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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sputtering pressure effects and temperature-dependent magnetism of Co/Pd multilayers : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6084-6086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of the sputtering Ar pressure effects on magnetic properties and the coercivity mechanism of Co(2 A(ring))/Pd(13 A(ring)) multilayers were studied as the sputtering Ar pressure varied from 3–15 mTorr and the temperature from 300 to 35 K. It is found that the roughness of the interfaces or film surface increases with increasing sputtering pressure, the anisotropy increases with decreasing temperature and increasing Ar pressure and shows a maximum at PAr≈12 mTorr, and the coercivity increases with Ar pressure and shows stronger temperature dependence at higher Ar pressure. The coercivity mechanism was analyzed in terms of the coercivity predicted by Kronmüller's theory [Phys. Status Solidi B 144, 385 (1987)]. Wall pinning is found to be the main mechanism and the size of the pinning site increases slightly as the Ar pressure increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358372
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and magneto-optic properties of sputtered Co/Ni multilayers : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6495-6497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the magnetic and magneto-optic properties of Co/Ni multilayers deposited on Ag and Au buffer layers. The samples with Au buffer layers show perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, but those with Ag buffer layers do not. The structure and degree of crystalline alignment of the buffer layer are evidently crucial to development of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We also present the results of polar Kerr rotation measurements as a function of wavelength and layer thickness of the multilayers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356975
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational and photoemission study of the interface between phenyl diamine and indium tin oxide (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1561-1563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) and ultraviolet photoemission (UPS) measurements of the interface of phenyl diamine (NPB) and indium tin oxide (ITO) were performed. The HREELS spectrum of the oxygen-plasma-treated ITO was characterized by dipolar-active-phonon modes at 71 and 134 meV. Upon deposition of NPB on ITO, the HREELS loss peaks of ITO gradually diminished, while the NPB-derived loss peaks appeared. The negligible energy shifts of the NPB peaks with NPB thickness suggested a rather weak interaction between NPB and ITO. The remarkable intensity change of the loss band at 71–65 meV gave evidence for a strong vibrational coupling between the ITO phonon mode at 71 meV and the NPB-derived vibrational mode at 65 meV. Annealing of the NPB/ITO interface with 20 Å of NPB resulted in the decoupling of the two vibrational modes, presumably due to crystallization of the NPB overlayer. UPS measurements showed a sharp decrease in work function at the initial NPB deposition, which is attributable to a dipole layer formed at the interface. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1399314
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct evidence for interaction of magnesium with tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1422-1424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction between magnesium (Mg) and tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum (Alq3) has been studied using high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS). It was found that deposition of magnesium on the Alq3 film gave rise to clear changes in the HREELS spectra. The changes are attributed to the weakly bounded Mg atoms on the Alq3 layer. Interestingly, for a given amount of magnesium (Mg to Al atoms ratio=3) on Alq3 film, remarkable changes were observed in the HREELS spectra when the sample was heated. A loss peak at 81 meV, which was assigned to Mg–O stretch mode, appeared upon annealing and increased in intensity as the annealing temperature increased up to about 360 K. This suggested that the diffusion of Mg atoms into the Alq3 layer and the reaction between Mg and Alq3 molecule occurred at the temperature range investigated. The present work has provided direct evidence for the strong interaction between magnesium and Alq3. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126051
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residues of Ethoxyquin and Ethoxyquin Dimer in Ocean-Farmed Salmonids Determined by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The occurrence of residues of ethoxyquin (EQ) and ethoxyquin dimer (DM) from fish feeds in the liver and muscle of farmed salmon and steelhead was studied. For quantitative analysis of DM, the tissue was partially hydrolyzed with 50% NaOH, and then the lipid and antioxidant residues were extracted with hexane. After solvent removal and recovery into acetonitrile, DM was determined by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector, with the excitation wavelength set at 360 nm and the emission wavelength at 440 nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile:0.01M ammonium acetate (80:20, v:v). The EQ levels were very low, but the DM levels were higher. The recoveries from the spiked samples were 88 ± 4% for DM. Sample site determinations indicated that the DM residue level could be associated with depot fat except in the liver, where the tissue content of DM was 60% to 70% less. Similar results appear satisfactory for ethoxyquin extracted from fish oils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb10603.