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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    On the temperature-pressure effect on absorption of long-wave radiation by water vapour (1942)
    Oslo : Aschehoug
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP Sü 15081(1,6)
    In: Meteorologiske annaler
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 22 S.
    Series Statement: Meteorologiske annaler 1,6
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcriptional silencing of retroviral vectors (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 3 (1996), S. 365-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Retroviral vectors ; Gene therapy ; Stem cells ; Transcription ; Silence ; Inactivation ; Integration site ; Position effects ; Methylation ; Primer-binding site
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although retroviral vector systems have been found to efficiently transduce a variety of cell types in vitro, the use of vectors based on murine leukemia virus in preclinical models of somatic gene therapy has led to the identification of transcriptional silencing in vivo as an important problem. Extinction of long-term vector expression has been observed after implantation of transduced hematopoietic cells as well as fibroblasts, myoblasts and hepatocytes. Here we review the influence of vector structure, integration site and cell type on transcriptional silencing. While down-regulation of proviral transcription is known from a number of cellular and animal models, major insight has been gained from studies in the germ line and embryonal cells of the mouse. Key elements for the transfer and expression of retroviral vectors, such as the viral transcriptional enhancer and the binding site for the tRNA primer for reverse transcription may have a major influence on transcriptional silencing. Alterations of these elements of the vector backbone as well as the use of internal promoter elements from housekeeping genes may contribute to reduce transcriptional silencing. The use of cell culture and animal models in the testing and improvement of vector design is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258042
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic reassortment and patch repair by recombination in retroviruses (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 7 (2000), S. 77-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Retrovirus ; Reverse transcription ; Recombination ; Template switching ; Patch repair ; Retrovirus, endogenous ; Viral evolution ; Gene therapy ; Murine leukemia virus ; Human immunodeficiency virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Retroviral particles contain a diploid RNA genome which serves as template for the synthesis of double-stranded DNA in a complex process guided by virus-encoded reverse transcriptase. The dimeric nature of the genome allows the proceeding polymerase to switch templates during copying of the copackaged RNA molecules, leading to the generation of recombinant proviruses that harbor genetic information derived from both parental RNAs. Template switching abilities of reverse transcriptase facilitate the development of mosaic retroviruses with altered functional properties and thereby contribute to the restoration and evolution of retroviruses facing altering selective forces of their environment. This review focuses on the genetic patchwork of retroviruses and how mixing of sequence patches by recombination may lead to repair in terms of re-established replication and facilitate increased viral fitness, enhanced pathogenic potential, and altered virus tropisms. Endogenous retroelements represent an affluent source of functional viral sequences which may hitchhike with virions and serve as sequence donors in patch repair. We describe here the involvement of endogenous viruses in genetic reassortment and patch repair and review important examples derived from cell culture and animal studies. Moreover, we discuss how the patch repair phenomenon may challenge both safe usage of retrovirus-based gene vehicles in human gene therapy and the use of animal organs as xenografts in humans. Finally, the ongoing mixing of distinct human immunodeficiency virus strains and its implications for antiviral treatment is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256615
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel leukaemogenic retroviruses isolated from cell line derived from spontaneous AKR tumour (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 292 (1981), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The source of virus was the SL3 cell line, established from a spontaneous tumour of an AKR mouse5, that produces a low litre of an ecotropic, N-tropic, XCT virus5'6. To obtain clonal isolates of this virus, the cell-free supernatant of the SL3 cell line was used to infect a culture of NIH 3T3 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/292167a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor-liquid equilibrium: Part V. Data reduction by maximum likelihood (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 1055-1063 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A systematic study is presented of the objective functions applicable to the reduction of vapor-liquid equilibrium data by regression procedures based on the principle of maximum likelihood. Numerical results are based on a set of artificial x-y-P data constructed so as to conform to the assumptions that underlie proper application of this principle.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240617
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  • 6
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    Septin9 is involved in T-cell development and CD8+ T-cell homeostasis (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-04
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Refined Method for Droplet Microfluidics-Enabled Detection of Plasmodium falciparum Encoded Topoisomerase I in Blood from Malaria Patients (2015)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-05
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-666X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 8
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    Retroviral Insertional Mutagenesis Screen in a C/EBPalpha Proliferative Genetic Background. (2006)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-11-16
