ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: The 47 papers that make up this volume are gathered into eight groups that reflect current research themes: Role of fluid in rock deformation; Fracture and faulting; Instabilities and localization; Flow mechanisms and flow laws; Rock fabrics; Deformation of weak sediments; Experimental modelling using analogue materials; Deformation mechanisms and tectonics. Some of these sections contain review papers, presenting an introductory framework for those new to the subject but the volume is dominated by original research papers.

Description / Table of Contents: Structurally complex reservoirs form a distinct class of reservoir in which fault arrays and fracture networks, in particular, exert an overriding control on petroleum trapping and production behaviour. With modern exploration and production portfolios now commonly held in geologically complex settings, there is an increasing technical challenge to find new prospects and to extract remaining hydrocarbons from these reservoirs. This volume reviews our current understanding and ability to model the complex distribution and behaviour of fault and fracture networks, highlighting their fluid compartmentalizing effects and storage-transmissivity characteristics, and outlining approaches for predicting the dynamic fluid flow and geomechanical behaviour of these reservoirs. This collection of 25 papers provides an overview of recent progress and outstanding issues in the areas of (i) structural complexity and fault geometry, (ii) detection and prediction of faults and fractures, (iii) compartmentalizing effects of fault systems and complex siliciclastic reservoirs and (iv) critical controls affecting fractured reservoirs.

Description / Table of Contents: Many faults appears to form persistent zones of weakness that fundamentally influence the distribution, arichitecture and movement patterns of crustal-scale deformation and associated processes in both continental and oceanic regions. They act as conduits for the focused migration of economically important fluids and, as most seismicity is associated with active faults, they also constitute one of the most important global geological hazards. This book brings together papers by an international group of Earth Scientists to discuss a broad range of topics centred upon the controls of fault weakening and the role of such faults during lithosphere deformation. The book will be of interests to both academic and industrial Earth Scientists with an interest in geodynamics, structure at all scales, tectonics and the migration of petroleum and water.

Description / Table of Contents: R. J. Knipe, G. Jones, and Q. J. Fisher: Faulting, fault sealing and fluid flow in hydrocarbon reservoirs: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:vii-xxi, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.01 --- Fault Array Mapping, Geometry and Evolution --- C. Townsend, I. R. Firth, R. Westerman, L. Kirkevollen, M. Hårde, and T. Andersen: Small seismic-scale fault identification and mapping / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:1-25, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.02 --- Ø. Steen, E. Sverdrup, and T. H. Hanssen: Predicting the distribution of small faults in a hydrocarbon reservoir by combining outcrop, seismic and well data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:27-50, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.03 --- D. Marchal, M. Guiraud, T. Rives, and J. van den Driessche: Space and time propagation processes of normal faults / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:51-70, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.04 --- Faulting Processes and Fault Seal Characterization --- J. T. Adams and C. Dart: The appearance of potential sealing faults on borehole images / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:71-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.05 --- K. A. Foxford, J. J. Walsh, J. Watterson, I. R. Garden, S. C. Guscott, and S. D. Burley: Structure and content of the Moab Fault Zone, Utah, USA, and its implications for fault seal prediction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:87-103, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.06 --- D. C. P. Peacock, Q. J. Fisher, E. J. M. Willemse, and A. Aydin: The relationship between faults and pressure solution seams in carbonate rocks and the implications for fluid flow / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:105-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.07 --- Q. J. Fisher and R. J. Knipe: Fault sealing processes in siliciclastic sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:117-134, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.08 --- B. M. Krooss, S. Schloemer, and R. Ehrlich: Experimental investigation of molecular transport and fluid flow in unfaulted and faulted pelitic rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:135-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.09 --- D. R. Faulkner and E. H. Rutter: The gas permeability of clay-bearing fault gouge at 20°C / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:147-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.10 --- Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Deformation and Fluid Flow --- S. K. Matthäi, A. Aydin, D. D. Pollard, and S. G. Roberts: Numerical simulation of departures from radial drawdown in a faulted sandstone reservoir with joints and deformation bands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:157-191, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.11 --- P. S. D’Onfro, W. D. Rizer, J. H. Queen, E. L. Majer, J. E. Peterson, T. M. Daley, D. W. Vasco, A. Datta-Gupta, and J. C. S. Long: An integrated approach for characterizing fractured reservoirs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:193-208, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.12 --- B. Maillot, P. Cowie, and D. Lague: Simulating polyphase faulting with a tensorial 3D model of fault growth / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:209-216, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.13 --- C. G. Fleming, G. D. Couples, and R. S. Haszeldine: Thermal effects of fluid flow in steep fault zones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:217-229, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.14 --- J. R. Henderson: The influence of fault compaction on fault zone evolution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:231-242, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.15 --- P. C. Leary: Relating microscale rock-fluid interaction to macroscale fluid flow structure / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:243-260, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.16 --- D. Lesnic, L. Elliott, D. B. Ingham, R. J. Knipe, and B. Clennell: An inverse problem to determine the piecewise homogeneous hydraulic conductivity within rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:261-268, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.17 --- Structure and Seal Analysis of Hydrocarbon Fields --- T. A. Knai and R. J. Knipe: The impact of faults on fluid flow in the Heidrun Field / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:269-282, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.18 --- S. Ottesen Ellevset, R. J. Knipe, T. Svava Olsen, Q. J. Fisher, and G. Jones: Fault controlled communication in the Sleipner Vest Field, Norwegian Continental Shelf; detailed, quantitative input for reservoir simulation and well planning / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:283-297, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.19 --- J. B. Ericsson, H. C. McKean, and R. J. Hooper: Facies and curvature controlled 3D fracture models in a Cretaceous carbonate reservoir, Arabian Gulf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 147:299-312, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.147.01.20

Description / Table of Contents: Role of Fluids in Rock Deformation --- N. L. Carter, A. K. Kronenberg, J. V. Ross, and D. V. Wiltschko: Control of fluids on deformation of rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:1-13, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.01 --- Richard H. Sibson: Conditions for fault-valve behaviour / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:15-28, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.02 --- James P. Evans: Textures, deformation mechanisms, and the role of fluids in the cataclastic deformation of granitic rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:29-39, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.03 --- Fracture and Faulting --- Susan M. Agar: Fracture evolution in the upper ocean crust: evidence from DSDP hole 504B / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:41-50, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.04 --- Martin Casey and Gilles Wust: The calculation of bulk rheologies of structured materials and its application to brittle failure in shear / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:51-55, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.05 --- S. J. D. Cox and L. Paterson: Damage development during rupture of heterogeneous brittle materials: a numerical study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:57-62, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.06 --- S. J. D. Cox: Velocity-dependent friction in a large direct shear experiment on gabbro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:63-70, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.07 --- Susan J. Hippler and Robert J. Knipe: The evolution of cataclastic fault rocks from a pre-existing mylonite / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:71-79, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.08 --- Ian G. Main, Philip G. Meredith, Peter R. Sammonds, and Colin Jones: Influence of fractal flaw distributions on rock deformation in the brittle field / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:81-96, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.09 --- G. Zulauf, G. Kleinschmidt, and O. Oncken: Brittle deformation and graphitic cataclasites in the pilot research well KTB-VB (Oberpfalz, FRG) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:97-103, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.10 --- Iain S. Stewart and Paul L. Hancock: Brecciation and fracturing within neotectonic normal fault zones in the Aegean region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:105-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.11 --- Teng-Fong Wong: Mechanical compaction and the brittle—ductile transition in porous sandstones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:111-122, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.12 --- Instabilities and Localization --- Russell K. Davies and Raymond C. Fletcher: Shear bands in a plastic layer at yield under combined shortening and shear: a model for the fault array in a duplex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:123-131, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.13 --- H. W. Green II and P. C. Burnley: The failure mechanism for deep-focus earthquakes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:133-141, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.14 --- B. E. Hobbs, H.-B. Mühlhaus, and A. Ord: Instability, softening and localization of deformation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:143-165, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.15 --- Eva M. Klaper: Reaction-enhanced formation of eclogite-facies shear zones in granulite-facies anorthosites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:167-173, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.16 --- David L. Olgaard: The role of second phase in localizing deformation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:175-181, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.17 --- A. Ord: Mechanical controls on dilatant shear zones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:183-192, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.18 --- E. Carrio-Schaffhauser, S. Raynaud, H. J. Latière, and F. Mazerolle: Propagation and localization of stylolites in limestones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:193-199, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.19 --- Flow Mechanisms and Flow Laws --- R. C. M. W. Franssen and C. J. Spiers: Deformation of polycrystalline salt in compression and in shear at 250–350°C / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:201-213, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.20 --- C. J. Spiers, P. M. T. M. Schutjens, R. H. Brzesowsky, C. J. Peach, J. L. Liezenberg, and