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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A competition assay to detect scrapie prion protein by capillary electrophoresisPresented at the 17th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography and Electrophoresis, Wintergreen, Virginia, USA, May 1995 (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Microcolumn Separations 7 (1995), S. 521-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-7685
    Keywords: prion protein ; immunocomplexes ; capillary electrophoresis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of animals and humans are infectious diseases that cause progressive degenerative disorders of the central nervous system. These diseases are caused by an accumulation in the lysosymes of a modified normal cellular protein. This protein is modified by a post translational modification which truncates a host cellular protein at the N-terminus causing a conformational change in the protein. After modification, this protein becomes resistant to proteases and aggregates into rod-shaped fibrils in the brains of infected animals. When these aggregates are subjected to SDS-PAGE in the presence of 2-β-mercaptoethanol, a monomeric form (prion protein) is observed with a molecular mass of ca. 27 kdaltons. Capillary electrophoresis was used to detect immunocomplex formation of the prion protein with an antiserum produced to a peptide of the prion protein. The synthesized peptide was labeled with fluorescein iodoacetamide at the free sulfhydryl group of cysteine that was added to N-terminus of the peptide. When the fluorescein labeled peptide was incubated with increasing concentrations of the rabbit antibody, a new peak that was proportional to the amount of antiserum in the reaction mixture with a concurrent reduction in the labeled peptide peaks was observed. Incubation overnight at 4°C enhanced immunocomplex formation. Competition of unlabeled peptide and of brain samples prepared from sheep for the fluorescein labeled peptide was carried out using a concentration of rabbit antibody that produced ca. 50% of the maximum amount of immunocomplex formation. Unlabeled peptide and brain samples prepared from scrapie infected sheep brain but not from normal sheep reduced immunocomplex formation. This reduction was dependent on the concentration of the peptide and the amount of scrapie infected brain sample. By using competition for labeled peptide instead of using direct binding of the antiserum to the prion protein as in a previous study, we increased the sensitivity of detection of the scrapie prion protein. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcs.1220070513
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of photopolymerized bioerodible hydrogel properties for adhesion prevention (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 28 (1994), S. 831-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The aim of this study was to optimize the properties of a lubricious bioerodible hydrogel barrier for the prevention of postoperative adhesions. Water-soluble macromers based on block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(lactic acid) or poly(glycolic acid) with terminal acrylate groups were used, and these macromers were gelled in vivo by exposure to long wavelength ultraviolet light. The precursor was photopolymerized from buffered saline solution while in contact with the tissues. This resulted in the conformal coating of the tissue with an adherent hydrogel film, while forming a nonadhesive barrier at the free surface, on the treated wound site. The hydrogels were evaluated in two animal models of postsurgical adhesions, first in a rat cecum abrasion model and then in a rabbit utreine hornischemia model. In the rat cecum model, six of seven animals treated with a hydrogel, with glycolide in the precursor as the comonomer, showed no adhesions; untreated animals and animals treated with precursor, but not gelled with light, showed consistent dense adhesions. In the rabbit uterine horn ischemia model, using hydrogels with lactide in the precursor as the comonomer, and PEG of molecular weight from 6,000 to 18,500 Da, adhesions were dramatically reduced, with occurrence in none of seven animals treated with a gel containing PEG 10,000. By contrast, the seven animals in the control group demonstrated a mean of 35% involvement of the horn length in dense, fibrous adhesions. These materials, photopolymerized in vivo in direct contact with the tissues, appear to form an adherent hydrogel barrier that is highly effective in reducing postoperative adhesions in the models used. An optimum exists in the molecular weight of the PEG and in the composition of the degradable link for most effective performance. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820280710
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical study of bond energies in model Si-H-Cl molecules using density functional approaches for representing Si surface chemistry (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 18 (1997), S. 2075-2085 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: silicon ; ab initio ; density functional ; molecular orbital calculations ; effective core potentials ; surface chemistry models ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The reliability of density functional theory (DFT) methods for calculating Si(SINGLE BOND)2H, Si(SINGLE BOND)Cl, and Si(SINGLE BOND)Si bond energies is examined in reactions involving molecules and small clusters representing various surface sites appropriate for Si surface chemistry. Results are presented for systematic studies using a valence double-zeta polarization basis for both all-electron calculations and valence-electron calculations employing effective core potentials (ECPs). All-electron DFT results are comparable to much more demanding MP4, G2, and MC-SCF-CI calculations for computed bond energies. Whereas the use of ECPs introduces systematic energy differences of ca. 3-5 kcal/mol compared to AE results, depending on the type of bond involved, the use of ECPs for carrying out calculations on larger clusters is discussed where AE calculations become more computationally demanding. The convergence of Si bond energies as a function of replacing hydrogens with silyl groups is examined. In constructing models to describe etching processes involving Cl species on Si surfaces, the need for incorporating differences in thermochemistries for one-, two-, and three-coordinate Si surface sites is emphasized. Comparisons of semiempirical approaches for thermochemistries of Si-containing species find these methods somewhat less reliable for obtaining reliable bond energies compared to computationally more demanding DFT and ab initio correlated models.   © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   J Comput Chem 18: 2075-2085, 1997
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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