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  • 1
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    Peopled Landscapes : Archaeological and Biogeographic Approaches to Landscapes (2012)
    Canberra : ANU Press
    Details
    Keywords: human ecology ; archaeology ; landscape assessment ; landscape changes ; humans ; nature ; Australia
    Description / Table of Contents: This impressive collection celebrates the work of Peter Kershaw, a key figure in the field of Australian palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Over almost half a century his research helped reconceptualize ecology in Australia, creating a detailed understanding of environmental change in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Within a biogeographic framework one of his exceptional contributions was to explore the ways that Aboriginal people may have modified the landscape through the effects of anthropogenic burning. These ideas have had significant impacts on thinking within the fields of geomorphology, biogeography, archaeology, anthropology and history. Papers presented here continue to explore the dynamism of landscape change in Australia and the contribution of humans to those transformations. The volume is structured in two sections. The first examines evidence for human engagement with landscape, focusing on Australia and Papua New Guinea but also dealing with the human/environmental histories of Europe and Asia. The second section contains papers that examine palaeoecology and present some of the latest research into environmental change in Australia and New Zealand. Individually these papers, written by many of Australia’s prominent researchers in these fields, are significant contributions to our knowledge of Quaternary landscapes and human land use. But Peopled Landscapes also signifies the disciplinary entanglement that is archaeological and biogeographic research in this region, with archaeologists and environmental scientists contributing to both studies of human land use and palaeoecology. Peopled Landscapes reveals the interdisciplinary richness of Quaternary research in the Australasian region as well as the complexity and richness of the entangled environmental and human pasts of these lands.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (472 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781921862724
    URL: http://press.anu.edu.au?p=165471
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limalongine, a modified hasubanan type alkaloid, and clolimalongine, its chlorinated derivative (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 54 (1989), S. 3491-3493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00275a046
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variation in diel activity and microhabitat use of an endemic New Zealand stream-dwelling galaxiid fish (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 48 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. Seasonal variation in microhabitat use and activity of 14 giant kokopu Galaxias argenteus, a drift-feeding galaxiid fish, was compared using radiotelemetry.2. During winter giant kokopu predominantly used low velocities and intermediate depths by night and day. Activity recorded during 24 and 72 h periods indicated that fish were consistently active at night and inactive during the day. Activity data corresponded with point-in-time habitat use data, both of which indicated that fish were concealed amongst cover during the day and used open water habitats at night.3. During summer, giant kokopu used higher water velocities, shallower depths and coarser substrata, particularly at night but also occasionally during the day relative to winter. Giant kokopu were active by both day and night in summer, although periods of activity were less defined and less predictable than during winter.4. Adults used predictable home reaches at base-flow, with most individuals repeatedly using of one or two cover locations within their ‘home’ reach. Reaches used by fish were relatively short (rarely exceeding 26 m) irrespective of season and always included a single pool-riffle sequence.5. Diel and seasonal behaviour of giant kokopu was generally comparable with that exhibited by other drift feeding fish species in small temperate streams. However, the nocturnal activity of giant kokopu contrasts with activity patterns in various salmonids, indicating that the impact of predation by different drift feeding fish may vary considerably.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01127.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tubercle loss in Spatangoids (Echinodermata, Echinoides): Original skeletal structures and underlying processes (1989)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 109 (1989), S. 39-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Circular marks, flush with the test or slightly depressed, exist on the test surface of various echinoid species. Fifty-six species belonging to regular and irregular echinoids were examined in order to describe the diversity and structure of these marks and to discuss their origins, with particular emphasis being put on the spatangoids Heterobrissus niasicus and Maretia planulata. Investigations combine statistical, light and electron microscopical methods. The marks correspond to surrounding ordinary tubercles in their size, their distribution on the test, their structure and their microstructure (stereom meshwork). Marks recolonized by miliaries and marks overlapping each other attest that they were made during the life of the sea urchins. This hypothesis is strengthened by comparisons between marks and artificially extracted tubercles. The microstructure of numerous marks displays original patterns with blunt broken surfaces or concentric structures suggesting that these marks result from skeletal fracture and resorption processes. From the structure and distribution of these marks it is argued that they are formed by the natural removal of tubercles. Two possible origins are retained: they are scars resulting from a traumatic extraction of spines and tubercles, or they are due to an autotomy of tubercles and associated spines, a process ontogenetically controlled and always combined with sparse or heterogeneous tuberculation. The marks resulting from these two processes are not randomly distributed either on the test or between different groups of echinoids. Their distribution and abundance are strongly involved in the ornamentation of the test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312182