H. J. Zwart: Experimental determination of constitutive parameters governing creep of rocksalt by pressure solution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:215-227, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.21 --- Jane A. Gilotti and Joseph M. Hull: Phenomenological superplasticity in rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:229-240, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.22 --- Martin Burkhard: Ductile deformation mechanisms in micritic limestones naturally deformed at low temperatures (150–350°C) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:241-257, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.23 --- A. N. Walker, E. H. Rutter, and K. H. Brodie: Experimental study of grain-size sensitive flow of synthetic, hot-pressed calcite rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:259-284, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.24 --- J. H. P. De Bresser and C. J. Spiers: High-temperature deformation of calcite single crystals by r+ and f+ slip / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:285-298, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.25 --- M. S. Paterson and F. C. Luan: Quartzite rheology under geological conditions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:299-307, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.26 --- David J. Prior, Robert J. Knipe, and Mark R. Handy: Estimates of the rates of microstructural changes in mylonites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:309-319, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.27 --- Werner Skrotzki: Microstructure in hornblende of a mylonitic amphibolite / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:321-325, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.28 --- Joseph Clancy White: Albite deformation within a basal ophiolite shear zone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:327-333, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.29 --- Rock Fabrics --- R.D. Law: Crystallographic fabrics: a selective review of their applications to research in structural geology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:335-352, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.30 --- M. W. Jessell and G. S. Lister: A simulation of the temperature dependence of quartz fabrics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:353-362, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.31 --- Jin-Han Ree: High temperature deformation of octachloropropane: dynamic grain growth and lattice reorientation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:363-368, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.32 --- Niels Ø. Olesen and Niels-Henrik Schmidt: The SEM/ECP technique applied on twinned quartz crystals / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:369-373, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.33 --- H. Schaeben, H. Siemes, S. Höfler, and G. Will: Practical application of entropy optimization in quantitative texture analysis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:375-381, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.34 --- Deformation of Weak Sediments --- Daniel E. Karig: Experimental and observational constraints on the mechanical behaviour in the toes of accretionary prisms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:383-398, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.35 --- N. A. Yassir: The undrained shear behaviour of fine-grained sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:399-404, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.36 --- P.A.R. Nell: Deformation in an accretionary melange, Alexander Island, Antarctica / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:405-416, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.37 --- Kevin T. Pickering, Susan M. Agar, and David J. Prior: Vein structure and the role of pore fluids in early wet-sediment deformation, Late Miocene volcaniclastic rocks, Miura Group, SE Japan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:417-430, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.38 --- Experimental Modelling Using Analogue Materials --- Shumin Liu and John M. Dixon: Centrifuge modelling of thrust faulting: strain partitioning and sequence of thrusting in duplex structures / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:431-444, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.39 --- K. R. McClay: Deformation mechanics in analogue models of extensional fault systems / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:445-453, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.40 --- C. J. L. Wilson and Thomas M. Will: Slickenside lineations due to ductile processes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:455-460, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.41 --- Deformation Mechanisms and Tectonics --- J. P. Gratier and J. F. Gamond: Transition between seismic and aseismic deformation in the upper crust / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:461-473, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.42 --- Massimo Coli and Federico Sani: Vein distribution in a thrust zone: a case history from the Northern Apennines, Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:475-482, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.43 --- Federico Sani: Extensional veins and shear joint development in a thrust-fold zone (Northern Apennines, Italy) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:483-490, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.44 --- Robert E. Holdsworth and Colin J. Grant: Convergence-related ‘dynamic spreading’ in a mid-crustal ductile thrust zone: a possible orogenic wedge model / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:491-500, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.45 --- J. E. Iliffe, I. Lerche, and K. Nakayama: Structural implications of compactional strain caused by fault block rotation: evidence from two-dimensional numerical analogues / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:501-507, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.46 --- J. L. Urai, R. D. Schuiling, and J. B. H. Jansen: Alpine deformation on Naxos (Greece) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54:509-522, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.054.01.47