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  • 1
    Unknown
    Financing for Overcoming Economic Insecurity (2015)
    London : Bloomsbury Academic
    Details
    Keywords: Politics ; Politics and International Relations ; Insurance ; Economic Insecurity
    Description / Table of Contents: The world is witnessing the paradox of simultaneous increase in income and insecurity. According to available data, global average per capita income has increased in recent decades, while at the same time actual and perceived insecurity has also increased. This paradox is true for both developed and developing countries. However, the concrete form and causes of insecurity differs across these two groups of countries. To the extent that income levels in many developing countries are very low, economic insecurity in these countries takes a starker and chronic form. In Financing for Overcoming Economic Insecurity, leading experts examine the causes and consequences of rising economic insecurity and policy measures that can be adopted to overcome insecurity. The volume contains papers addressing issues of economic insecurity pertaining to both developed and developing countries and caused by both economic factors and natural hazards. It also discusses the issues at both macro and micro levels. The volume’s focus on policy measures, such as redistribution and reinvestment of profit income in developed countries and imposition of capital control and promotion of micro insurance in developing countries, should be of much help to policymakers as well as researchers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 248 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781472544421
    URL: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472544421
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Why hotels adopt ICTs: a study on the ICT adoption propensity of hotels in Thailand (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of contemporary hospitality management 17 (2005), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-6119
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - This study aims to explore the propensity of adoption of ICT-based facilities by hotels in the hospitality sector. Design/methodology/approach - The factors that influence a hotel's propensity to adopt ICTs are broadly divided into location-related and firm-related. The relative impact of the factors on the ICT adoption propensity was analyzed through a survey amongst 95 hotels from seven locations in Thailand. Findings - The findings give valuable insights for the marketers of ICTs who wish to gain entry into the hotel sector, and help them in better focusing their sales and marketing efforts. Originality/value - The study provides researchers and suppliers of ICT-based facilities with a framework for predicting the adoption propensity of potential customers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596110510604814
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What have We Learnt from the Convergence Debate? (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of economic surveys 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6419
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper surveys the convergence literature. It begins by laying out different definitions of convergence and by showing the link between the convergence issue and the growth theory debate. The paper then follows the convergence research conducted along four different approaches, namely the cross-section, panel, time-series, and distribution approaches. The paper shows the association of these methodological approaches with various definitions of convergence and highlights the connections among the convergence results. It shows that, despite some impressions to the contrary, there is considerable agreement among the results. Although the convergence research might not have solved the growth debate entirely, it has helped both the neoclassical and the new growth theories to adapt and evolve. The research on convergence has established new stylized facts regarding cross-country growth regularities. It has brought to fore the existence of large technological and institutional differences across countries and has given rise to new methodologies for quantifying and analyzing these differences. This is providing a new information base for analysis of technological and institutional diffusion and for further development of growth theory in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00197
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY: A REVIEW (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Review of income and wealth 45 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-4991
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Several different approaches to international comparison of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) have now emerged. Among these are the time-series approach, the panel approach, and the cross-section approach. This paper compares methodologies of these different approaches and results that have been obtained from their application. The comparison of results is conducted in the context of two samples, namely the sample of G7 countries and a large sample that includes developing nations. It is found that while there are broad agreements in results, there exist considerable differences too. The analysis shows how these differences can be related, in part, to differences in methodology. The paper also shows how these different approaches to international TFP-comparison can play a complementary role in enhancing our understanding of such important phenomena as technological diffusion and TFP-convergence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1999.tb00362.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Productivity Dynamics in a Large Sample of Countries: A Panel Study (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Review of income and wealth 49 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-4991
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent research shows that productivity differences are more important than differences in accumulation rates in explaining per capita income differences across countries. So far static differences in productivity have been mainly computed and analyzed in large samples of countries. This paper extends the research by focusing on productivity dynamics. It uses the panel approach to compute productivity indices for a large sample of countries for two time periods, namely an initial period of 1960–75 and a subsequent period of 1975–90. This allows computation of ordinal and cardinal changes in productivity between the two periods. The results show considerable variation in productivity dynamics across countries. The task ahead is to find out what accounts for the observed dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4991.00085
