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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of methylene chloride sorption on the mechanical properties of poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK)This work was conducted under the McDonnell Douglas Independent Research and Development program. (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 727-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of sorbed methylene chloride on the tensile strength and fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance of PEEK were determined. PEEK sorbs up to 23 wt% methylene chloride; the transport process is essentially Case II, that is, the methylene chloride advances as a sharp front. Sorbed methylene chloride significantly reduces the tensile strength of neat PEEK and the strength reduction is linearly proportional to the amount of solvent sorbed. FCG rates in neat PEEK are increased by the methylene chloride sorption. At saturation, the FCG rates are two orders of magnitude higher than in dry PEEK. Methylene chloride plasticizes the resin, thereby reducing its glass transition temperature (Tg), tensile strength, and FCG resistance.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350313
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The solubility and diffusion of water in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK)This work was performed under the McDonnell Douglas Independent Research and Development Program. (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 31-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The transport properties of water in neat poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) coupons (2 to 6 mm thick) were investigated by gravimetric and mass spectrometric methods. The solubility of water increases from 0.44 wt.% at 35°C to 0.55 wt.% at 95°C; the temperature coefficient is 8 kJ/mol (1.9 kcal/mol). The diffusion processes for sorption, desorption, and resorption at 35°, 50°, 65°, 80°, and 95°C are, within experimental error, the same. The activation energy for diffusion is 42.7 kJ/mol (10.2 kcal/mol). The diffusion process is classical Case I Fickian in the temperature region investigated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport behavior of carbon disulfide into poly aryl ether ether ketone (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 717-724 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The sorption/desorption of carbon disulfide into/from PEEK as a function of crystallinity and temperature was investigated. The sorption curves of carbon disulfide into PEEK show only two major regions: (a) an increase of penetrant weight with time, and (b) a limiting equilibrium value (solubility). This is in contrast to the sorption of toluene into PEEK which shows three regions. The solubility of carbon disulfide decreases with increasing crystallinity, but temperature has little effect on the solubility in the temperature range of 25-40°C. An acceleration in penetration rate at the later stage of diffusion is observed for PEEK films whose crystallinity is greater than 13.4%, suggesting Supercase II diffusion. Carbon disulfide can be desorbed completely from PEEK in contrast to other fluids, such as toluene or methylene chloride, which are difficult to desorb. The normalized weight loss of carbon disulfide during desorption is an exponential function of square-root time. Solvent-induced crystallization was observed. Crystallinity was estimated from both the measured density and microhardness of the desorbed polymer and polymer which had undergone a sorption/desorption/resorption/desorption cycle. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of morphology on the transport of dichloromethane in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 2145-2167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A study of the transport of the dichloromethane in neat poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) samples with thicknesses from 0.08 to 3.0 mm with different morphologies was conducted at 35°C. Both sorption and desorption of the solvent were studied. Thermal annealing was used to vary the sample morphology, and density measurements were used to determine the crystallinity of the samples. The equilibrium concentration of solvent and rate of solvent sorption were found to vary with sample morphology. The density of the dichloromethane when in the PEEK resin was found to be 1.65 g/cm3. Solvent desorption was independent of sample morphology or any previous sample treatment and depended only upon desorption temperature. Solvent sorption appears to alter the morphology of amorphous samples by increasing the crystallinity to about 20% after one sorption/desorption cycle. Small amounts of the solvent, less than 0.5 wt.%, remain trapped in fully desorbed samples. The micromorphology of solvent-induced crystallization appears to be different from that induced by thermal treatment.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090261010
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption of toluene in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 113-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: sorption of toluene in PEEK, swelling and temperature effects in ; poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone), transport of toluene penetrant in and swelling of ; morphology and swelling of PEEK in toluene ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The absorption and swelling of poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) in toluene as a function of resin morphology and temperature in the range 35-95°C was investigated. In all cases the weight gain curves exhibit three characteristics: (1) an induction period, which is a strong function of both temperature and initial crystallinity, (2) a main absorption region, which is linear with square-root time, and (3) a final equilibrium value, namely, solubility. The solubility of amorphous PEEK decreases with temperature and the heat of solution is -0.93 kcal/mol. The induction period varies with the fourth power of the crystallinity and decreases with temperature with an apparent activation energy of 50 kcal/mol. The strength of the interaction between the crystalline regions is markedly reduced at temperatures greater than 80°C. Swelling accompanying the absorption of the toluene is highly anisotropic with most of the dimensional changes occurring in the thickness direction. The deswelling process, however, is essentially isotropic. The concentration of toluene in solution has a strong effect on the transport process; the equilibrium solubility of toluene in amorphous PEEK immersed in a toluene/iso-octane mixture is a linear function of toluene concentration; but the pseudo-diffusion coefficient for the absorption of toluene varies approximately with the fourth power of its concentration.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1992.090300201
