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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 29 (1995), S. 315-334 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This study measures industrial output, employment and air pollution effects through the use of CNG in motor vehicles by utilizing the Pollution-Related Multiregional Household-Interactive Variable Input-Output (PHVIO) model. The impact analyses are conducted with three consecutive year scenarios of different level of CNG conversion of motor fleet vehicles for the target year, 1991, 1992, and 1993. The use of CNG in bus and truck vehicles of private businesses, consumers, and state and local governments produces the ’substitution‘ effect and ’income‘ effect. The use of CNG reduces the costs of transportation, and the output, employment and air pollution effects of the reduced transportation costs are referred as the substitution effect. The use of CNG increases natural gas consumption and requires CNG duel engine installation while it decrease gasoline consumption. The output, employment and air pollution effects of this final demand change are referred to the income effect. The industrial output and employment effects are measured in Oklahoma and the Rest of the U.S. Then Oklahoma State industrial and employment effects are divided into Oklahoma SMSA, Tulsa SMSA and the Rest of Oklakoma. Finally, the stationary source air pollution due to industrial effects and mobiles source air pollution due to CNG using motor vehicles are measured in Oklahoma SMSA and Tulsa SMSA.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 65 (1999), S. 232-236 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Antler — Alkaline phosphatase — Phosphodiesterase I — Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase — 5′-nucleotidase.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The process of growth of red deer antler ``bone'' is very similar to the endochondral growth of long bones. The growth zones of the antler are temporally organized from the tip, in a proximal direction, permitting sequential aspects of antler development to be followed in serial transverse sections from the tip to the base. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALKPase, phosphodiesterase I, nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase, and 5′-nucleotidase were measured in extracts of antler mineralizing tissue at different distances from the tip, and compared with mineralization, which peaked at ca. 60 mm. The activities of ALKPase and phosphodiesterase I were maximal at ca. 30 and 60 mm, respectively, suggesting that these enzymes are involved in different phases of mineralization. The patterns of distribution were similar to those determined from equivalent quantitative histochemical analyses, confirming the validity of both methods of assessment. The distribution of nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase also suggested that this enzyme is involved in mineralization, but the pattern of distribution was not as reproducible as for the other enzymes. 5′-Nucleotidase activity was distributed differently than the others and showed relatively constant levels at all distances. The results suggest that each of the four phosphohydrolases may have a different role in the process of mineralization. A tentative model suggesting functions for these phosphohydrolases and ATPases is presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 25 (1991), S. 159-177 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper introduces a multiregional, multiproduct, household interactive, variable input-output (MMHIVIO) model. The MMHIVIO model is a general equilibrium model which captures the interactions and the optimizing behavior of consumers and producers in the space economy. It is not only consistent with the theories of consumer and producer behavior, it also makes it relatively easy to solve because it reduces to several blocks of linear systems of equations. The model is used to evaluate the economic effects of the Ohio River Navigation System.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 29 (1995), S. 315-334 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This study measures industrial output, employment and air pollution effects through the use of CNG in motor vehicles by utilizing the Pollution-Related Multiregional Household-Interactive Variable Input-Output (PHVIO) model. The impact analyses are conducted with three consecutive year scenarios of different level of CNG conversion of motor fleet vehicles for the target year, 1991, 1992, and 1993. The use of CNG in bus and truck vehicles of private businesses, consumers, and state and local governments produces the ‘substitution’ effect and ‘income’ effect. The use of CNG reduces the costs of transportation, and the output, employment and air pollution effects of the reduced transportation costs are referred as the substitution effect. The use of CNG increases natural gas consumption and requires CNG duel engine installation while it decrease gasoline consumption. The output, employment and air pollution effects of this final demand change are referred to the income effect. The industrial output and employment effects are measured in Oklahoma and the Rest of the U.S. Then Oklahoma State industrial and employment effects are divided into Oklahoma SMSA, Tulsa SMSA and the Rest of Oklakoma. Finally, the stationary source air pollution due to industrial effects and mobiles source air pollution due to CNG using motor vehicles are measured in Oklahoma SMSA and Tulsa SMSA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 11 (1977), S. 94-106 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Regional multiplier is a very useful and popular tool in economic study of a region. However, conventional regional multiplier derived from a static input-output model fails to provide time path of the impact over period. In many cases, it restricts the impact within a year period. To alleviate the problem, this paper introduces a regional dynamic multiplier which makes the impact to spread out over period. In the absence of the technical change, each period multiplier added up to the static multiplier. Utilizing Oklahoma data, the paper estimates the capital coefficients and the dynamic multipliers of Oklahoma regional economy. Finally, it provides a comparative study of dynamic multipliers for various industries.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 10 (1997), S. 97-110 