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food consumption expenditure pattern of urban households in Bangladesh (1982)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 4 (1982), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Conclusion Bangladesh, both an agrarian and a very densely populated country, shows a chronical food deficit. The average food-grain import almost equals the quantity of grain required for its total urban population. The country's population grows faster than food production increases. The urban population is growing even faster. It also has a) comparatively higher average per capita income, b) stronger male dominance in sex ratio, and c) higher ratio of young adults. These and other social factors create a somewhat different demand for food in the city. Already there are signs that providing food for the city is becoming a serious problem for Bangladesh. Although much of the food grains and edible oils for the city population are supplied through imports, the many other food items are generally supplied from home production. With fast urbanization and slow growth in farm production, the demand-supply gap in food for the city is getting wider and increasingly critical. Such essential food items as meat, fish, pulses, and even onions and spices are often in seriously short supply. This situation has necessitated a new market management system. For the first time, the public sector has entered into daily food supply and marketing operations. Its previous experience had been with provision of cereals, sugar, and edible oils, through a rationing system originally introduced during the Bengal famine of 1943. To maintain a steady supply of perishable food items, the government must also have its own production units. It has already started a few dairy farms, agricultural estates, fish ponds, and backyard poultry farms in and around the large cities. The government has also approved a scheme called “Green Belt Around the Cities” encouraging agricultural, horticultural, and vegetable gardening activities around the urban fringe. These attempts are still at a pilot stage and need to be replicated on a large scale. Moreover, the government on its own at best can supplement only marginally the traditional informal sector in production and supply of the cities' food. For example, in spite of its much publicized and fairly successful fish supply program in Metropolitan Dacca, the public sector only supplies 10 % of that city's daily fish requirements. The government must take up programs to help traditional small-scale farmers (especially those who farm the urban fringes) in cultivating food oriented to urban market needs. Better technology and inputs should be extended to the farmers. Special financing schemes and marketing systems could be developed to assist the farmers. The private sector should be mobilized properly for production of food for the city market. Such programs will essentially require consideration of integrated metropolitan and urban-regional land use planning and management. Finally, food and nutrient intakes are quite related to income. Unless income of the lower economic groups can be sufficiently raised, income inequalities reasonably reduced, and unless a food policy sensitive to human consumption needs can be adopted and truly implemented, most people in a class-structured poor country like Bangladesh will remain undernourished and malnourished, both in villages and in cities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186700
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass-spectrometric study of nitro-substituted dihydrosilaazaanthrones (1985)
    Springer
    Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds 21 (1985), S. 445-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8353
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the position of the nitro group on the character of the dissociative ionization of nitro-substituted dihydrosilaazaanthrones was studied. It was established that a change in the position of the nitro group in the molecule affects not only the probability of the occurrence of monotypic fragmentations but is also responsible for the development of new pathways of the fragmentation of the molecular ions. This makes it possible to identify the isomeric nitrodihydrosilaazaanthrones from their mass spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00504409
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Condensation of N-(p-nitrobenzyl)-10,10-dimethyl-9,10-dihydro-10-sila-2-azaanthracene bromide and its 9-oxo derivative with acetylenedicarboxylic ester (1987)
    Springer
    Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds 23 (1987), S. 588-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8353
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Carbanions derived from N-(p-nitrobenzyl)-dihydrosilaazaanthracene condense with acetylenedicarboxylic ester to form substituted silanaphthoindolizines and silaazaaceanthrenes. The analogous salt of the 9-oxo derivative gave the oxo substituted silanaphthoindolizine. The compounds obtained were subjected to reduction, hydrolysis, and opening of the sila-ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476393
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    10-Sila-2-azaanthracenes hydrogenated in the pyridine fragment (1990)
    Springer
    Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds 26 (1990), S. 1068-1072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8353
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The corresponding 1,2,3,4,4a, 9,9a, 10-octahydro derivatives were obtained in the catalytic hydrogenation of 10,10-dimethyl- and 10-methyl-10-phenyl-9,10-dihydro-10-sila-2-azaanthracenes. The hydrogenation of 10,10-dimethyl-10-sila-2-azaanthrone also leads to a substituted octahydrosilaazaanthracene. Isomeric (with respect to the position of the double bond in the nitrogen-containing ring) hexahydrosilaaza-9-anthrols were isolated as a result of the reduction of the methiodide of this silaazaanthrone with sodium borohydride.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00472495
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thyroid “microsomal” antigen is an epitope on the thyrotropin receptor (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 107-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Hashimoto's thyroiditis ; Graves' disease ; microsomal antigen ; TSH receptor ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Antimicrosomal antibodies are present in the sera of most patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, and Graves' disease. It has, in general, been difficult to separate antimicrosomal activity from that directed against the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor in Graves' IgG preparations. The “microsomal” antigen has been localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and microfollicular aspect of thyrocytes; its structure is however unknown. In an attempt to identify the thyroid microsomal antigen, we studied the interaction of Hashimoto's IgG with high microsomal antibody titre and negative for thyroglobulin with purified thyroid plasma and light microsomal membranes. We allowed Hashimoto's, Graves', and control IgGs to bind to protein blots of thyroid plasma membranes resolved on SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions. All seven Hashimoto's IgG at a concentration of 2 mg/ml interacted with an M ∼ 197,000 polypeptide corresponding to the TSH holoreceptor. By contrast to Graves' IgG (which were positive at 1 mg/ml), however, this binding was not blocked by pretreatment of the protein blots with TSH. Normal IgGs showed no binding at concentrations of up to 2 mg/ml.Both Hashimoto's and Graves' IgG interacted with TSH-affinity column-purified receptor preparations.Two of the Hashimoto's IgGs induced adenylate cyclase activation in thyroid plasma membranes, three inhibited TSH-stimulated enzyme activation, and two were without effect. Two classes of autoantibodies, other than TSH receptor directed, were encountered; one class raised to antigens common to all seven patients and another class unique to individual patients, eg, Mr 210,000 and Mr 20,000 polypeptides.We propose that the TSH receptor has multiple epitopes (functional domains), and the one to which antimicrosomal antibody bind is likely to be spatially separated from that with which Graves' IgG and TSH interact. Differences in affinity or number of sites allows for the demonstration of Graves' IgG against a background of antimicrosomal antibody.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310204
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