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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A detailed study of the diurnal variation on long term basis was performed on geomagnetically quiet days using the experimental data of the cosmic ray intensity from the worldwide neutron monitoring stations. During the period when the polarity of the solar magnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere of the sun is negative the phase and amplitude of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days was observed to remain almost constant. When the polarity of solar magnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere changes from negative to positive, a shift in the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days towards earlier hours is observed and the shift is found to be maximum during minimum solar activity periods 1953-54 and 1975-76. When the polarity of solar magnetic field changes from positive to negative in the Northern Hemisphere of the Sun the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days recovers to its usual direction of corotational anisotropy and is observed to remain almost constant till the polarity of the solar magnetic field does not change.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: SH-4.5-11 , 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 5; p 126-129; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-5
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  • 2
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The spectral exponents of the diurnal and semidiurnal anisotropies are studied on quiet and disturbed days for a period from 1964 to 75. It has been observed for the diurnal anisotropy that the spectral exponent for quiet days is 0.0 from 1964 to 70, however during 1971 and onwards its value is found different from zero and is -0.4; for disturbed days the spectral exponent is observed to be 0.0 from 1964 to 75 with an exception of the year 1966. Further, it has been observed for the semi-diurnal anisotropy that the best value for the spectral exponent on quiet days being + 0.6 from 1964 to 74; however on disturbed days the value of spectral exponent is sometimes negative or positive but different from zero. It was derived from the present investigation that superimposed on the corotational anisotropy, expected from a balance between outward radial convection and inward field aligned diffusion, there is an additional component operating during the period under consideration.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: SH-4.5-10 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf., Vol. 5; p 125
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The data from the world wide grid of neutron monitoring stations was analyzed for a comparative study of the phase of diurnal anisotropy on quiet and disturbed days on a long term basis up to recent period. It has been observed that the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on disturbed days where the value of the Ap-index is higher, is found to shift towards earlier hours in comparison to the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days where the value of Ap-index is lower on all the stations from 1965 to 71. Such a trend is not observable for the later period. This affect is found to be more pronounced on equatorial stations, in particular, in comparison to high latitude stations. It was derived from these observational facts that the relationship between Ap-index and the phase of the diurnal anisotropy is not invariant throughout the period of consideration. Furthermore, the exact cause of such a drastic change is not known, but it demonstrates very clearly that the interplanetary conditions which are responsible for both, diurnal anisotropy of cosmic ray intensity and the geomagnetic Ap-index variation, have drastically changed during the period 1971 and onwards.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: SH-4.5-9 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf., Vol. 5; p 124
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 183; July 15
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The intensity of He I, 584 A radiation in the night sky was measured from a sounding rocket at altitudes between 160 and 217 km. The results obtained confirm previous measurements of this radiation. The observed intensity and spatial variations can be entirely accounted for by resonance scattering of solar 584 A radiation from interstellar helium. The best fit to the observations in this case is obtained with an interstellar helium model in which the bulk velocity of the gas is 5 km/sec, the temperature is 10,000 K, and the helium number density is 0.032 per cu cm. Even if a geocoronal scattering component is present, the data can be used to set a lower limit to the temperature of the local interstellar medium of 1,500 (plus or minus 500) K, assuming a normal interstellar helium abundance.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 188; Mar. 1
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The intensity and spatial variations of the He II 304-A radiation in the night sky were measured to an altitude of 264 km from a sounding rocket launched from Thumba, India, on Mar. 10, 1970. The data obtained are presented in the form of an all-sky map and are compared with theoretical predictions. The data are not consistent either with diffusive equilibrium models of exospheric helium or with plausible models of helium in the interplanetary medium. The data can be fit with a constant-density plasmasphere model bounded at the magnetic shell L = 4 in combination with a tenuous gas of helium ions in the plasma sheet. Numerical results obtained with this model are compared with in situ satellite observations.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Jan. 1
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