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Endogenous growth ; endogenous fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper studies the equilibrium dynamics and indeterminacy of equilibria in an endogenous growth model with endogenous fertility choice. We characterize the conditions that give rise to an unique equilibrium as well as multiple equilibria. Whenever there exists a unique equilibrium, it will be globally determinate; when multiple equilibria arise, indeterminacy occurs. In particular, we find that two equilibria occur – one is associated with high fertility and low growth, while the other is associated with low fertility and high growth. A parameterized example is given to assess the empirical feasibility of our results. The validity of the neo-Malthusian relation between fertility and growth is then re-examined. Finally, we study the relation between growth and welfare and compare different balanced growth equilibria in terms of their lifetime-attained utility. JEL classifications: O41, J13
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Temperature distributions were measured during the irradiation of a CO2 laser beam at one end of a rod-shaped specimen and at the centre of a thin plate-shaped specimen. Regarding the measured temperature distributions as one-dimensional and two-dimensional unsteady state heat transfer solutions, CO2 laser beam absorptances were calculated using a modified finite difference method. Temperature dependence of thermal properties, heat loss due to convection and latent heat during melting of the specimen were taken into account in this numerical calculation. Increasing the specimen temperature from room temperature to melting point, absorptances of STS304 stainless steel and SM45C steel were calculated as 8 ∼ 40% and 6 ∼ 41% for the one-dimensional calculation, and as 9.3 ∼ 41% and 5 ∼ 41% for the two-dimensional calculation, respectively. These calculated absortances were very close to theoretical values at relatively low temperature, which were calculated from the electrical resistivities of the specimens. Increasing the temperature of the specimens, absorptances increased considerably due to oxidation of the specimens. Regardless of specimen composition and specimen dimension, both absorptances showed nearly the same value of 41% at their melting points, in which the structures of both metals became amorphous phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of economics 71 (2000), S. 59-77 
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Keywords: unemployment ; cash in advance ; commercial policy ; F11 ; O10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the welfare effects of commercial and tax/subsidy policies on a developing economy with sectoral unemployment and differential cash-in-advance constraints. The optimal tariff can be negative when the cash-in-advance requirement for buying the importable good is larger than that for the exportable good. In addition, when capital is sectorally mobile, production taxes are superior to production subsidies to the importable sector. Nevertheless, to reach the first-best optimum, a uniform wage subsidy to both sectors is required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: legumes ; N2 fixation ; 15N analysis ; ureides ; xylem exudate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Methods for partitioning the nitrogen assimilated by nodulated legumes, between nitrogen derived from soil sources and from N2 fixation, are described as applied in peninsular Malaysia. The analysis of nitrogenous components translocated from the roots to the shoots of nodulated plants in the xylem sap is outlined, with some precautions to be observed for applications in the tropics. Some examples of the use of the technique in surverying apparent N2 fixation by tropical legumes, in studying interrow cropping in plantation systems and in assessing effects of experimental treatments on N2 fixation by food legumes, are described. Techniques for assesing N2 fixation by means of15N abundance have been used to show that applications of nitrogenous fertilizers commonly used in Malaysia for soybeans depress N2 fixation, that similar results are obtained with natural abundance and15N-enrichment methods and that, in at least two locations in Malaysia, differences between the natural abundance of15N in plant-available soil nitrogen and in atmospheric N2 are great enough to permit application to measurement of N2 fixation by leguminous crops.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 4 (1983), S. 303-310 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new and simple method is presented to determine the independent shear modulus of transversely isotropic material. Mathematical formulation, derivation and solution are given, and test apparatus and results are presented. The method was tested on one of such materials—Green River Formation oil shale. Comparisons with other approximate results and acoustical methods are made. Confirmation of the test method with materials having known shear moduli is also presented.
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