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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Living dispersion polymerization of styrene in the presence of polystyrene-block-poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene) (1994)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 32 (1994), S. 545-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Living polystyrene microparticles with average particle diameters varying between 0.5 and 3.8 μm were obtained via sec-butyl lithium-initated anionic polymerization of styrene in n-hexane diluent when polystyrene-block-poly(4-trimethyl-silylstyrene) was added as dispersing agent. The influence of block copolymer molecular architecture and concentration as well as polymerization temperature, monomer concentration and THF addition on polystyrene particle size, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were investigated. In comparison to anionic styrene polymerization in cyclohexane solution, the anionic styrene dispersion polymerization in n-hexane was markedly slower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00973900
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of carbohydrate-based amphiphiles (1995)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 34 (1995), S. 271-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Novel amphiphilic N-alkyl-, N-decenyl-, and N-alkyl-N'-methyl-semicarbazones of maltose and maltotriose with CnH2n+1 alkyl chains and n=8,9,10,11,12,16 were applied as emulsifiers in styrene emulsion polymerization. Surfactant properties, emulsion polymerization, and rheology were examined as a function of amphiphile molecular architectures. Both critical micelle concentration and average polystyrene particle size increased with decreasing alkyl chain length. Using N-methyl-N-[11-(acryloylamino)-undecanoyl]-glucamine comonomer in a starved feed emulsion polymerization process, it was possible to prepare uniform polystyrene latex with glucamide surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294144
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of carbohydrate-based amphiphiles (1995)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 34 (1995), S. 691-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Novel amphiphilic N-alkyl-, N-decenyl-, and N-alkyl-N'-methyl-semicarbazones of maltose and maltotriose with CnH2n+1 alkyl chains and n=8,9,10,11,12,16 were applied as emulsifiers in styrene emulsion polymerization. Surfactant properties, emulsion polymerization, and rheology were examined as a function of amphiphile molecular architectures. Both critical micelle concentration and average polystyrene particle size increased with decreasing alkyl chain length. Using N-methyl-N-[11-(acryloylamino)-undecanoyl]-glucamine comonomer in a starved feed emulsion polymerization process, it was possible to prepare uniform polystyrene latex with glucamide surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423370
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel materials through stereocomplexation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of computer-aided materials design 3 (1996), S. 341-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4900
    Keywords: Poly(lactide) ; Alternating propylene-CO-copolymer ; Stereocomplex ; Powder diffraction ; Force-field simulation ; Poly(ethyleneglycol) ; AB block copolymers ; Atomic force microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Both (−)- and (+)-poly(lactide) (PLA) crystallize into a stereocomplex with a melting point that is 50 °C higher than that of crystals of the same-handed enantiomers. According to Boyer et al. [Polym. Prepr., 36 (1995) 87] and Jiang et al. [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117 (1995) 7037], alternating isotactic propylene-CO-copolymers (P(P-alt-CO)) also form a stereocomplex with a higher melting point (60 °C). Force-Field-simulated structures for both polymer systems were found to agree well with X-ray data, irrespective of whether they had a chiral or racemic packing. The almost similar results for both stereocomplexes indicate that they might form a mixed stereocomplex of (−)-PLA and (+)-P(P-alt-CO). In acetonitrile, both enantiomers of an AB block copolymer derivative, poly(lactide)-poly(ethyleneglycol) (PLA-PEG); were found to crystallize exclusively into a racemic lattice. The influence of racemic packing on self-assembly of the two-block copolymer was analyzed by atomic-force microscopy. An equimolar mixture of (−)- and (+)-PLA-PEG formed spherical particles through stereocomplexation, in contrast to chiral block copolymers that formed large crystal needles and long rods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01185672
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor induced crystallization of syndiotactic random copolymers of styrene with p-n-butylstyrene (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 40 (1998), S. 313-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary. The vapor induced modification of bulk samples of syndiotactic random copolymers of styrene and p-n-butylstyrene is studied by wide-angle X-ray scattering and light microscopy. Two samples with p-n-butylstyrene contents of 4 and 11 mol% are compared. It is shown that treatment with CHCl3 leads to the formation of a clathrate modification similar to that of neat syndiotactic polystyrene. The change of the surface topography of the copolymers as a result of CHCl3 vapor exposition is studied by tapping-mode/height-mode atomic force microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050257
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses of mono(1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)-terminated oligopropene macromonomers and novel polymers containing oligopropene side chains (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 36 (1996), S. 303-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Mono(1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)-terminated atactic oligopropene with Mn=710g/mol was derived in high yields from monoester-terminated oligopropene via reaction with 2-aminoethanol and subsequent Ti(OC4H9)4-catalyzed dehydration at 180°C. Cationic bulk polymerization of this novel macromonomer, initiated with 2 mol% methyl-4-nitrobenzenesulfonate at 200°C, afforded high molecular weight poly[N-oligopropene-1-carbonyl]-ethyleneimine]. Grafting of mono(1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)-terminated oligopropene with poly(ethene-co-methacrylic acid), containing 3 mol% methacrylic acid, by heating both components for 15minutes at 220°C yielded novel ethene copolymers containing 41wt% esteramide-coupled oligopropene as side chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319229
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymers from renewable resoureces: polyester resins and blends based upon anhydride-cured epoxidized soybean oil (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 679-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A broad range of crosslinked polyesters were prepared by curing epoxidized soybean oil with various dicarboxylic acid anhydrides in the presence of cure catalysts such as tertiary amines, imidazoles, or aluminum acetylacetonate. The mechanical and thermal properties of the casting resins were dependent upon the type of anhydride. While the anhydrides of hexahydrophthalic acid, succinic acid, and norbornene dicarboxylic acid yielded highly flexible rubbery materials with glass transition temperatures below room temperature, the more rigid anhydrides of maleic and phthalic acid gave amorphous stiff polyesters with higher glass transition temperatures varying between 43 and 73°C. When the cure reaction was carried out in polypropylene melts, multiphase polymers were formed containing polyester phases dispersed in the continuous polyolefin matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300127
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