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  • 1
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    Tunable-diode laser absorption spectrometry (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Tunable-diode laser absorption spectrometry (TDLAS) affords a number of advantages for atmospheric measurements. It is a universal method, applicable, in principle, to all gases of atmospheric interest. Because of its extremely high spectral resolution it provides unequivocal identification of the target species, with no interferences from other gases. It provides real-time, in situ measurements with time resolutions better than 1 minute. The sensitivity of the current TDLAS system is marginally capable of measuring HO2. This species exists in the troposphere at concentrations which are up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of HO and, in addition, is much less susceptible to removal by the surfaces of the instrument and its sampling system. HO2 is an important HO sub x species in its own right but can also give direct information on the HO concentration by virtue of the rapid partitioning between these two species. The addition of the high-frequency modulation technique to the TDLAS system would ensure its ability to measure HO2 under most atmospheric conditions. The ability of the TDLAS to measure hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the ambient atmosphere was also demonstrated. H2O2 measurements give a clear indication of HO sub x mixing ratios and are also important as a photolytic source of HO and as an important oxidant for other atmospheric consitituents such as SO2.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Future Directions for H sub x O sub y Detection; p 58-59
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Nitric oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere as measured in SITU from an aircraft (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: As part of the instrument evaluation plan for the NASA Global Atmospheric Sampling Program, prototype instruments were tested aboard the NASA Convair 990 during four flights in January and February of 1974. All the data were taken in maritime air between Hawaii and San Francisco and between Hawaii and 155 deg W, 35 deg N. A chemiluminescent instrument was used to measure nitric oxide. Water vapor, which was measured by using an aluminum oxide hygrometer, ranged from 5.2 micro g/g to saturation. Ozone was measured by an instrument using the ultraviolet absorption technique and ranged up to 235 ppbv. Typical temporal plots of the concentrations of the three constituents are presented. All the constituents showed considerable spatial and day-to-day variation in concentration at each altitude flown. Measurements of the three constituents were made simultaneously at various altitudes between 7.6 and 12.5 km.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3174 , E-8077
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Hydrogen species (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Measurements of the members of the HO(x) family (OH, HO2, and H2O2) and their major source gases, H2O, and CH4 are discussed. Emphasis is placed on measurements which were made since the 1982 World Meteorologic Organization (WMO) report. Measurement techniques, available data, an assessment of data reliability, and a comparison of the data with theoretical distributions of stratospheric HO(x) species predicted from one and two dimensional photochemical models are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Atmospheric Ozone 1985. Assessment of our Understanding of the Processes Controlling its Present Distribution and Change, Volume 2; 58 p
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Measurements of tropospheric nitric acid over the western United States and northeastern Pacific Ocean (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: HNO3 measurements obtained in the free troposphere (FT) and boundary layer (BL) over the western U.S. and the NE Pacific during the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment Chemical Instrumentation Test and Evaluation 2 (CITE 2) program in summer 1986 are reported. The CITE 2 HNO3 instruments and flight protocols are described, and the results are presented in tables and graphs. Over the ocean, the average HNO3 mixing ratios were found to be 108 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) in the FT and 62 pptv in the BL, suggesting removal of HNO3 from the BL by dry deposition. The corresponding values over land were 61 pptv for the FT and 767 pptv for the BL, and the horizontal distribution of BL HNO3 indicated an anthropogenic origin.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 10199-10
    Format: text
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