    Description: The CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) transcription factor plays a key role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of the granulocytic lineage in the hematopoietic system. Consistently, mice lacking C/EBPalpha have no mature neutrophils and die within a few hours after birth. In contrast, homozygous knockin mice in which the wild type Cebpa allele has been replaced with a mutant allele (BRM2) deficient in repressing the activity of E2F family members, are viable. At 8 weeks of age these animals display myeloid dysplasia with absence of neutrophil granulocytes. Strikingly, in older BRM2/BRM2 knockin mice the myeloid dysplastic phenotype progress into other myeloid malignancies such as myeloid proliferative syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. These findings strongly suggest that secondary mutations in other loci must occur during the phenotypic progression. In order to identify genes that cooperate with C/EBPalpha in the development of leukemia in BRM2/BRM2 mice a so-called retroviral insertion mutagenesis screen was performed. Inbred newborn BRM2/BRM2 and wildtype mice were injected with SRS19-6 retrovirus and when disease is evident the mice are euthanized and analyzed. As expected the BRM2/BRM2 mice have a shorter latency than wildtype mice (182 vs. 260 days). The mice have enlarged spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes and were further characterized by histology, flow cytometry and Southern blotting in order to determine the hematopoietic phenotypes. Most abundantly was the AML-like phenotype, but also T-cell lymphomas are developing. Finally, the loci carrying retroviral insertions loci are identified through a splinkerette-aided PCR strategy. This study provides a better understanding of the genes involved in the development of myeloid leukemia.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 9
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    Gene Expression Profiling of Murine T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Identifies Deregulation of S-Phase Initiating Genes. (2012)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-16
    Description: Abstract 2395 Human T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas (T-LBLs) are neoplasms of immature T-cells and constitute a group of rare, heterogeneous and clinically very aggressive tumors. The molecular pathogenesis that contributes to T-LBL development is not fully elucidated. Since murine T-LBLs are histopathologically and phenotypically comparable to human T-LBLs, mouse models of T-LBLs are ideal to obtain additional insight into the mechanism of T-LBL development in humans. When injected into newborn mice of the NMRI inbred strain, the SL3-3 murine leukemia virus (MLV) induces various types of hematological malignancies, including T-LBLs. The oncogenic effects of the SL3-3 MLV are caused by integration of the viral genome into the host cell DNA through multiple rounds of infection, and subsequent deregulation of nearby cellular genes – a process defined as insertional mutagenesis. If the integration occurs near or within a gene of importance for cancer development, the cell in which the virus has integrated, may gain a growth advantage, eventually leading to malignant transformation and development of a full blown tumor. Screening the murine genome for resulting integration sites in the end-stage tumors, is therefore an efficient method for identifying genes involved in murine and potentially also human T-cell lymphomagenic processes. In a search for genes and pathways implicated in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) development, we used a murine lymphoma model, where mice of the NMRI inbred strain were inoculated with mutants of SL3-3 MLV. The mutants were affected in the glucocorticoid response element and an overlapping E-box of the viral enhancer in the long termial releat. By performing integration analysis on 19 and global gene expression profiling on 22 of the resulting T-LBL tumors, we determined both the effect of the retroviral integrations on the summarized expression of the nearby genes, and the deregulated pathways in the tumors. Fifty two different genes were identified within a 10 kb distance of the retroviral integrations, whereof 15 were specifically involved in G1/S phase transition. Gene expression dot-plots showed an activating effect of the retrovirus on Mr1, Stx6, Cask and Sh3gl3. Gene expression profiling identified increased expression of genes involved in the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) and origin of recognition (Orc) pathway as well as downregulation in negative regulators of G1/S transition, indicating that murine T-LBLs have increased S-phase initiation. In conclusion, both the integration analysis and patterns of mRNA expression identified by gene expression profiling in the mouse models of T-LBL strongly indicate that genes involved in G1/S phase transition and/or S-phase initiation are deregulated suggesting similar mechanisms to be of importance in human T-LBL pathogenesis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 10
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    Expression Pattern and Prognostic Impact of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors VEGF and VEGF-C and Their Receptors Flt-1, KDR and Flt-4 in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas. (2007)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-16
    Description: The vascular endothelial growth factor family (VEGF, VEGF-B, -C and -D) is the main regulator of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis via their receptors, Flt-1, KDR and Flt-4. The aim of the present study was to estimate the microvascular density and investigate the expression of VEGF, VEGF-C and its receptors Flt-1, KDR and Flt-4 in peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL). Material and methods: Microvessel density (MVD) was determined after CD34 immunohistochemical (IH) staining of endothelial cells in pre-therapeutic lymph-node biopsies from 107 cases of PTCL (64 unspecified, 1 angiocentric, 10 angioimmunoblastic and 32 anaplastic large cell T/0). 44 of these cases (28 unspecified, 1 angiocentric, 4 angioimmunoblatic and 11 anaplastic large cell T/0) were investigated for expression of angiogenic molecules, VEGF, VEGF-C and their receptors by IH at protein level. Furthermore, VEGF and VEGF-C mRNA expression was detected by non-isotopic ′in situ′ hybridization. The angiogenic scores were correlated to pre-therapeutic clinical parameters, treatment response and survival. Results: Tumoral expression of VEGF, VEGF-C and of their receptors was detected in the majority of the PTCL biopsies investigated (VEGF mRNA: 73%, VEGF protein: 95%; VEGF-C mRNA: 79%; VEGF-C protein: 79%; Flt-1 and KDR: 100%; Flt-4: 26%). All biopsies contained VEGF, Flt-1 and KDR positive vessels and VEGF-C was also widely expressed by the endothelial cells (3 negative cases), while endothelial Flt-4 expression was detected only in 43% of cases. High MVD scores correlated with an advanced clinical stadium (Ann Arbor) (p=0.047). A strong diffuse VEGF mRNA expression significantly correlated with a poorer overall survival (p=0.0015) as compared to focal or negative ISH signal. The predictive value of this parameter persisted at multivariate level independently of the International Prognostic Index (HR: 3.95, p=0.012, Cox regression). Conclusion: VEGF, VEGF-C and their receptors are expressed by both lymphoma and endothelial cells in the majority of PTCL cases. VEGF expression seems to have an adverse impact on survival. Larger studies of angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis in PTCL are needed to clarify the biological role of these molecules and identify possible therapeutic targets.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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