estuaries. Aquat. Bot. 41: 137-175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seitzinger, S., 1987. Nitrogen biogeochemistry in an unpolluted estuary: the importance of benthic denitrification. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 41: 177-186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sloth, N. P., H. Blackburn, L. S. Hansen, N. Risgaard-Petersen & B. A. Lomstein, 1995. Nitrogen cycling in sediments with different organic loading. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 116: 163-170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S. V., W. J. Kimmerer, E. A. Laws, R. E. Brock & T. W. Walsh, 1981. Kaneohe Bay sewage diversion experiment: perspectives on ecosystem responses to nutritional pertubation. Pacific Sci. 35: 279-395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorokin, Y. I., 1992. Phosphorus metabolism in coral reef communities: exchange between the water column and bottom biotopes. Hydrobiologia 242: 105-114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprung, M., 1994. Macrobenthic secondary production in the intertidal zone of the Ria Formosa-a lagoon in Southern Portugal. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 38: 539-558.

    Google Scholar 

  • STATISTICA for Windows, 1994. Vol I-III. StatSoft, Tulsa, U.S.A.

  • Sundbäck, K., V. Enoksson, W. Granéli & K. Pettersson, 1991. In-fluence of sublittoral microphytobenthos on the oxygen and nutrient flux between sediment and water: a laboratory continuous-flow study. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 74: 263-279.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira, A. J. & A. J. Alvin, 1978. Reconhecimento dos sapais da Ria de Faro. Pedologia 13: 69-109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Duyl, F., W. Van Raaphorst & A. J. Kop, 1993. Benthic bacterial production and nutrient sediment-water exchange in sandy North Sea sediments. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 100: 85-95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Es, F. B., 1982. Community metabolism of intertidal flats in the Ems-Dollard estuary. Mar. Biol. 66: 95-108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vidal, M, J. Romero & J. Camp, 1989. Sediment-water nutrient fluxes: preliminary results of in situmeasurements in Alfaques Bay, Ebro River Delta. In Ros, J. D. (ed.), Topics in Mar. Biol., Scient. Mar. 53: 505-511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vidal, M., J. A. Morguí, M. Latasa, J. Romero & J. Camp, 1992. Factors controlling spatial variability in ammonium release within an estuarine bay (Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean). Hydrobiologia 235/236 (Dev. Hydrobiol. 75): 519-525.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, P. G., P. E. Frickers & R. J. M. Howland, 1993. Benthic fluxes of nutrients and some trace metals in the Tamar Estuary, SW England. Neth. J. Aquat. Ecol. 27: 135-146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Widdows, J., M. D. Brinsley, P. N. Salkeld & M. Elliott, 1998. Use of annular flumes to determine the influence of current velocity and bivalves on material flux at the sediment-water interface. Estuaries 21(4A): 552-559.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wildish, D. & D. Kristmanson, 1997. Benthic suspension feeders and flow. Cambridge University Press: 409 pp.

  • Williams, S. L., S. M. Yarish & I. P. Gill, 1985. Ammonium distributions, production and efflux from backreef sediments, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 24: 57-64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeitzschel, B., 1980. Sediment-water interactions in nutrient dynamics. In Tenore, K. R. & B. C. Coull (eds), Marine Benthic Dynamics. Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science No. 11, University of South Carolina Press: 195-218.

  • Zweifel, U. L., B. Norrman & Å. Hagström, 1993. Consumption of dissolved organic carbon by marine bacteria and demand for inorganic nutrients. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 101: 23-32.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Ragnhild M. Asmus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Martin Sprung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Harald Asmus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Asmus, R.M., Sprung, M. & Asmus, H. Nutrient fluxes in intertidal communities of a South European lagoon (Ria Formosa) – similarities and differences with a northern Wadden Sea bay (Sylt-Rømø Bay). Hydrobiologia 436, 217–235 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026542621512

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026542621512

Search

Navigation