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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 19 (1983), S. 309-321 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Bioluminescence ; Luciferase ; Luciferin ; Evolution of luminescence ; Oxygenases ; Peroxides and light emission
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A diversity of organisms are endowed with the ability to emit light, and to display and control it in a variety of ways. Most of the luciferins (substrates) of the various phylogenetically distant systems fall into unrelated chemical classes, and based on still limited data, the luciferases (enzymes) and reaction mechanisms are distinctly different. Based on its diversity and phylogenetic distribution, it is estimated that bioluminescence may have arisen independently as many as 30 times in the course of evolution. However, there are several examples of cross-phyletic similarities among the substrates; some of these may be accounted for nutritionally, but in other cases they may have evolved independently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Cicadas ; Ectotherms ; Behavioral thermoregulation ; Evaporative cooling ; Microhabitat selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Tibicen chiricahua and T. duryi are cicada species that are active as adults early each summer in central New Mexico, and are often syntopic in pinyon-juniper woodlands. Both species regulate thoracic temperature (Tth) within fairly narrow limits by utilizing behavioral mechanisms and evaporative cooling. However, syntopic populations of these two species were found to regulate at different Tth despite having synchronous annual and daily activity periods; overall mean Tth of T. chiricahua was 3.1°C higher than it was for T. duryi. Interspecific differences in evaporative cooling abilities and rates of passive heat exchange could not account for this difference in Tth. Part of the difference in Tth resulted from the fact that individuals of the two species were active in thermally distinct microhabitats. Within each species, mean Tth varied among behavior categories, and differences in how the two species allocated their time between activities also contributed to the interspecific difference in Tth. Though T. duryi is restricted to pinyon-juniper habitats such as the one in this study, T. chiricahua is also found in warmer habitats. The difference in Tth in the syntopic populations probably reflects interspecific differences in thermal preferences and thermal optima that are adaptive over their respective habitat ranges. The degree of dependence of Tth on ambient temperature (Tam) varied between activities within both species, with the least dependence exhibited during singing. Singing involves intense activity of tymbal muscles, which apparently can only function effectively over a relatively narrow range of temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase — Gene transfer — Cryptomonads — Dinoflagellates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Sequence analysis of two nuclear-encoded glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes isolated from the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra distinguishes them as cytosolic and chloroplastic forms of the enzyme. Distance analysis of the cytosolic sequence shows the Gonyaulax gene branching early within the cytosolic clade, consistent with other analyses. However, the plastid sequence forms a monophyletic group with the plastid isoforms of cryptomonads, within an otherwise cytosolic clade, distinct from all other plastid GAPDHs. This is attributed to lateral gene transfer from an ancestral cryptomonad to a dinoflagellate, providing the first example of genetic exchange accompanying symbiotic associations between the two, which are common in present day cells.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 69 (1982), S. 94-96 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Circadian rhythm ; period length ; creatine ; S-methyl-cis-2-(methylthio) cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ; Gonyaulax polyedra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The circadian clock in the unicellular algaGonyaulax polyedra is accelerated by a substance in extracts from the cells themselves. The extracts have been fractionated using the circadian rhythm of bioluminescence as bioassay. The active substance, termed gonyauline, has been isolated and characterized as a novel low molecular weight cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (S-methyl-cis-2-(methylthio) cyclopropanecarboxylic acid). Synthetic gonyauline has a similar shortening effect on the period of the circadian clock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 157-161 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Symbiosis ; Bioluminescence ; Bacteria Leiognathidae ; Photobacterium leiognathi ; Fish luminescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Luminescent bacteria isolated from light organs of seven different species (3 genera) of fishes of the family Leiognathidae were subjected to taxonomic analysis. Of the 733 isolated all but seven were identified as Photobacterium leiognathi; the others are considered to be either chance contaminants of the sampling procedure or transients within the organ. In most fish, the luminous organ appeared to contain a single predominating strain of P. leiognathi with small numbers of one to three other strains of the same species, differing by only one or two characters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 120 (1979), S. 87-91 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Luminous bacteria ; Marine bacteria ; Induction ; Beneckea ; Photobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It has been previously demonstrated that luciferase synthesis in the luminous marine bacteria, Beneckea harveyi and Photobacterium fischeri is induced only when sufficient concentrations of metabolic products (autoinducers) of these bacteria accumulate in growth media. Thus, when cells are cultured in liquid medium there is a lag in luciferase synthesis. A quantitative bioassay for B. harveyi autoinducer was developed and it was shown that many marine bacteria produce a substance that mimics its action, but in different amounts, (20–130% of the activity produced by B. harveyi) depending on the species and strain. This is referred to as alloinduction. None of the bacteria tested produced detectable quantities of inducer for P. fischeri luciferase synthesis. These findings may have significance with respect to the ecology of B. harveyi and P. fischeri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 145 (1986), S. 342-346 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bioluminescence ; Photobacterium phosphoreum ; Marine bacteria ; NaCl induction ; Autoinduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Photobacterium phosphoreum strain 496, growth and luminescence in a complex medium are optimal with 3% NaCl. However, in the same medium with 1% NaCl growth is similar, but the development of bioluminescence does not occur. In cells grown to mid or late-log phase in 1% NaCl, light emission can be triggered by the addition of NaCl, but the time required for its appearance is quite long, at least 30–45 min. The synthesis of m-RNA and protein are required for the development of luminescence, but the long time interval suggests that some intermediate steps are required. The time required is not less in conditioned 3% NaCl medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 9-16 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Oxygen ; Bioluminescence ; Induction ; Bacterial symbiosis ; Fish luminescence ; Luminous bacteria ; Photobacterium ; Beneckea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of the bioluminescent systems in many strains of two species of the genus Photobacterium which were isolated as symbionts is greater at low oxygen concentrations, where aerobic growth is blocked. In strains of two other species, one Photobacterium of symbiotic orgin, and one (genus Beneckea) whose luminous members are not known to be involved in symbiotic associations, a different response is observed. At low oxygen concentrations, where there is an inhibition of growth, there is also a similar decrease in the synthesis, of the luminescent system. These species-specific differences may indicate important ecological differences along with distinctive differences in the molecular control mechanisms involved in the synthesis of luciferase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1986), S. 325-329 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Plasmid mobilization ; Bioluminescence ; Temperature conditional ; Complementation ; Marine bacteria ; Autoinduction ; Vibrio harveyi ; Luciferase genes ; Cloning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A recombinant plasmid which carried a 5 kb fragment of Vibrio harveyi DNA containing the luxA and luxB genes was mobilized from Escherichia coli into luminescence-deficient mutants of V. harveyi. The cloned genes complemented a temperature sensitive luciferase mutation, but failed to complement lesions in two different aldehyde deficient mutants. Expression of the cloned genes was not subject to autoinduction in either E. coli or in V. harveyi.
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