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An echinoid that “gives birth”: morphology and systematics of a new Antarctic species,Urechinus mortenseni (Echinodermata, Holasteroida) (1990)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 110 (1990), S. 75-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Male and female echinoids are almost always separate, and seldom exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism. In the most extreme previously known examples of sexual dimorphism, ova, zygotes, and juveniles are housed in a shallow depression in the surface of the test, or in a deepened petaloid ambulacrum. A new species of urechinid holasteroid,Urechinus mortenseni, is described in which juveniles are brooded inside a deeply invaginated extension of the body wall suspended from the interior edges of the female's apical plates. Although technically not inside the test, the juveniles are completely invisible from the exterior, and are contained in a series of brood pouches that communicate with the environment only through a small opening at the apex. This is the first complete description of brooding in the Holasteroida. The morphology of the brooding system is described, and a new terminology is erected to refer to the completely novel features of the system: the apical aperture, birth canal, and brood pouches. The plating, spines, and pedicellariae of the brooding system are also described. The salient characteristics of the brooding system found inU. mortenseni are contrasted with those of brooding strategies in other echinoderms. The new species is compared with other holasteroids. For the first time, a brooding system is also described inPlexechinus nordenskjoldi, which implies that it is closely related toU. mortenseni. This casts doubt on the integrity of the two genera, and suggests that a phylogenetic revision is required to highlight the unique features found not only in these unusual urechinids, but in other holasteroids as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01632814
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new species of subantarctic Plexechinus and its phylogenetic position within the Holasteroida (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) (2000)
    Springer
    Polar biology 23 (2000), S. 166-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A seventh species of Plexechinus, Plexechinus sulcatus sp. nov., is described from material collected at 585 m from an R/V “Marion Dufresne” station northwest of the Kerguelen Islands. It differs most markedly from its congeners in possessing a distinctive aboral sulcus in the anterior ambulacrum, which is unique in the Plexechinidae. There is strong phylogenetic evidence that P. sulcatus is the sister group to a clade containing P. cinctus and P. hirsutus. The implications of this placement are discussed in the light of previous work on the evolutionary biology of holasteroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050023
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny and origin of the brooding system in Antarctic urechinid sea urchins (Echinodermata, Holasteroida) (1993)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 113 (1993), S. 69-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Echinoids usually broadcast gametes, and do not generally engage in a high degree of parental care. However, when they do, juveniles are typically maintained among the spines, or in shallow, external depressions in the test itself. The brooding Antarctic holasteroids Urechinus mortenseni and Plexechinus nordenskjoldi are bizarre exceptions: females develop an elaborate brooding system in which a small number of direct developing young are protected. Ontogeny of post-natal brooding urechinids is marked by profound divergence in the growth trajectories of male and female apical systems. In females, this leads to dramatic departures from the patterns found in all other echinoids. Otherwise, coronal skeleton allometry of males and females is almost identical. Juveniles in brood pouches grow larger than the diameter of the apical aperture through which they must pass to reach the external environment. The apical plates, from which the brooding system is suspended, “hinge” downward to enlarge the aperture, allowing the young to emerge from the female. A possible origin for the brooding system suggests derivation by centripetal plate addition from the ocular plates in the coronal skeleton. We develop a contrasting model for the origin of the brooding system that relies on a proposed homology between genital and periproctal elements of the apical system of echinoids and the more highly developed dorsal skeleton of other echinoderm classes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403085
