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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 15 (1977), S. 710-711 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Electromyography ; Surface electrodes ; Preamplifier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 18 (1980), S. 57-64 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Computer processing ; Electromyography ; Normal movement patterns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A standardised movement task has been developed for an investigation of normal patterns of electromyographic (e.m.g.) activity. The subject is required to turn a cranked wheel with his arm which is supported horizontally in front of him. The movement is standardised by positioning the subject using anatomical landmarks and is defined by a single parameter, the angle of the wheel. The present report describes the acquisition and processing of e.m.g. signals from a group of arm and trunk muscles and shows that characteristic patterns of e.m.g. activity in relation to the position of the wheel can be defined. Further processing by computer may be used to obtain simple parameters for the comparison of patterns. Two normal subjects were tested in a number of sessions to demonstrate the repeatability of the processing techniques and results from a group of 20 normal subjects used to define average patterns. Preliminary results from stroke patients show significant departures from these normal patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 16 (1978), S. 651-660 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Electromyography ; Power spectra ; Surface electrodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Un modèle analogique à deux dimensions en papier conducteur et un modèle théorique à trois dimensions sont utilisés pour étudier l'influence de l'espacement et de la taille des électrodes sur la forme d'onde et le spectre de fréquences du signal détecté par les électrodes de surface bipolaires lorsqu'un potential d.action se propage dans une fibre musculaire sous la surface de la peau. La sélectivité spatiale des électrodes bipolaires et son amélioration possible grâce à des techniques de filtrage linéaire sont ensuite discutées. Enfin, l'article compare les spectres de puissance d'e.m.g. prédits avec certaines mesures pratiques du muscle brachial du biceps chez des sujets normaux.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe eines 2-dimensionalen Litpapier-Analogmodells und eines 3-dimensionalen Feldtheoriemodells wird der Einfluß der Elektrodenabstände und-größe auf die Wellenform und das Frequenzspektrum des von bipolaren Oberflächenelektroden festgestellten Signals untersucht, wenn sich in einer Muskelfaser unter der Hautoberfläche ein Aktionspotential ausbreitet. Danach wird auf die Raumselektivität bipolarer Elektroden und ihre eventuelle Verbesserung durch lineare Filtrierverfahren eingegangen. Schließlich werden noch vorausgesagte e.m.g.-Kraftspektren mit einigen praktischen Messungen verglichen, die bei normalen Versuchapersonen am Bicepsbrachiimuskel vorgenommen wurden.
    Notes: Abstract A 2-dimensional conducting-paper analogue and a 3-dimensional field-theory model are used to investigate the influence of electrode spacing and size on the waveshape and frequency spectrum of the signal detected by bipolar surface electrodes, when an action potential propagates in a muscle fibre below the skin surfce. The spatial selectivity of bipolar electrodes, and its possible enhancement by linear filtering techniques, are then discussed. Finally, predicted e.m.g power spectra are compared with some practical measurements on biceps brachii muscle in normal subjects.
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