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvent-induced crystallinity in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) [PEEK] (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK), solvent-induced crystallinity in ; crystallization of PEEK, solvent-induced ; sorption of solvents in PEEK, crystallinity induced by ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The amount and structure of the crystals formed by the solvent-induced crystallization (SIC) following a sorption-desorption cycle of five fluids (benzene, toluene, chloroform, methylene chloride, and carbon disulfide) in amorphous PEEK was determined by wideangle x-ray scattering (WAXS). The SIC crystal structure was compared with that produced by thermal methods, both those formed at low temperature by heating the amorphous material 10-20°C above Tg or by cooling from the melt. Although smaller in size, the SIC crystals are tighter and more organized than those produced thermally. The WAXS data indicates that all five fluids produce approximately 35% crystallinity in PEEK. Gravimetric data suggest that a low-density region, consisting of either microvoids or highly disordered amorphous region, surrounds the crystals.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1992.090300304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal oxidative degradation of an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-copolymer-based electrical wire insulation (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 601-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A multidisciplinary spectroscopic evaluation of a commercial wire insulation based on a cross-linked copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (X-ETFE) was conducted to determine the chemical changes taking place during thermal aging. These studies provided insight into the roles of the various additives, such as triallylisocyanurate (TAIC) and antimony oxide, in the formulated X-ETFE insulation. During irradiation processing, a large fraction of the TAIC is converted to a cross-linked isocyanurate moiety; the unconverted TAIC is released during aging. Thermal aging of the X-ETFE wire insulations was performed in air at 200°C for up to 5 months and resulted in oxidation of the base ETFE, loss of unreacted TAIC, and a small amount of dehydrofluorination. The antimony oxide serves the multiple roles of flame retardant and scavenger for the pyrolytically generated hydrogen fluoride.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070430322
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of methylene chloride in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK)This work was performed under the McDonnell Douglas Independent Research and Development program. (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 935-945 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The sorption of methylene chloride in neat PEEK was investigated as a function of temperature, sample thickness, surface treatment, and thermal history. The solubility of H2CCl2 in neat PEEK is 23 wt.% and is independent of thickness. Both surface treatment and thermal annealing strongly affect the rate of penetration; the as-Received material sorbs H2CCl2 more rapidly than abraded or annealed samples; however, the bulk solubility is independent of surface treatment. The sorption and desorption processes are considerably different, and the diffusion process is not simple Fickian Case I. The penetrant advances as a sharp front, suggesting a two-step, relaxation-controlled diffusion mechanism.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250416
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The absorption of organic liquids in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) [PEEK] (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 29 (1991), S. 1533-1539 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK),sorption and diffusion of organic liquids in ; diffusion of organic liquids in PEEK ; absorption and desorption of organic liquids in PEEK ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The absorption and subsequent desorption of benzene, toluene, carbon disulfide, and chloroform in amorphous and 27% crystalline poly (aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) were determined. At 35°C, the equilibrium weight gain (solubility) of benzene, toluene, chloroform, and CS2 are 23.5, 19.8, 51.2, and 21.2 wt%, respectively. The initial weight gain is linear with root-time and pseudodiffusion constants for absorption into amorphous PEEK ranging from 0.35 to 9.85 x 10-12m2/s were calculated. The desorption processes are two-step and are controlled by the Tg of the penetrant-resin mixture. The rate of diffussion into the crystalline material is extremely slow; crystalline PEEK reaches saturation (12.5 wt%) after immersion in CS2 (35°C) for several hundred hours but, even after 1300 h immersion, the other fluids do not reach saturation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1991.090291210
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress enhanced sorption of water in poly(aryl ether ether ketone) [PEEK]Project supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Washington, DC. (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 331-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: poly(aryl ether ether ketone) ; water sorption ; tensile stress ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330219
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