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rhazinilam mimics the cellular effects of taxol by different mechanisms of action (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 28 (1994), S. 317-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: maytansine ; vinblastine ; diphenylpyridazone ; colchicine ; taxol ; tubulin ; microtubule ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have investigated the effects of the microtubule poison rhazinilam on microtubule assembly in vivo and in vitro. In mammalian cells, rhazinilam mimics the effects of taxol and leads to microtubule bundles, multiple asters, and microtubule cold stability. In vitro, rhazinilam protected preassembled microtubules from cold-induced disassembly, but not from calcium ion-induced disassembly. Moreover, both at 0°C and at 37°C, rhazinilam induced the formation of anomalous tubulin assemblies (spirals). This process was prevented by maytansine and vinblastine, but not by colchicine. Preferential saturable and stoichiometric binding of radioactive rhazinilam to tubulin in spirals was observed with a dissociation constant of 5 μM. This binding was abolished in the presence of vinblastine and maytansine. In contrast, specific binding of radioactive rhazinilam to tubulin assembled in microtubules was undetectable. These results demonstrate that rhazinilam alters microtubule stability differently than taxol, and that the overall similar effects of rhazinilam and taxol on the cellular cytoskeleton are the consequence of two distinct mechanisms of action at the molecular level. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970280405
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  • 9
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    Macro-epibenthic communities, bathymetry and enviromental information at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gutt, Julian; Alvaro, Maria Chiara; Barco, Andrea; Böhmer, Astrid; Bracher, Astrid; David, Bruno; De Ridder, Chantal; Dorschel, Boris; Eléaume, Marc; Janussen, Dorte; Kersken, Daniel; López-González, Pablo José; Martínez-Baraldés, Irene; Schröder, Michael; Segelken-Voigt, Alexandra; Teixidó, Núria (2016): Macroepibenthic communities at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, an ecological survey at different spatial scales. Polar Biology, 39(5), 829-849, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1797-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The Southern Ocean ecosystem at the Antarctic Peninsula has steep natural environmental gradients, e.g. in terms of water masses and ice cover, and experiences regional above global average climate change. An ecological macroepibenthic survey was conducted in three ecoregions in the north-western Weddell Sea, on the continental shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula in the Bransfield Strait and on the shelf of the South Shetland Islands in the Drake Passage, defined by their environmental envelop. The aim was to improve the so far poor knowledge of the structure of this component of the Southern Ocean ecosystem and its ecological driving forces. It can also provide a baseline to assess the impact of ongoing climate change to the benthic diversity, functioning and ecosystem services. Different intermediate-scaled topographic features such as canyon systems including the corresponding topographically defined habitats 'bank', 'upper slope', 'slope' and 'canyon/deep' were sampled. In addition, the physical and biological environmental factors such as sea-ice cover, chlorophyll-a concentration, small-scale bottom topography and water masses were analysed. Catches by Agassiz trawl showed high among-station variability in biomass of 96 higher systematic groups including ecological key taxa. Large-scale patterns separating the three ecoregions from each other could be correlated with the two environmental factors, sea-ice and depth. Attribution to habitats only poorly explained benthic composition, and small-scale bottom topography did not explain such patterns at all. The large-scale factors, sea-ice and depth, might have caused large-scale differences in pelagic benthic coupling, whilst small-scale variability, also affecting larger scales, seemed to be predominantly driven by unknown physical drivers or biological interactions.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Ambulacral length with number of pore pairs/tubercles for both species of sea urchins and for six sampling sites to quantify fluctuating asymmetry (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Savriama, Yoland; Stige, Leif Christian; Gerber, Sylvain; Pérez, Thierry; Alibert, Paul; David, Bruno (2015): Impact of sewage pollution on two species of sea urchins in the Mediterranean Sea (Cortiou, France): Radial asymmetry as a bioindicator of stress. Ecological Indicators, 54, 39-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.02.004
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The surroundings of the Cortiou sewage are among the most polluted environments of the French Mediterranean Sea (Marseilles, France). So far, no studies have precisely quantified the impact of pollution on the development of organisms in this area.Methods: We used a fluctuating asymmetry (FA) measure of developmental instability (DI) to assess environmental stress in two species of radially symmetric sea urchins (Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus). For six sampling sites (Cortiou, Riou, Maire, East Maire, Mejean, and Niolon), levels of FA were calculated from continuous and discrete skeletal measures of ambulacral length, number of pore pairs and primary tubercles.Results: For both species, the most polluted sampling site, Cortiou, displayed the highest level of FA, while the Maire and East Maire sampling sites displayed the lowest levels. A. lixula revealed systematic differences in FA among sampling sites for all characters and P. lividus showed differences in FA for the number of primary tubercles.Conclusions: Statistical analyses of FA show a concordance between the spatial patterns of FA among sampling sites and the spatial distribution of sewage discharge pollutants in the Cortiou area. High developmental stress in these sampling sites is associated with exposure to high concentrations of heavy metals and many harmful organic substances contained in wastewater. FA estimated from structures with complex symmetry appears to be a fast and reliable tool to detect subtle differences in FA. Its use in biomonitoring programs for inferring anthropogenic and natural environmental stress is suggested.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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