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver Injury-preventive Effect of Tea Theanine in Rats (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was conducted to isolate the constituent, which had a preventive effect on D-galactosamine-induced rat liver injury, from the 70% ethanol-soluble fraction of Japanese green tea. Theanine (glutamic acid γ-ethylamide) was identified as the active compound, and the liver injury-preventive effect of theanine was dose-dependent. L-Glutamic acid γ-ethyl ester, but not glutamine, also brought about a significantly preventive effect on liver injury when added to the diet at equimolar levels to that of 1% theanine. The results indicate that theanine is one of the effective constituents of Japanese green tea in preventing D-galactosamine-induced liver injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15951.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of UV irradiation on unsaturated fatty acid monolayers and multilayer films: x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy study (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 9 (1993), S. 2363-2369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00033a019
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of Cs and CO on Ru(0001) for Cs submonolayer coverages (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 3417-3422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of Cs and CO was studied for submonolayer coverages of Cs on Ru(0001) by means of high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS), thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). From the HREEL spectra and the 2×2 LEED pattern it is concluded that two-dimensional islands of Cs+2CO stoichiometry are formed first. For high CO doses CO adsorbs on the bare Ru surface between the islands as concluded from the ν(C–O) stretch-mode frequency and the ((square root of 3)×(square root of 3))R30° LEED pattern. Besides some local interaction between CO and Cs, there is strong evidence found for a long range, through substrate interaction. Our data can be understood in terms of a charge redistribution model; Cs donates a given amount of charge to the surface which is then backdonated to and shared between the adsorbed CO molecules within the (Cs+2CO)-islands and outside of them on the bare surface. The desorption temperature of CO with θCO→0 increases nearly linearly with θCs indicating CO desorption out of a two dimensional Cs gas in which the lateral interaction increases with θCs. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473072
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The muscle twitch and the maximum swimming speed of giant bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus L. (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 35 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Sustained swimming of bluefin tuna was analysed from video recordings made of a captive patrolling fish school [lengths (L) 1.7–3.3 m, body mass (M) 54–433 kg]. Speeds ranged from 0.6 to 1.2 L s−1 (86–260 km day−1) while stride length during steady speed swimming varied between 0.54 and 0.93 L. Maximum swimming speed was estimated by measuring twitch contraction of the anaerobic swimming muscle in pithed fish 5 min after death. Muscle contraction time increased from the shortest just behind the head (30–50 ms at 20% L) to the longest at the tail peduncle (80–90 ms at 80% L) (all at 28°C). A fish (L = 2.26 m) with a muscle contraction time of 50 ms at 25% L can have a maximum tail beat frequency of 10 Hz and maximum swimming speed of 15m s−1 (54km h−1) with a stride length of 0.65L. With a stride length of 1 L a speed of 22.6 m s−1 (81.4 km h−1) is possible. Power used at maximum speed was estimated for this fish at between 10 and 40 kW, with corresponding values for the drag coefficient at a Reynolds number of 4.43 × 107 of 0.0007 and 0.0027.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03399.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tilting behaviour of the Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus, at low swimming speeds (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 29 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Negatively-buoyant Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus L., (fork length 30–39 cm) tilt their bodies with the head up while swimming at speeds below 0.8 body length per second (B.L. s−1). This behaviour is quantitatively described by the body attack angle and swimming speed measured from film records. The maximum recorded body attack angle was 27° in a 32 cm-long fish swimming at 0.45 B.L. s−1 while its nose followed a course close to the horizontal. In general, larger body attack angles were shown at lower swimming speeds and were associated with denser bodies at each speed. We consider that this behaviour pattern allows the fish to maintain a chosen swimming depth while its body creates lift by acting as a hydrofoil. Lift from the fins is insufficient at low swimming speeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1986.tb05013.x
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