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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: After synthesizing Wood-Anderson seismograms from broadband recordings at FDSN stations (BJT, SSE, INC and MDJ) in and near Korea, the empirical equations, for the vertical and horizontal components, respectively, for determination of local magnitude (M L ) in and near Korea, were estimated through a process of regression. Around 200 data, from events with epicentral distance ?D) ranging from 50 km to 1000 km, measured from synthetic Wood-Anderson seismograms were used. According to the regression with the constraint that the magnitude for an amplitude of 0.001 m measured at epicentral distance of 100 km is 3, the empirical formula (log 10 A 0 ) for the horizontal components is, with standard deviation (s) of 0.52, M L = log 10 A(D) + 1.71 log 10 A 0 (D) – 0.42 + C, and that for the vertical components is, with standard deviation (s) of 0.56, M L = log 10 A(D) +1.70 log 10 A 0 (D) – 0.4 + C, where, C is a station correction factor and A is the amplitude. This result shows that the attenuation in and near Korea is stronger than that in the East United States (Kim, 1998) and weaker than that in South California (Kanamori et al., 1993).
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Wood-Anderson seismograms ; local magnitude ; epicentral distance ; regression ; attenuation ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 2997606 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-11-07
    Description: We present coordinated magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground observations of EMIC waves on 17 April 2018. The EMIC waves were identified by using ground-based induction magnetometer at Neumayer station (geomagnetic latitude = 65, L = 5.6) in Antatica on the morningside (MLT = 9.5). The wave activity lasted one hour with a frequency of ~500 mHz. During the wave activity interval, Van Allen Probes-A was in the dawnside magnetosphere near the equator between 0.5 and 0.4 in magnetic latitude (MLAT) and observed EMIC waves in the frequency band centered at ~500 mHz for ~40-min interval when the spacecraft was located at L = 4.6-5.2 and MLT = 6.1-6.7 hrs, just inside the plasmapause. In the upper ionosphere, low-altitude Swarm-B satellite polar orbiting at a constant radial distance of 500 km altitude was on the morningside with a small local time separation (~1.5 hrs) between Neumayer station and Swarm-B's orbital meridian, and observed ~500-mHz waves for a short interval less than 1 min when the satellite cross a region of 66 MLAT, which is close to the magnetic latitude of Neumayer station. Since the orbital speed of Swarm-B is about 3.8/min, the occurrence region of EMIC waves in the upper ionosphere is very narrow (MLAT 〈 3.8) in magnetic latitude. This region corresponds to L 〈 0.1 in the equatorial region of the magnetosphere. The coordinated magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground observations reported here provide strong evidence for local generation of EMIC waves near the plasmapause.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-05-11
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5199-5203 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on polymeric substrates at room temperature by dc reactive magnetron sputtering from an In–Sn (90–10 wt%) alloy target. The electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of ITO films on various substrates such as polycarbonate, acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate, and glass are influenced sensitively by sputtering parameters. Therefore, the dependence of these properties on dc power, working pressure, and partial oxygen content has been systematically investigated. Low dc power was applied to avoid the deformation of polymeric substrates. The electrical resistivity of as-deposited ITO films decreases initially and then increases as oxygen partial pressure (PO2) increases. The optical transmittance at visible wavelength of 550 nm was as much as 85%. The friction force of as-deposited ITO films on various substrates is increased with an increase of dc power, and behaves similarly to the optimum curve of resistivity with increasing PO2. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6452-6466 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report quadrupole mass-selected, time-of-flight measurements of Mg+ from polished, single crystal MgO and Na+ from cleaved, single crystal NaNO3 exposed to 248 nm (5 eV) laser radiation. A large fraction of the ions emitted from these materials have energies well above the energy of the incident photon. As the fluence is raised from low values, the ion intensities show thresholdlike behavior with a high-order fluence dependence (roughly sixth order). At still higher fluences, the fluence dependence of Mg+ from MgO decreases to roughly second order. We attribute these emissions to weakly bound ions adsorbed atop surface electron traps; when the underlying vacancy is photoionized, the adsorbed ion is electrostatistically ejected at high energy. We argue that several photons are required to ionize a surface electron trap beneath an adsorbed ion, accounting for the high-order fluence dependence and satisfying conservation of energy. (Several 5 eV photons are required to produce a 10 eV ion.) We show that a sequence of single-photon absorption events involving photoionization, charge transfer, and retrapping account for this unusual fluence dependence. These emission intensities are strong functions of surface treatments which increase defect densities, e.g., abrasion in the case of MgO and electron bombardment in the case of NaNO3. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 7065-7072 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report measurements of the neutral and ion emissions accompanying laser irradiation of cleaved and abraded NaNO3 and CaCO3. In both materials, abraded surfaces yield especially intense positive ion emissions during laser irradiation at low fluences (i.e., fluences well below those required for surface damage and/or the formation of a fluorescent plume). Abraded NaNO3 also yields extremely intense neutral emissions (NO, O2) derived from NO3− decomposition. Measurements of neutral molecules released during abrasion show significant anion-derived emissions from both materials (CO2 from CaCO3; NO from NaNO3). We attribute the effect of abrasion on the laser-induced emissions to the production of easily photoionized electron traps during abrasion. Such traps are expected to strongly enhance photoinduced ion emission from both materials. Because the NO3− ion undergoes dissociative electron attachment, photoionizable defects also enhance NO emission during laser irradiation. In contrast, the CO32−anion does not appear to undergo dissociative electron attachment and no enhancement of CO2 emission is observed during laser irradiation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1256-1262 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optical activation, excitation, and concentration limits of erbium in crystal Si are studied. Preamorphized surface layers of Czochralski-grown (Cz) Si(100), containing 1.7×1018 O/cm3, were implanted with 250 keV Er at fluences in the range 8×1011–8×1014 cm−2. After thermal solid-phase epitaxy of the Er-doped amorphous layers at 600 °C, Er is trapped in the crystal at concentrations ranging from 3×1016 to 7×1019 Er/cm3, as measured by secondary-ion-mass spectrometry. Photoluminescence spectra taken at 77 K show the characteristic Er3+ intra-4f luminescence at 1.54 μm. Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy shows that Er is excited through a photocarrier-mediated process. Rapid thermal annealing at 1000 °C for 15 s increases the luminescence intensity, mainly due to an increase in minority-carrier lifetime, which enhances the excitation efficiency. Luminescent Er forms clusters with oxygen: the maximum Er concentration that can be optically activated is determined by the O content, and is (3±1)×1017 Er/cm3 in Cz-Si. The internal quantum efficiency for electrical excitation of Er in Cz-Si is larger than 3×10−6. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6109-6111 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The microwave absorbing characteristics and resonance of Y-type hexagonal ferrite–rubber composites were investigated. The complex permeability and permittivity of Ni2−xZnxY ferrite bodies were measured using a network analyzer in the frequency range of 200 MHz–14 GHz. Two types of resonance, the domain wall and the spin rotational resonance, were observed. With a ferrite particle with a diameter of about 1 μm, only spin rotational resonance was observed. The first matching frequency, found in the ferrite–rubber composites, which was higher than that of spin rotational resonance, increased with spin rotational resonance frequency. It was also found that domain wall resonance had no effects on the microwave absorbing characteristics. Based on these findings, it could be concluded that the microwave absorbing characteristics were caused by only one type of resonance, the spin rotational resonance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 100-102 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We applied multistrained short-period superlattices (SSPSs) and GaP buffer layers to the InP-on-Si heteroepitaxy, in order to suppress the generation of threading dislocations. As a result, it was found that the density of threading dislocations in an InP/SSPSs/GaAs/SSPSs/GaP/Si structure including (InAs)m(GaAs)n SSPSs and (GaAs)i(GaP)j SSPSs was remarkably reduced, compared with that in the InP/GaP/Si structure. Misfit dislocations lying along the 〈011〉 directions were observed at heterointerfaces in the InP/SSPSs/GaAs/SSPSs/GaP/Si structure. Therefore, the lattice mismatch strain was stepwise accommodated by the generation of misfit dislocations at the heterointerfaces. From these results, it was clarified that multi-SSPSs are effective for reducing the density of threading dislocations in heteroepitaxy with a large lattice mismatch. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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